Sample Size Calculation for Animal Studies with Emphasis on the Ethical Principles of Reduction of Animal Use

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AHMADI NOORBAKHSH SIAVASH

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Research in Medicine Year:2018 | Volume:42 | Issue:3 Page(s): 144-153

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Sample Size Calculation for Animal Studies with Emphasis on the Ethical Principles of Reduction of Animal Use

Author(s)

AHMADI NOORBAKHSH SIAVASH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Animal reductionQ2

Sample sizeQ1

Number of animalsQ1

Power analysisQ3

Resource equationQ1

Animal studyQ2

Abstract

Background: One of the most important questions at the first steps of designing a laboratory animal research is “ How many animals do we need? ” . In fact, the Number of animals used, acts like a “ double-edged sword” , directly affecting the scientific power and ethicalness of a research. Therefore, proper Sample size calculation (SSC) is of outmost importance. Methods: The aim of the present article is to teach methods of SSC. At first, a thorough understanding of basic parameters used for SSC will be developed for readers. Then, the philosophy of SSC will be discussed. Next, we will review the methods of calculating the number of Experimental Units for each type of studies and we will explore a range of available tools to perform the calculations. Methods of spreading the proper number of experimental units across the groups will be discussed and we will finally calculate the required Number of animals based on the number of experimental units, group compositions, and the likelihood of animals exiting the study. Results: Two main methods of SSC for animal research, i. e. Power analysis and Resource equation, are presented with the emphasis on the ethical principles of Sample size reduction. Pros and cons of each method are discussed and a spreadsheet is provided for readers to perform routine calculations. Conclusion: The Number of animals used can considerably affect various aspects of a study, though, proper determination of it does not follow a strict rule. For an optimum determination, researchers should have a good understanding in statistics and laboratory animal science and be familiar with ethical principles and sound scientific judgement.

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Aerobic and resistance training on some oxidative markers and TGF-β in cardiac tissue of elderly rats

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APA: Copy

AHMADI NOORBAKHSH, SIAVASH. (2018). Sample Size Calculation for Animal Studies with Emphasis on the Ethical Principles of Reduction of Animal Use. PAJOUHESH DAR PEZESHKI, 42(3 ), 144-153. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/374256/en

Vancouver: Copy

AHMADI NOORBAKHSH SIAVASH. Sample Size Calculation for Animal Studies with Emphasis on the Ethical Principles of Reduction of Animal Use. PAJOUHESH DAR PEZESHKI[Internet]. 2018;42(3 ):144-153. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/374256/en

IEEE: Copy

SIAVASH AHMADI NOORBAKHSH, “Sample Size Calculation for Animal Studies with Emphasis on the Ethical Principles of Reduction of Animal Use,” PAJOUHESH DAR PEZESHKI, vol. 42, no. 3 , pp. 144–153, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/374256/en

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