A Psycho-analytic Criticism of the Hero in Amir Taj Al-Sir’ s Novel ‘ French Perfume’ Based on Henry Murray’ s Theory of Needs

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FARSI BEHNAM; Ghayoomi Salma

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Journal Paper

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Journal: JOURNAL OF LESAN MOBEEN Year:2020 | Volume:11 | Issue:38 Page(s): 66-84

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Title

A Psycho-analytic Criticism of the Hero in Amir Taj Al-Sir’ s Novel ‘ French Perfume’ Based on Henry Murray’ s Theory of Needs

Author(s)

FARSI BEHNAM | Ghayoomi Salma | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Psycho-analytic criticismQ2

Henry MurrayQ1

Theory of needsQ1

Amir Taj Al-SirQ1

French PerfumeQ1

Abstract

Psychological criticism is one of the contemporary literary approaches which helps to analyze characters psychologically and to understand literary works better. A famous theory in this regard is the Theory of needs; proposed by American psychologist Henry Murray. According to this theory, needs are induced by the pressures of life, and human beings respond to them in various ways. By defining the Theory of needs and using a descriptiveanalytic method, this study aimed to detect the types of pressure that had imposed needs to the hero in the novel ‘ French Perfume’ and to mark those pressures that the hero responded. The study also sought to specify which pressure had the highest influence and why. As the results indicated, social, economic, and political problems, which were in the Alpha Press category, led to psychological pressures, categorized as Beta Press. These pressures, in turn, led to certain needs, like the needs felt by the protagonist of the novel. He tried to overcome external and internal pressures by meeting such secondary needs as understanding, domination, pretention, libido, reprobation, self-restraint, respect, invulnerability, affection and pugnacity. In spite of his attempts, he ended up in a character break-up.

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APA: Copy

FARSI, BEHNAM, & Ghayoomi, Salma. (2020). A Psycho-analytic Criticism of the Hero in Amir Taj Al-Sir’ s Novel ‘ French Perfume’ Based on Henry Murray’ s Theory of Needs. JOURNAL OF LESAN MOBEEN, 11(38 ), 66-84. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/396542/en

Vancouver: Copy

FARSI BEHNAM, Ghayoomi Salma. A Psycho-analytic Criticism of the Hero in Amir Taj Al-Sir’ s Novel ‘ French Perfume’ Based on Henry Murray’ s Theory of Needs. JOURNAL OF LESAN MOBEEN[Internet]. 2020;11(38 ):66-84. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/396542/en

IEEE: Copy

BEHNAM FARSI, and Salma Ghayoomi, “A Psycho-analytic Criticism of the Hero in Amir Taj Al-Sir’ s Novel ‘ French Perfume’ Based on Henry Murray’ s Theory of Needs,” JOURNAL OF LESAN MOBEEN, vol. 11, no. 38 , pp. 66–84, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/396542/en

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