Determination of the Effects of Eye-related Factors Caused by the Use of 3 Different Sizes of Smartphone on the Visual Function in Iranshahr Medical Students

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Jamalzehi M.; KHORRAMI NEJAD M.; AZIMI KHORASANI A.; KARIMI F.; Erish M.

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Journal: BINA Year:2020 | Volume:25 | Issue:3 Page(s): 219-226

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Title

Determination of the Effects of Eye-related Factors Caused by the Use of 3 Different Sizes of Smartphone on the Visual Function in Iranshahr Medical Students

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Keywords

AdaptationQ1

ConvergenceQ1

EyeQ2

Eye FatigueQ1

Ocular SymptomsQ1

SmartphoneQ1

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Smartphones on vision performance among students of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Methods: This study was performed among the 18 to 30-year-old students of Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, who were healthy and without any Eye or systemic diseases. All subjects were studied for 3 hours with 3 different Smartphone sizes, for one hour under the same precise Eye work. An examiner performed the tests and evaluated the samples to ensure a constant distance between the user and the mobile. If the refraction was more than ± 0. 5 diopters, an optical correction would be placed over the Eye. To create Eye fatigue, the person was asked to perform an exact and identical Eye work on all three mobile phones. An Eye work consisted of 6 precise tasks that one had to focus on the mobile screen. That was, chasing moving targets at low speed, finding large and small targets that are found and hiding, and reading moving sentences to find answers; all the targets moved from left to right and vice versa so that one does not only look at the center of the mobile screen but also the perimeter of the screen during the examination. Results: Out of 20 participants (8 males and 12 females), 11 were right Eye dominated and the rest were left Eye dominated. NPA was 3. 3 ± 9. 5 cm (mean: 10. 5 diopters) before the test, and 12. 1± 5. 8 diopters had a mean of 8. 3 diopters after the use of a 5. 5-inch phone. No major change was observed before and after using Mobile 5. 5. PRA was 9. 8 ± 2. 6 cm (mean: 10. 2 diopters) before and after ophthalmology 4. 2 ± 10. 0 (mean: 10. 0 diopters), indicating minimal changes between the three Smartphones (P = 0. 20). The NPC rate before glare was 7. 7 ± 2. 2, 7. 5 ± 2. 3, and 8. 1 ± 2. 6 for 5. 8, 5. 5, and 5. 1 5. 1. The NPC rate after glare was 8. 0 ± 2. 4, 8. 2 ± 2. 7, 8. 4 ± 2. 8. The highest increase was for the 5. 5 mobile phone, but no significant difference was observed between the three types of phones. Conclusion: In summary, there was no significant difference between the adaptive response in all cases and the version of the stimulus between the three types of phones. This condition may be due to the youthfulness of the samples and the normalization of their adaptive range in proportion to their age.

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APA: Copy

Jamalzehi, M., KHORRAMI NEJAD, M., AZIMI KHORASANI, A., KARIMI, F., & Erish, M.. (2020). Determination of the Effects of Eye-related Factors Caused by the Use of 3 Different Sizes of Smartphone on the Visual Function in Iranshahr Medical Students. BINA, 25(3 ), 219-226. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/416575/en

Vancouver: Copy

Jamalzehi M., KHORRAMI NEJAD M., AZIMI KHORASANI A., KARIMI F., Erish M.. Determination of the Effects of Eye-related Factors Caused by the Use of 3 Different Sizes of Smartphone on the Visual Function in Iranshahr Medical Students. BINA[Internet]. 2020;25(3 ):219-226. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/416575/en

IEEE: Copy

M. Jamalzehi, M. KHORRAMI NEJAD, A. AZIMI KHORASANI, F. KARIMI, and M. Erish, “Determination of the Effects of Eye-related Factors Caused by the Use of 3 Different Sizes of Smartphone on the Visual Function in Iranshahr Medical Students,” BINA, vol. 25, no. 3 , pp. 219–226, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/416575/en

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