INDICATORS AND CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES

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ZAZOULI MOHAMMAD ALI; KALANKESH LALEH

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Journal: Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Year:2018 | Volume:27 | Issue:158 Page(s): 218-229

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Information Journal Paper

Title

INDICATORS AND CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES

Author(s)

ZAZOULI MOHAMMAD ALI | KALANKESH LALEH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIESQ1

INEQUALITYQ3

PROCEDURAL JUSTICEQ1

Abstract

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES (EHIs) refer to general differences in environmental healthconditions. This research aimed at introducing the EHI indicators and providing general recommendationsthat could improve environmental health and reduce the inequalities observed. This research is the reviewof WHO reports in various regions. A set of 14 EHI indicators was developed and categorized into threeinequality dimensions, including housing-related inequalities, group injury-related inequalities, andenvironment-related inequalities. The environment-related inequalities include four indicators such aslack of access to green/recreational areas, and noise exposure and second-hand smoke exposure at homeor work. The housing-related inequalities include six indicators such as inadequate water supply, lack of aflush toilet, lack of a bath or shower, overcrowding, dampness in home, and inability to keep the homeadequately warm. According to literature, EHIs exist in all countries, and most often affect disadvantagedpopulation groups. The magnitude of inequalities and the distribution of inequalities varies betweencountries and also depend on the socioeconomic or demographic variables. The socioeconomic anddemographic inequalities in exposure to environmental hazards exist everywhere and could be associatedwith factors that may affect the risk of being exposed such as income, education, employment, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and specific locations or settings. In addition to these differences in exposure, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES are also caused by social or demographic differences in vulnerabilitytowards certain risks. Finally, further studies are recommended for initial assessment of EHIs in Iran.

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APA: Copy

ZAZOULI, MOHAMMAD ALI, & KALANKESH, LALEH. (2018). INDICATORS AND CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES. JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 27(158 ), 218-229. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/44181/en

Vancouver: Copy

ZAZOULI MOHAMMAD ALI, KALANKESH LALEH. INDICATORS AND CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES. JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES[Internet]. 2018;27(158 ):218-229. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/44181/en

IEEE: Copy

MOHAMMAD ALI ZAZOULI, and LALEH KALANKESH, “INDICATORS AND CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES,” JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, vol. 27, no. 158 , pp. 218–229, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/44181/en

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