HEAVY METALS (CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, AND COPPER) CONTAMINATION IN KOHL AVAILABLE IN IRAN’S MARKET

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ASGARI RAD HOSSEIN; SAEEDI MAJID; AZADBAKHT NARJES

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Journal: Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Year:2016 | Volume:25 | Issue:133 Page(s): 295-304

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Title

HEAVY METALS (CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, AND COPPER) CONTAMINATION IN KOHL AVAILABLE IN IRAN’S MARKET

Author(s)

ASGARI RAD HOSSEIN | SAEEDI MAJID | AZADBAKHT NARJES | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

KOHLQ2

HEAVY METALSQ2

CADMIUMQ2

ZINCQ2

NICKELQ3

CHROMEQ3

LEADQ2

COPPERQ3

Abstract

Background and purpose: Exposure to HEAVY METALS can cause neurological, respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, imbalance of hormones, hair loss, infertility, and abortion. KOHL containing HEAVY METALS can LEAD to such complications due to long-term contact with the lining of the eye. The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination level of KOHL by HEAVY METALS (cadmium, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, and COPPER) used in some Iranian cities.Materials and methods: Thirty samples of KOHL were prepared from 10 brands available in Iran’s market. The samples were digested by perchloric and nitric acid. Concentration of HEAVY METALS were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: The highest concentrations measured in samples from KOHL with mean±SD included: CADMIUM 2350±20, CHROME 2270±240, LEAD 61900±1900, NICKEL 3380±210, zink 16190±120, COPPER 36240±250 (ng per gram) in KOHL samples. The lowest concentrations were observed with CADMIUM (2±0.002), CHROME (2±0.002), LEAD (341±0.8), NICKEL (3±0.4), zink (1100±40), and COPPER (9±0.8 ng per gram) in all samples. The concentrations of CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, and COPPER in all samples were within the range suggested by WHO.Conclusion: High levels of HEAVY METALS in noncertified KOHL are a warning. Therefore, constant vigilance is needed to ensure that allowable level of HEAVY METALS is used in this product. Therefore, HEAVY METALS concentration in KOHL should be determined before entering the market.

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APA: Copy

ASGARI RAD, HOSSEIN, SAEEDI, MAJID, & AZADBAKHT, NARJES. (2016). HEAVY METALS (CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, AND COPPER) CONTAMINATION IN KOHL AVAILABLE IN IRAN’S MARKET. JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 25(133), 295-304. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/44650/en

Vancouver: Copy

ASGARI RAD HOSSEIN, SAEEDI MAJID, AZADBAKHT NARJES. HEAVY METALS (CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, AND COPPER) CONTAMINATION IN KOHL AVAILABLE IN IRAN’S MARKET. JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES[Internet]. 2016;25(133):295-304. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/44650/en

IEEE: Copy

HOSSEIN ASGARI RAD, MAJID SAEEDI, and NARJES AZADBAKHT, “HEAVY METALS (CADMIUM, ZINC, NICKEL, CHROME, LEAD, AND COPPER) CONTAMINATION IN KOHL AVAILABLE IN IRAN’S MARKET,” JOURNAL OF MAZANDARAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, vol. 25, no. 133, pp. 295–304, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/44650/en

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