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Title

THE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINE‑IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CLINICAL RESULTS

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Abstract

 The prognosis of the neoplastic diseases depends not only on the biogenetic characteristics of cancer cells but also on the immunologicalresponse of patients, which may influence the biological features of cancer cells themselves as well as the angiogenic processes.Moreover, the immune system in vivo is under a physiological psychoneuroendocrine (PNE) regulation, mainly mediated by the brainopioid system and the pineal gland. In more detail, the anticancer immunity is stimulated by the pineal hormone melatonin (MLT)and inhibited by the opioid system, namely, through a mu‑opioid receptor. Several alterations involving the pineal endocrine functionand the opioid system have been described in cancer patients, which could play a role in tumor progression itself. Therefore, thepharmacological correction of cancer progression‑related anomalies could contribute to control cancer diffusion, namely, the pinealendocrine deficiency and the hyperactivity of brain opioid system. In fact, the administration of pharmacological doses of the onlyMLT has already been proven to prolong the 1‑year survival in untreatable metastatic cancer patients. Better results may be achievedby associating other pineal indoles to MLT, mu‑opioid antagonists, cannabinoids, beta‑carbolines. Moreover, these neuroendocrinecombinations may be successfully associated with antitumor cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) ‑2 and IL‑12, as a PNE‑immune cancertherapy as well as with antitumor plants as PNE‑phytotherapy of cancer in an attempt to propose possible anticancer treatments alsoto patients with disseminated cancer and untreatable according to the standard oncology.

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    APA: Copy

    LISSONI, PAOLO, MESSINA, GIUSY, LISSONI, ARIANNA, & FRANCO, ROVELLI. (2017). THE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINE?IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CLINICAL RESULTS. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES (JRMS), 22(1), 0-0. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/688699/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    LISSONI PAOLO, MESSINA GIUSY, LISSONI ARIANNA, FRANCO ROVELLI. THE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINE?IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CLINICAL RESULTS. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES (JRMS)[Internet]. 2017;22(1):0-0. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/688699/en

    IEEE: Copy

    PAOLO LISSONI, GIUSY MESSINA, ARIANNA LISSONI, and ROVELLI FRANCO, “THE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINE?IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND CLINICAL RESULTS,” JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES (JRMS), vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 0–0, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/688699/en

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