EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO SMOKING IN FARS PROVINCE, 1999

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MIRAHMADI A.R.; KADIVAR M.R.; TABATABAEI H.R.; FARAROOEI M.

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Journal: Armaghane Danesh Year:2001 | Volume:6 | Issue:21-22 Page(s): 41-51

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Title

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO SMOKING IN FARS PROVINCE, 1999

Author(s)

MIRAHMADI A.R. | KADIVAR M.R. | TABATABAEI H.R. | FARAROOEI M. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

TOBACCO SMOKINGQ3

SMOKINGQ3

FORS.Q3

Abstract

In a descriptive-analytic study, 1998 individuals over 15 years of age were selectedrandomly from 17 townships of Fars province and were subjected to interview, physical examination, and certain laboratory studies. Males constituted 42.5% and females 57.5% of the subject whose mean age was 35.8±1.8 years. In the sample, 55% lived in urban and 45% in rural areas. The majority (62.8% )were married and most (41.8%) were housekeepers. The highest level of official education received by most was elementary school education(25.4%); there was a significant difference in the average level of official education between subjects living in urban and rural areas (P<0.05). 19.7% of the sample were smokers of cigarettes (10%), hookah (8.4%) or both (1.3% ).The prevalence of cigarette and hookah use was 114.6 and 96.6 per 1000 respectively. The average number of cigarettes smoked daily was 13.3±10.5, and most cigarette smokers were married. No significant difference was found regarding the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol between the smoker and nonsmoker groups (P>0.05); however, hookah smokers had a significantly higher systolic blood pressure than nonsmokers (P < 0.05). The level of hemoglobin and hematocrit was significantly higher in the smoker group compared to the nonsmoker one; also, the smoker group had a significantly higher prevalence of lip cyanosis, harsh breathing, and chronic cough, both in their past history and present physica1. examination (P<0.05).-Unfortunately, smokers had a higher level of official education than nonsmokers (P<0.05). Regarding the fact that 53% of the population in this province are above 15 years, of age it can be estimated that 3,231,262 cigarettes are smoked per day, which is approximately equal to 387,751,392 rials daily or 141,529,285,000 rials annually; obviously, the ,cost of tobacco used in hookahs must be addeq to these figures.

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APA: Copy

MIRAHMADI, A.R., KADIVAR, M.R., TABATABAEI, H.R., & FARAROOEI, M.. (2001). EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO SMOKING IN FARS PROVINCE, 1999. ARMAGHAN DANESH, 6(21-22), 41-51. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/77732/en

Vancouver: Copy

MIRAHMADI A.R., KADIVAR M.R., TABATABAEI H.R., FARAROOEI M.. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO SMOKING IN FARS PROVINCE, 1999. ARMAGHAN DANESH[Internet]. 2001;6(21-22):41-51. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/77732/en

IEEE: Copy

A.R. MIRAHMADI, M.R. KADIVAR, H.R. TABATABAEI, and M. FARAROOEI, “EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TOBACCO SMOKING IN FARS PROVINCE, 1999,” ARMAGHAN DANESH, vol. 6, no. 21-22, pp. 41–51, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/77732/en

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