Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban andRural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

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YAHYAVI DIZAJ JAFAR; Naemani Faroogh; FATEH MOHSEN; SOLEIMANIFAR MANIJEH; ARAB AMIR MASSOUD; Esmaiel Zali Morad; SOLTANI SHAHIN; KAZEMI KARYANI ALI

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Journal: Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation) Year:2020 | Volume:21 | Issue:3 Page(s): 336-357

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Title

Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban andRural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Keywords

Utilization

Rehabilitation services

Income inequality

Concentration index

Iran

Abstract

Objective Demographic and epidemiological changes in the 21 century have created new challenges such as aging and the rising trend of non-communicable diseases. The high prevalence of disability (due to the growing aging population), non-communicable diseases, and accidents have increased the demand for Rehabilitation services. However, there are not enough resources to meet all current needs in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation services between Iranian households in urban and rural areas. st Materials & Methods This is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design using the household expenditure, income survey data from the Statistics Center of Iran in 2018. The used instrument was a questionnaire surveying the expenditure and income of urban and rural households (social characteristics of household members, place of residence and main living facilities, food/non-food expenses, and household income), which was completed through interviewing the household head or a member over 15 years of age. The study samples were 18610 households in rural areas and 20348 households in urban areas. After extracting and refining the data, 38958 households were included in the study. Factors affecting their Utilization of Rehabilitation services and the inequality in Utilization were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Concentration index (CI), respectively. Data were extracted in MS Access 2013 and MS Excel 2013 applications and were analyzed in STATA V. 14. 1 software. The geographic distribution of the service Utilization was plotted using ArcGIS Map V. 10 software. Results A total of 258 households (0. 77%) used Rehabilitation services. Of these, 226 (87%) had a male head, and 32 (13%) had a female head. About 60% had 3-4 members, and 239 (92%) had insurance coverage, and others (8%) had no insurance coverage. Also, 173 (67%) had an employed head. Finally, 55% were living in rural areas, and 45% in urban areas. Uninsured households had less use of Rehabilitation services (P<0. 05). Also, 1. 32% of the fifth income quintile (highest income) used Rehabilitation services, while this rate was 0. 35% for households in the first quintile (P<0. 001). Zanjan, Qazvin, Khuzestan, Isfahan, Lorestan, Bushehr, and Semnan provinces had the lowest service Utilization rates in urban/rural areas and the whole country. Qom Province had a better status regarding service Utilization in urban areas, while East Azerbaijan, Mazandaran, Golestan, Yazd, Fars, and Hormozgan provinces had higher service Utilization rates in rural areas. Overall, East Azerbaijan, Mazandaran, and Qom provinces had a higher rate of Utilization. The CI value for the whole

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APA: Copy

YAHYAVI DIZAJ, JAFAR, Naemani, Faroogh, FATEH, MOHSEN, SOLEIMANIFAR, MANIJEH, ARAB, AMIR MASSOUD, Esmaiel Zali, Morad, SOLTANI, SHAHIN, & KAZEMI KARYANI, ALI. (2020). Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban andRural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. ARCHIVES OF REHABILITATION (JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION), 21(3 ), 336-357. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/961799/en

Vancouver: Copy

YAHYAVI DIZAJ JAFAR, Naemani Faroogh, FATEH MOHSEN, SOLEIMANIFAR MANIJEH, ARAB AMIR MASSOUD, Esmaiel Zali Morad, SOLTANI SHAHIN, KAZEMI KARYANI ALI. Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban andRural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study. ARCHIVES OF REHABILITATION (JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION)[Internet]. 2020;21(3 ):336-357. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/961799/en

IEEE: Copy

JAFAR YAHYAVI DIZAJ, Faroogh Naemani, MOHSEN FATEH, MANIJEH SOLEIMANIFAR, AMIR MASSOUD ARAB, Morad Esmaiel Zali, SHAHIN SOLTANI, and ALI KAZEMI KARYANI, “Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban andRural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study,” ARCHIVES OF REHABILITATION (JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION), vol. 21, no. 3 , pp. 336–357, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/961799/en

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