Previous data have suggested that rofecoxib A Cox-2-specific inhibitor has analgesic effect similar to those of the nonstroidal anti inflammatory drugs when tested in post dental surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the analgesic efficacy of a single dose of rofecoxib 50 mg once daily compared with the four doses of Ibuprofen and placebo after one visit root canal therapy in endonontic emergency patient. In this randomized double blind, placebo --controlled, parallel group study,60 patients (57% men, Mean age; 28.4) with sever pain in the study defined as 7 and more using a visual analog scale in molar teeth invited to participate. Which was after one visit of the root canal therapy randomly receive a single dose of rofecoxib or four doses of Ibuprofen or placebo.Analgesic efficacy was assessed for up to 24 hrs (6h, 12h, 24h) post dose using self administration questionnaire. A total of 60 patient were enrolled. 20 receive rofecoxib50 mg. 20 receive Ibuprofen 400mg every 6 h. 20 receive placebo. The analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib and ibuprofen was higher than placebo and this difference was significant. Comparing rofecoxib and ibuprofen there was not significant differences but rofecoxib had longer duration of action. We concluded that Rofecoxib was efficatious in control of post operative dental pain and that Cox-2 derived prostanoid play a role in treatment of pain associated with root canal therapy. On the base of our study we do recomment to prescribe single dose rofecoxib per day after Irreversible pulpitis treatment rather than 4 dose of Ibuprofen.

Introduction: Effective pain management after dental surgeries is one of the most common problems in dentistry. Ibuprofen is the most common non selective non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2. Celecoxib is a COX-2 specific NSAID and also the only COX-2 specific drug available in Iran. Naproxen is a non selective NSAID that is often used for postoperative pain management all around the world; however, it is not the first choice in our country. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Celecoxib, Naproxen, and Ibuprofen in pain control after periodontal surgery.Materials & Methods: This double-blind clinical trial study included a total of 30 patients who presented with chronic periodontitis and who underwent surgical procedures on the anterior sextant of the mandible. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 patients. Each group received one of the following medication protocols: Group A: 400 mg Ibuprofen, group B: 200 mg Celecoxib , Group C: 250 mg Naproxen. Patients reported their pain levels using a VAS (visual analog scale) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after periodontal surgery. All data were analyzed by SPSS Ver 15 program. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, respectively.Results: Statistical analysis of the data showed no significant differences between Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, and Naproxen after 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 hours after the surgery. Significant differences were seen only at the third hour after surgery between Celecoxib and Naproxen and between Ibuprofen and Naproxen.Conclusion: Considering the lower rate of side effects of Celecoxib its similar degree of pain reduction as Ibuprofen, and its better efficiency than Naproxen, Celecoxib can be considered an appropriate drug for pain control after periodontal surgeries.

Background &Aim: This double - blind clinical study compared the pain reducing effect of Celecoxib and Ibuprofen in patients with severe endodontically originated pain.Methods &Materials: A total of 30 patients presenting with severe pulpally originated pain consented to a single - dose oral administration of 100 mg of Celecoxib or 400 mg of Ibuprofen.Patients - reported Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ratings of pain intensity were recorded at every 15 min for 90 min after drug administration. Data were analyzed using student's t test.Results: Results indicated that at the 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 min periods, both Celecoxib and Ibuprofen provided pain relief, but there was no significant difference between them. At 90 min period, Celecoxib showed significantly better pain relief than Ibuprofen (P<0.01).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it seems that Celecoxib has better pain reducing effect than Ibuprofen.

Objective: Ibuprofen is a none-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used for intensive to moderate inflammatory pains. This drug imposed some gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as gastritis to the GI tract. Thus, preparation of Ibuprofen suppository especially for pediatrician who manages an anesthetic children with disability of swallowing or children sensitive to oral dosage forms is very useful. Besides, some difficulties with poor dissolution rate and bioavailability of the drug in the form of suppositories have been reported. Therefore; the aim of this study was to find an opportunity for solving the problem.Materials and Methods: In this study the effect of different quantities of drug (50, 100 mg), of two sizes (60, 100 mm) in the base of Witepsol H15 and W35 were used. Also, b-cyclodextrin in different concentrations of 5% and 10% for enhancing solubility and colloidal silicon dioxide for uniformity of suppository drug content and Tween 80 with 0.25, 0.5 and 1 percent concentrations were used in consecutive tests.Results: The results of different evaluations indicated, that, a better formulation could be prepared using Witepsol H15 with 100 mg Ibuprofen (60micron particle size), 0.5% Tween 80, 10% b-cyclodextrin and 0.5% colloidal silicon dioxide. The release of Ibuprofen in this formulation was 75% at 42.52min.Conclusion: Comparison of all formulations showed no significant difference in most parameters (P>0.05) excepting the formulation with Tween80 and b-cyclodextrin which showed a significant differences (P< 0.05) in drug release.

Introduction: The present study aimed to compare the effects of paracetamol and ibuprofen on pain, bleeding, nausea, and vomiting following adenotonsillectomy in children. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Block randomization was used to assign 50 patients to two groups of paracetamol and ibuprofen. In the paracetamol group, subjects received 15 mg/kg oral paracetamol 30 minutes before the induction of anesthesia, followed by the same dosage every 6 hours postoperatively. Meanwhile, the ibuprofen-treated group took 10 mg/kg oral ibuprofen 30 minutes before and every 6 hours after the operation. The subjects in both groups received the medication for three postoperative days. The postoperative pain score was assessed 6 hours after the surgery and during the second and the third postoperative days. Nausea and vomiting episodes were recorded in the first postoperative day and first postoperative week. Results: Based on the results, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in both groups was not significantly different. The mean score of pain in the first postoperative day (6 hours after the surgery) and the second and the third postoperative days did not show any statistical difference. The ibuprofen group experienced fewer vomiting episodes, compared to the paracetamol group during the first postoperative day (P=0. 011). Vomiting episodes in the first postoperative week did not illustrate any significant difference. Conclusion: As evidenced by the results of the current study, Ibuprofen had the same effect on the alleviation of postoperative pain, caused fewer vomiting episodes, and did not cause excessive bleeding as an NSAID. Therefore, oral administration of ibuprofen is suggested for pain relief and management of other complications following adenotonsillectomy in children.

Microencapsulation has become a common technique in the production of controlled release dosage forms. Many results have been reported, concerning the use of alginate beads as controlled release drug formulations. Alginate has a unique gel-forming property in the presence of multivalent cations, in an aqueous medium. Ibuprofen is an excellent analgesic and antipyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with a high therapeutic index. Formulation of ibuprofen in beads could reduce its gastric ulcerogenicity. Hence, in this study the formation of Ca-alginate ibuprofen beads, through ionotropic gelation has been investigated.For this purpose, different cross-linking agents including: Ca2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, CO2+, Sn2+and Pb2+, were used for bead preparation. Next, characterization of the beads, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency of ibuprofen within the beads, the bead swelling and the drug release kinetic were investigated.Results showed that only Ca ion is suitable for the formation of ibuprofen beads. A good swelling profile for beads in phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) and the lack of swelling in hydrochloric acid (pH= 1.2), show the suitable nature of the beads. In addition, formulation of Na-alginate (2%) and Ca-chloride (2%) beads, resulted in an encapsulation efficacy of around 90%. The drug release studies showed a rapid and complete ibuprofen release from the beads, specially those prepared from Na-alginate (2%) and Ca-chloride (2%), in phosphate buffer medium.However, no detectable drug release was observed within the acidic medium. In conclusion, ibuprofen is capable of being n be microencapsulated as a bead formulation, with suitable properties and release profile.