INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN RESEARCH IN MANAGEMENT AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING | Year:2015 | دوره:1 |Papers Count:28

TARGET COSTING (TC) IS DEFINED AS A SYSTEMATIC PROCESS OF MANAGING PRODUCT COSTS DURING THE DESIGN STAGE OF A NEW PRODUCT, ESTABLISHING MARKET SALES PRICES, AND TARGET PROFIT MARGINS AS WELL AS REDUCING THE OVERALL COST OF THE PRODUCTS OVER THEIR LIFE CYCLES. HOWEVER, MOST STUDIES DO NOT EXAMINE SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF TC SYSTEMS FOR MANUFACTURING FIRMS, AND CONSEQUENTLY EXCLUDE SERVICE FIRMS FROM THEIR SURVEYS AND ANALYSIS. FURTHERMORE, THEY DO NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT AN UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENT IN A TC SYSTEM. THIS PAPER TRIES TO OVERCOME THESE SHORTCOMINGS IN EXISTING RESEARCHES BY CONSIDERING SOME OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES OF REAL WORLD TC IN A NOVEL AND PRACTICAL TC MODEL UNDER AN UNCERTAIN ENVIRONMENT. TO FILL THESE RESEARCH GAPS, IN THIS PAPER, A TARGET COSTING SYSTEM IS ADOPTED FOR MAKING PRODUCTION-RELATED DECISION FOR A MANUFACTURING FIRM BY CONSIDERING THE OBTAINED VALUES IN THE PRODUCT AND ALSO THE NET PRESENT VALUE OF CASH FLOWS. AS THE DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENTS OF VARIABLES IN A TARGET COSTING INVOLVE VARYING DEGREES OF UNCERTAINTY AND AMBIGUITY, FUZZY SET THEORY AND MONTE CARLO METHOD ARE UTILIZED. THIS STUDY SHOWS THE IMPORTANCE OF ATTRIBUTES OF TC (NAMELY RELATIVE ADVANTAGE, COMPATIBILITY, EASE OF USE, RESULT DEMONSTRABILITY, TRIALABILITY) FOR DECISION MAKERS TO ADOPT AND IMPLEMENT SUCH COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INNOVATION. FINALLY, A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE AS A CASE STUDY IS INVESTIGATED TO DEMONSTRATE THE APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPOSED MODEL AND SOLUTION APPROACH. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE PROPOSED FUZZY TC CAN BE USEFUL AMONG THE MANUFACTURING AND SERVICE FIRMS.

NOWADAYS WITH INCREASING AWARENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE GREEN DEVELOPMENT IN ENTERPRISES, THE GREEN SUPPLIER SELECTION (GSS) IN SUPPLY CHAIN HAS BECOME AN IMPORTANT ISSUE FOR ALMOST EVERY MANUFACTURER IN FIRMS. WHILE THE WORKS ON EVALUATION AND SELECTION THE SUPPLIERS ARE ABUNDANT, BUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ARE RATHER LIMITED. IN THIS STUDY, WE EXAMINED MULTI ATTRIBUTE DECISION MAKING (MADM) PROBLEMS TO DETERMINE THE GREEN SUPPLIER AMONG THE GROUP OF SUPPLIERS AND RANKING THEM WITH ATTENTION TO ATTRIBUTES. ALSO THE FULL MULTIPLICATIVE FORM ADDED TO MOORA (MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION BY RATIO ANALYSIS) UNDER THE NAME OF MULTIMOORA IS DEVELOPED TO SOLVE THE CASE STUDY (LAPTOP MANUFACTURER IN MALAYSIA). ON THE OTHER SIDE, WE USED OBJECTIVE WEIGHTS BASED ON SHANNON ENTROPY FOR ATTRIBUTE’S WEIGHTING. IN THE NUMERICAL EXAMPLE WE HAVE TWO LEVELS FOR ATTRIBUTES, THE MAIN ATTRIBUTE AND SUB ATTRIBUTE THAT WEIGHT THEM BY USING OF AHP WEIGHTING METHOD. THE FINAL RESULTS SHOW THE AVERAGE RANK OF ALTERNATIVES FROM RATIO SYSTEM, REFERENCE POINT AND FULL MULTIPLICATIVE FORM.

IN THIS PAPER, WE DEVELOP A MIXED INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING (MILP) MODEL FOR AGGREGATE PRODUCTION PLANNING SYSTEM WITH PRODUCT RETURNS. THESE RETURNED PRODUCTS CAN EITHER BE DISPOSED OR BE REMANUFACTURED TO BE SOLD AS NEW ONES AGAIN; HENCE THE MARKET DEMANDS CAN BE SATISFIED BY EITHER NEWLY PRODUCED PRODUCTS OR REMANUFACTURED ONES. THE CAPACITIES OF PRODUCTION, DISPOSAL AND REMANUFACTURING ARE LIMITED. DUE TO NP-HARD CLASS OF APP, WE IMPLEMENT A SIMULATED ANNEALING (SA). ADDITIONALLY, TAGUCHI METHOD IS CONDUCTED TO CALIBRATE THE PARAMETER OF THE META-HEURISTICS AND SELECT THE OPTIMAL LEVELS OF THE ALGORITHM’S PERFORMANCE INFLUENTIAL FACTORS.

THIS PAPER DEVELOPS A MATHEMATICAL MODELING TO DESIGN A CELLULAR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM. IN ADDITION SOME OF THE TOTAL OR PORTION OF THE DEMAND OF THE PART TYPES CAN BE SUBCONTRACTED.. IN ORDER TO DESIGNING THE OPTIMAL CMS, WE NEEDS TO DETRMINED A PLAN TO PRODUCE AND SUBCONTRACT PARTS AT A MINIMUM COST AND TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF SUBCONTRACTING RISK.THUS WE PROPOSE A MIXED INTEGER PROGRAMMING APPROACH TO DECISION MAKING AND INCORPORATE SUBCONTRACTING RISK. TO CONTROL THE RISK OF SUB-CONTRACTING (COST), THE TWO POPULAR PERCENTILE MEASURES OF RISK ARE APPLIED: VALUE-AT-RISK AND CONDITIONAL VALUE-AT-RISK. THIS MODEL IS CAPABLE OF OPTIMIZING PRODUCTION COST OF PARTS AND CALCULATING VALUE-AT-RISK OF SUB-CONTRACTING COST SIMULTANEOUSLY. A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE IS SOLVED TO VERIFY THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PROPOSED MODEL.

WITH ONLY TWENTY FOUR HOURS TO COMPLETE RESPONSIBILITIES AT WORK AND HOME, WE NEED WAYS TO HELP BEAT THE CHALLENGES AND ROADBLOCKS. BY USING TIME MANAGEMENT WE WILL ACHIEVE THIS. USING TIME MANAGEMENT IN THE WORKPLACE ALLOWS MANAGERS TO PRIORITIZE ALL PROJECTS AND DAILY TASKS BY RANKING THEM IN ORDER OF IMPORTANCE. THIS ENDS UP BEING A POETIZED LIST OR TO DO LIST. THIS WILL KEEP MANAGER AND EMPLOYEES FOCUSED ON A DAILY BASIS. ADJUSTING THE WAY TASKS ARE EXECUTED WILL SAVE TIME AND MINIMIZE PROCRASTINATION. DELEGATING TASKS TO THE MOST APPROPRIATE PERSON WILL REDUCE WASTED TIME FOR YOU AND OTHERS. HOWEVER, DEALING WITH THE SOURCES OF PROCRASTINATION WILL GO A LONG WAY TO MAKING YOU AN EFFECTIVE MANAGER OF TIME. THE ESSAY BELOW WILL POINT OUT THOSE ACTIVITIES THAT CAN RESULT IN LESS PRODUCTIVITY IN ORGANIZATIONS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT.

THE APPROPRIATE SELECTION OF CONTRACTORS IS ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE ORGANIZATIONS WHICH THEIR MAIN EXECUTIVE ACTIVITY TAKES PLACE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENTS. SO SELECTING AN INEFFICIENT CONTRACTOR LEADS TO SIGNIFICANT DAMAGES TO QUALITY, EXPENSE AND DURATION OF EXECUTING PROJECTS. THE PRESENT PAPER PRESENTS A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL IN KERMANSHAH GAS COMPANY WHICH IS ABLE TO SELECT AN OPTIMAL CONTRACTOR TO EXECUTE PROJECT CONSIDERING THE EFFECTIVE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE FACTORS IN THE EVALUATION OF CONTRACTORS.FIRSTLY, A DECISION MAKING GROUP WAS FORMED AND THE MOST EFFECTIVE CRITERIA (INCLUDING WORK EXPERIENCE, FINANCIAL SITUATION, ETC.) FOR SELECTING CONTRACTOR USING QUESTIONNAIRE WERE IDENTIFIED. THEN, TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE OPINION OF EXPERTS WHICH INCLUDE FIVE MEMBERS OF THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE, THE WEIGHT OF CRITERIA WAS DETERMINED IN A FUZZY AND CRISP WAY; WHICH BASED ON FUZZY WEIGHT AND CRISP WEIGHT, WORK EXPERIENCE, AND MACHINERY AND FACILITIES ACCOUNTED FOR THE MAXIMUM WEIGHT, RESPECTIVELY. IN FUZZY METHOD, WORK EXPERIENCE AND BASED ON THE CRISP WEIGHT OF MACHINERY AND FACILITIES, THEY ACCOUNTED FOR THE MAXIMUM WEIGHT.THEN FOUR CONTRACTORS PARTICIPATING IN TENDER WERE RANKED USING ELECTRE, TOPSIS AND FTOPSIS METHODS, WHICH NIL ABMOSTAHKAMGHARB COMPANY RANKED FIRST AT TOPSIS AND FTOPSISMETHOD, AND GHARBKOUSHA ARCHITECTURES CO. RANKED FIRST AT ELECTRE METHOD.IN THE END, AFTER PERFORMING FRIEDMAN TEST FOR DETECTING CONCORDANCE USING RANKS MEAN TECHNIQUE, THE FINAL RANKING OF CONTRACT COMPANIES WAS OBTAINED.

THIS STUDY HAVE BEEN MADE TO UNDERSTANDING FROM THE MARKETING SITUATION OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES KNOWLEDGE-BASED ACTIVITIES INSIDE OF THE COUNTRY AND WITH CASE STUDIES OF THREE MEGA-CITY NAMELY BANDAR ABBAS, SHIRAZ AND TEHRAN. IN ORDER TO ASSESS THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE MARKETING FIRMS WE PREPARE A QUESTIONNAIRE COMPOSED OF SEVEN QUESTIONS, INCLUDING FIVE OPTIONS QUESTIONS AND SEVEN EXPLANATORY QUESTIONS, THESE QUESTIONS ARE DESIGNED TO HAVE BEEN MEASURES THE MARKETING PROCESS WITH THE SEVEN BASIC QUESTIONS AT32 KNOWLEDGE BASED COMPANIES FROM THE COMMUNITY SAMPLED BY SATURATION. FOR STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, WAS USED CONTENT ANALYSIS METHOD. SOME IMPORTANT FINDINGS OF THE STUDY ARE: 1. TO PAY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE CUSTOMER AND THERE NEEDS WERE EVIDENT IN ALL STAGES OF MARKETING PROCESS 2. CHECK THE BEAHAVIER AND THOUGHTS OF CUSTOMERS AND DETERMINING MARKETING GOALS WAS BEEN MORE THROUGH FROM INTERACTION, POLL FORM AND STRONG RELATIONSHIPS WITH PERMANENT AND OLD CUSTOMERS3. IMPLEMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT OF MARKETING PROGRAMS, ACCORDING TO RESEARCH CONDUCTED, HAD WEAK EVALUATED, AND COMPANIES DOING PASSIVELY, BECAUSE THEIR PROGRAMS LIMITED TO REACTION AND CUSTOMER SASTISFACTION.4. COMPARATIVE STUDY SHOWS THAT THE USE OF GUERRILLA MARKETING AND DIRECT MARKETING IS MORE COMPATIBLE TO MARKETING OF NEW BORN KNOWLEDGE-BASED COMPANIES INSIDE OF COUNTRY.

IN THIS PAPER AN INTEGRATED DELIVERY AND PRODUCTION SCHEDULING PROBLEM FOR SERIAL MULTIFACTORY SUPPLY CHAIN IS ADDRESSED. CONSIDER A SUPPLY CHAIN SCHEDULING PROBLEM IN WHICH NUMBER OF JOBS SHOULD BE SCHEDULED ON SERIES OF FACTORIES AND DELIVERED TO DOWNSTREAM FACTORIES FOR PROCESSING AND FINALLY DELIVERED TO THE CUSTOMER. THE NUMBER OF JOBS IN DELIVERY BATCHES IS CONSTRAINED BY THE BATCH SIZE. THE HIGH DELIVERY COST IN MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS IS THE MAIN MOTIVATION OF INTEGRATION OF PRODUCTION AND DELIVERY SCHEDULING WHICH CONTAINS A MORE HOLISTIC VIEW OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN PROBLEM. SO CONSTITUTING BATCHES OF JOBS MAY REDUCE THE TRANSPORTATION COST BUT ON THE OTHER SIDE, IT MAY HAVE INCREMENTAL EFFECT ON THE TOTAL HOLDING COST. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO MINIMIZE THE SUM OF THE TOTAL HOLDING COST AND THE TOTAL TRANSPORTATION COSTS. THE PROBLEM IS NP-HARD. WE FORMULATE THE PROBLEM AS A MIXED INTEGER PROGRAMMING (MIP) MODEL. MOREOVER, IN THIS PAPER, A HEURISTIC AND TWO LOWER BOUNDS ARE PRESENTED. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THESE METHODS ARE INVESTIGATED THROUGH THE COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIMENTS.

CHANGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND TRYING TO ACHIEVE A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OR MAINTAINING A PROMINENT POSITION IN THE MARKET, MOTIVATES FIRMS TO PLAN MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES. IT BECAME TOO COMPLICATED TASK WHEN A FIRM EMPHASIZES TWO OR MORE COMPETITIVE PRIORITIES. IN THIS STUDY WE PROPOSE AN EXPERT SYSTEM WHICH CAN HELP IN STRATEGY SELECTION IN SUCH SITUATIONS. THIS SYSTEM ACQUIRES KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE PROBLEM AND LEARNS DIFFERENT STRATEGY. THUS THE SYSTEM BECOME ABLE TO MAKE DECISION FOR GIVEN SITUATION.

THIS PAPER INVESTIGATES THE INVENTORY ROUTING PROBLEM WHERE MULTIPLE CAPACITATED VEHICLES DISTRIBUTE PRODUCTS FROM MULTIPLE SUPPLIERS TO A SINGLE PLANT, AND THE FINAL PRODUCTS PRODUCED TO CUSTOMERS OVER A FINITE PLANNING HORIZON. THE DEMAND ASSOCIATED WITH EACH PRODUCT IS ASSUMED TO BE DETERMINISTIC AND TIME VARYING. IN THIS SUPPLY CHAIN, THE PRODUCTS ARE ASSUMED TO BE READY FOR COLLECTION AT THE SUPPLIER SITE WHEN THE VEHICLE ARRIVES. A TRANSSHIPMENT OPTION IS CONSIDERED AS A POSSIBLE SOLUTION TO INCREASE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN AND SHOWS THE IMPACT OF THIS SOLUTION ON THE ENVIRONMENT. A GREEN LOGISTIC ISSUE IS ALSO INCORPORATED INTO THE MODEL BY CONSIDERING THE INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TRANSPORTATION COST AND THE GREENHOUSEGAS EMISSION LEVEL. THE PROPOSED MODEL IS A MIXED-INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAM THAT SOLVED BY GAMS SOFTWARE AND THE RESULTS IS EXPLAINED. THE COMPUTATIONAL RESULTS SHOW THAT THE PROPOSED MODEL GENERATES HIGH QUALITY SCHEDULES IN A TIMELY FASHION.

EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS IS PERFORMED NOT ONLY TO ESTIMATE THE CURRENT LEVEL OF EFFICIENCY, BUT ALSO TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON HOW TO REMOVE INEFFICIENCY, THAT IS, TO OBTAIN BENCHMARKING INFORMATION.DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) WAS DEVELOPED IN ORDER TO SATISFY BOTH OBJECTIVES AND THE STRENGTH OF ITS BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS GIVES DEA A UNIQUE ADVANTAGE OVER OTHER METHODOLOGIES OF EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS. DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS IS AN EFFICIENCY ESTIMATION TECHNIQUE, BUT IT CAN BE USED FOR SOLVING MANY PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENT SUCH AS RANKING OF DMUS. RANKING DMUS IS AN IMPORTANT ISSUE IN DEA STUDIES. TRADITIONAL DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS MODELS DO NOT DEAL WITH IMPRECISE DATA AN ASSUME THAT THE DATA FOR ALL INPUTS AND OUTPUTS ARE KNOWN EXACTLY. IN REAL WORLD SITUATIONS, HOWEVER, THIS ASSUMPTION MAY NOT ALWAYS BE TRUE. THE MOTIVATION OF THIS STUDY IS TO DEVELOP A NEW FUZZY RANKING MODEL WITH UNDESIRABLE OUTPUTS. WE USE POSSIBILITY APPROACH IS CHOSEN TO CONVERT THE FUZZY MODEL TO A CRISP MODEL.

TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE OR TPM IS A PHILOSOPHY TO ENHANCE AN ORGANIZATION’S PRODUCTIVITY AND PRODUCE HIGH QUALITY GOODS BY MINIMIZING WASTE THEREBY REDUCING COSTS.TPM IS DESIGNED TO MAXIMIZE EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCY BY DETERMINING AN EXTENSIVE PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE SYSTEM COVERING THE WHOLE LIFE OF THE EQUIPMENT, EXTENDING ACROSS ALL EQUIPMENT-RELATED FIELDS AND WITH PARTICIPATION OF ALL EMPLOYEES FROM THE TOP MANAGEMENT TO THE SHOPFLOOR WORKERS, TO ADVANCE PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE THROUGH VOLUNTARY SMALL GROUP ACTIVITIES (TSUCHIYA 1992). MOST OF THE AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES ARE FOCUSING ON STRICT QUALITY STANDARDS IN THEIR PRODUCTION PROCESS AND IMPLEMENTING A QUALITY PROGRAM CALLED TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE. WITH THE FAST DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAINTENANCE, IT BECOMES CRITICAL TO SET UP A TPM EVALUATION CRITERIA SYSTEM. FUZZY ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS IS A NEW MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION METHOD EVOLVED FROM SAATY'S AHP. SO, THIS PAPER AIMED TO FIND OUT AND RANK THE KEY FACTORS AND OBSTACLES THAT AFFECT SUCCESS IN TPM IN GAS INDUSTRY USING FUZZY AHP APPROACH, AND GIVE AN EVALUATION METHOD FOR TPM IN ORDER TO HELP RESEARCHES AND MANAGERS TO DETERMINE THE DRAWBACKS AND OPPORTUNITIES.

DUE TO THE IMPORTANT APPLICATIONS IN TODAY'S WORLD SUCH AS MINING WEB PAGE TRAVERSAL SEQUENCES, USERS BEHAVIOR IN BUYING OR DISEASE TREATMENTS, MANY ALGORITHMS HAVE BEEN INTRODUCED IN THE AREA OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING OVER THE LAST DECADE, MOST OF WHICH HAVE ALSO BEEN MODIFIED TO SUPPORT BRIEF REPRESENTATIONS LIKE CLOSED, MAXIMAL, INCREMENTAL OR HIERARCHICAL SEQUENCES. THIS ARTICLE REVIEWS A NUMBER OF ALGORITHMS IN EACH CATEGORY AND PUTS THEM IN TAXONOMY OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING TECHNIQUES AS AN APPLICATION. THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES THESE ALGORITHMS BY INTRODUCING TAXONOMY FOR CLASSIFYING SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING ALGORITHMS BASED ON THEIR THEORETICAL FEATURES AND SAY ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE OF THEM. THIS CLASSIFICATION AIMS AT ENHANCING UNDERSTANDING OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING PROBLEMS, CURRENT STATUS OF PROVIDED SOLUTIONS, AND DIRECTION OF RESEARCH IN THIS AREA. THIS ARTICLE ALSO ATTEMPTS TO PROVIDE A COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MANY OF THE KEY TECHNIQUES IN TIME EXECUTION AND MEMORY USAGE.

CAPACITATED LOT-SIZING PROBLEM (CLSP) HAS RECEIVED AN INCREASED ATTENTION FROM THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY DUE TO ITS INHERENT APPLICABILITY TO REAL-WORLD PROBLEMS. THIS PAPER PROPOSES A NEW MIXED INTEGER PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR MULTI-ITEM CAPACITATED LOT-SIZING PROBLEM (MCLSP) WITH BACKLOGGING, LOST SALES, SAFETY STOCKS, DEMAND SHORTAGES AND OUTSOURCING IN A CLOSED LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN. THE AIM OF THIS PAPER IS TO HIGHLIGHT, ONCE MORE, THE POWERFULNESS OF HOW THE MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF THE CAPACITATED LOT SIZING PROBLEM CAN BE EASILY ADAPTED TO SOLVE FURTHER PRACTICAL CLOSED LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN APPLICATIONS ESPECIALLY RELATED TO MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT.MATHEMATICAL FORMULATIONS AND COMPUTATIONAL EXPERIENCES OF SOLVING THE PROPOSED MODEL WITH LINGO SOLVER WILL BE PROVIDED TO SUPPORT THESE STATEMENTS.

STRATEGIC THINKING AS ONE OF KEY FACTORS IS KNOWN IN EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT. TODAY, HAVING HIGH STRATEGIC-THINKING MANAGEMENT IS BASICALLY NEEDED FOR ORGANIZATIONS WHICH ARE COMPETING TO BE OUTSTANDING AND DEVELOPED. AND IT SEEMS THAT PRESENCE OF STRATEGIC THINKING IN MANAGERS COMPILING PROGRAM IS NECESSARY IN ORGANIZATION TO COMPILE AND PERFORM STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT. SO, EVALUATING STRATEGIC THINKING AS ONE OF KEY FACTORS IN EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PROCESS NEEDS TO MORE ATTENTION. THIS RESEARCH AIMS TO EVALUATE STRATEGIC THINKING IN ZAHEDAN SISTAN AND BALOOCHESTAN UNIVERSITY BASED ON JEAN LIDCA’S MODEL. THE RESEARCH IS PERFORMED BY DESCRIPTIVE AND MEASURING METHODOLOGY, STRATEGIC THINKING IN UNIVERSITY AND BY 100 MANAGERS, SUPERVISORS AND EXPERTS OF UNIVERSITY WHO ARE SELECTED BY RANDOM SAMPLING AND IS EVALUATED BY STRATEGIC THINKING QUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON JEAN LIDCA’S MODEL. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT POSITION OF USING STRATEGIC THINKING IN UNIVERSITY IS UP TO AVERAGE LEVEL. ELEMENT OF HYPOTHESIZING AND SEEKING OPPORTUNITY IS IN LEAST RATE AND ELEMENT OF EMPHASIZING ON GOAL IS IN THE MOST RATE AMONG OTHER ELEMENTS. FINALLY, REGARDING RESEARCH FINDINGS SOME SUGGESTIONS ARE PRESENTED.

IN THE AGE OF CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION, KNOWLEDGE IS CONSIDERED THE MOST STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT RESOURCE AND LEARNING THE MOST STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT CAPABILITY FOR INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND AS A RESULT, SOCIETIES AND COUNTRIES. CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN ORDER TO SOLVE ILL-STRUCTURED AND FUZZY PROBLEMS WILL CREATE NEW KNOWLEDGE. KNOWLEDGE CREATION IS COGNITIVE, RATIONAL, IRRATIONAL AND EMOTIONAL ACTIVITY THAT ARE DONE BY HUMAN'S MINDS. ALTHOUGH, KNOWLEDGE IS A HUMANISM HERITAGE, BUT IT CREATED BY INDIVIDUAL.THEREFORE, INDIVIDUALS, AND THEN ORGANIZATIONS DO THE FOUR ACTIVITIES OF ACQUIRING, EXPLOITING, CREATING AND ACCUMULATING OF KNOWLEDGE. THEREFORE, IN ALL THESE STAGES, THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE WILL TRANSLATE EACH OTHER. IN THIS ARTICLE, I WILL DESCRIBE INTEGRATING AND CREATING KNOWLEDGE BASED ON SOFT SYSTEMS METHODOLOGY.

THE INCREASING COSTS FOR EMITTING CARBON ARE MEANT TO BE STIMULATION FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY BUSINESS PROCESSES. SHAREHOLDERS WILL HAVE TO DEAL WITH THIS REALITY. MORE AND MORE INVESTORS DEMAND THAT COMPANIES DEFINE THEIR CARBON EXPOSURE AND THE RISKS THEY FACE DUE TO ASSOCIATED REGULATIONS. THESE REGULATIONS COME WITH UNCERTAINTY. THE ROLE OF BUSINESS IN THE CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE IS ADDRESSED IN DIFFERENT WAYS WORLDWIDE. NOWADAYS, CLIMATE CHANGE IS CONSIDERED AN IMPORTANT ISSUE IN MANY OF SOCIETY’S DOMAINS. IN THIS PAPER, A BRIEF DISCUSSION ABOUT THE RELATION BETWEEN CARBON EXPOSURE AND SHAREHOLDER VALUE IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT WILL BE PRESENTED.

THE PRODUCTION PLANNING PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN REAL- LIFE SITUATIONS ARE GENERALLY INTRACTABLE DUE TO A NUMBER OF PRACTICAL CONSTRAINTS. THE DECISION MAKER HAS TO FIND A GOOD FEASIBLE SOLUTION IN A REASONABLE EXECUTION TIME RATHER THAN AN OPTIMAL ONE. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO SATISFY THE REQUIREMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION PLAN WITH MINIMUM COSTS OVER A MULTI-PERIOD PLANNING HORIZON. THIS PAPER PROPOSES A NEW MIXED INTEGER PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR MULTI-ITEM CAPACITATED LOT-SIZING PROBLEM WITH SETUP TIMES, SAFETY STOCK AND DEMAND SHORTAGES. THE PROBLEM IS NP-HARD AND TO SOLVE IT, A HARMONY SEARCH (HS) APPROACH IS USED. TO VERIFY AND VALIDATE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE HS ALGORITHM, THE RESULTS ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE OF THE LINGO 8 SOFTWARE. RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE HS ALGORITHM HAVE GOOD ABILITY OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM, ESPECIALLY IN THE CASE OF LARGE AND MEDIUM-SIZED PROBLEMS FOR WHICH LINGO 8 CANNOT PRODUCE SOLUTIONS.

TOURISM INDUSTRY HAS GOT A VERY GOOD POSITION IN THE GLOBAL LEVEL AND IS THE THIRD JOB AND CAPITAL GENERATING INSTRUMENT AFTER THE OIL INDUSTRY AND THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY. THIS INDUSTRY HAS ALSO CAUSED THE WIDESPREAD INCOME AND THE CLOSENESS OF NATIONS AND CULTURES TO EACH OTHER. THE CAPABILITIES OF TOURISM INDUSTRY HAS MADE EVERYONE BELIEVE THAT THIS INDUSTRY IS SHORTCUT FOR THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND PRODUCING WEALTH IN INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY, PARTICULARLY FOR THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INCLUDING IRAN WHICH IS CONFRONTED WITH PROBLEMS SUCH AS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, LIMITED FINANCIAL RESOURCES AND SINGLE-PRODUCT ECONOMY, AND ALSO RICH IN NATURAL SCENIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, HISTORICAL, AND ENTERTAINMENT PILGRIMAGE, IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE.ACCORDING TO WHAT HAS BEEN SAID, THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES THE ROLE OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE FREE ZONE.THE RESEARCH METHOD IS DESCRIPTIVE AND THE STATISTICAL POPULATION IS COMPRISED OF THE STAFF OF THE FREE ZONE, FROM AMONG WHICH 400 WERE SELECTED THROUGH RANDOM SAMPLING. A QUESTIONNAIRE WAS USED TO COLLECT THE DATA, AND PEARSON AND SPEARMAN CORRELATIONS WERE USED TO ANALYZE THE DATA.THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.

THE CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP STANDS FOR “THE ACT OF BEING AN ENTREPRENEUR”. TODAY, INDIVIDUALS HAVING THE SPIRIT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SOCIETY MUST REALIZE THEMSELVES IN ORDER FOR A REGION OR COUNTRY TO DEVELOP IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TERMS. AN INCREASE IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IMPLIES AN INCREASE IN COMPETITION, INNOVATION, QUALITY, EFFICIENCY, AND ACCELERATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. THE CONCEPT OF STRATEGY THAT WAS STARTED TO BE USED IN SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT IN TIME CAN BE DEFINED NOT ONLY AS “THE WAYS TO FOLLOW TO REACH THE PURPOSE OF AN ORGANIZATION” BUT ALSO AS COMPOSITION OF FINAL RESULT ORIENTED, LONG TERM AND DYNAMIC DECISIONS DETERMINED TO REACH A PURPOSE BY EXAMINING THE ACTIVITIES OF RIVALS. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IS A MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE USED IN TAKING DECISIONS FOR THE FUTURE IN AN ORGANIZATION AND IT HAS SOME BASIC CHARACTERISTICS. STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS BASED ON THE INTEGRATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT. STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS A NEW APPROACH IN MANAGEMENT LITERATURE.MOREOVER, TODAY'S BUSINESS WORLD REQUIRES AN ORIENTATION TOWARDS STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP. STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS ALSO A NECESSITY FOR COMPANIES TO CREATE MAXIMUM WEALTH. IN THIS STUDY, STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP THAT IS THE INTERSECTION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IS ANALYZED.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ARE CHANGED WITH THE EMERGENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THUS THE APPLICATION OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS. THIS CAN BE EFFECTIVE IF FIRST WE KNOW THE ACTIVITIES WHICH CAN BE DONE BY THE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS, AND THEN TRY TO PROVIDE THE BACKGROUND FOR THESE ACTIVITIES. SUBSEQUENTLY, THE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT WILL BE FAMILIAR WITH THE NEW REQUIREMENTS IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO IMPROVE THE HUMAN RESOURCE PERFORMANCE IN THE ORGANIZATION THROUGH THE CAPACITIES WHICH THESE INFORMATION SYSTEMS CAN MAKE. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND HUMAN RESOURCES PERFORMANCE ARE PRESENTED IN THIS PAPER AND THEN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THESE TWO FACTORS IS EVALUATED AND IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS ROLE HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED AS WELL AS THEIR APPLICATIONS FOR BETTER HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE. THIS RESEARCH, WHICH IS CONDUCTED IN THIS REGARD, IS DESCRIPTIVE AND CORRELATIVE. THE OBTAINED RESULTS ARE FROM LIBRARY AND FIELD STUDIES AND THE STATISTICAL POPULATION IS COMPOSED OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT STAFFS IN KHUZESTAN STEEL COMPANY.

SUPPLIER SELECTION PROBLEM IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES OF PURCHASING MANAGERS IN A SUPPLY CHAIN. IN THIS PAPER, SUPPLIER SELECTION PROBLEM HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED WITH REGARD TO CURRENCY FLUCTUATION AND PRICE DISCOUNTS. AND FOR THIS PURPOSE, A MULTI-OBJECTIVE MODEL IS PROVIDED THAT INCLUDES MINIMIZATION OF SUPPLIER MANAGEMENT COSTS, PURCHASE PRICE, TRANSPORTATION COST, COST OF QUALITY CONTROL, AND DEFECTIVE RATES. THE PROPOSED MODEL IS CAPABLE OF OPTIMIZING THE SUPPLY COSTS, DEFECTIVE RATES. IN ORDER TO VALIDATE THE PROPOSED MODEL, NUMERICAL EXAMPLES ARE PRESENTED AND SOME COMPUTATIONAL RESULTS ARE REPORTED.

THE MULTI-LEVEL CAPACITATED LOT-SIZING PROBLEM WITH LINKED LOT SIZES (MLCLSP-L) IS THE PROBLEM OF DETERMINING PRODUCTION QUANTITIES IN MULTI-STAGE PRODUCTION SETTINGS, SUCH THAT THE SUM OF SETUP AND HOLDING COSTS IS MINIMIZED. THE MULTI-LEVEL CAPACITATED LOT-SIZING PROBLEM (MLCLSP) DOES NOT CONSIDER ANY SETUP CARRYOVER BETWEEN TWO SUCCESSIVE PERIODS. AS AN EXTENSION, THE MLCLSP-L FOR SHORT ALLOWS THE SETUP STATE OF A RESOURCE TO BE CARRIED OVER FROM THE CURRENT PERIOD TO THE NEXT PERIOD. IN THIS PAPER, WE DEVELOP AND SOLVE THE MLCLSPL BY A REAL-WORLD PROBLEM THAT ARISES IN PRODUCTION. HERE, THE MLCLSP-L IS EXTENDED TO INCLUDE RESOURCE AND STOCK CAPACITY CONSTRAINT, SHORTAGES BACKLOGGING AND LOST SALES, OUTSOURCING AND FUZZY DEMANDS. ALSO, WE USED DELGADO ET AL. (1998) APPROACH TO CONVERT FUZZY DEMANDS INTO CRISP DEMANDS. THE AIM IS MINIMIZING SUM OF INVENTORY HOLDING COSTS, OVERTIME COSTS OF RESOURCE, SETUP COSTS, OUTSOURCING COSTS, SHORTAGES BACKLOGGING AND LOST SALES COSTS. FINALLY WE IMPLEMENT LINGO SOFTWARE TO SOLVING THIS MODEL.

IN THIS ARTICLE, THE ASPECTS AND THE WHOLE DISCUSSIONS RELATING TO THE PARAMOUNT AND IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITY ENTITLED GOVERNANCE FOR ISLAMIC NATIONS HAS BEEN EXAMINED.THESE ASPECTS ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE GENERAL CATEGORIES: 1- ECONOMIC RELATIONS 2. POLITIC RELATIONS 3. SOCIAL RELATIONS. IF THESE RELATIONS BE EXECUTED BY GOVERNMENT IN A DESIRED WAY, ALL AFFAIRS OF THE SOCIETY WILL BE PURIFIED AND THE PEOPLE OF SOCIETY IN AN ABSOLUTE COMFORT AND COMPLETE SATISFACTION CONTINUE THEIR LIVES.

THIS PAPER CONSIDERS A FIXED-CHARGE TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM (FCTP). IN MOST REAL WORLD APPLICATION AND PROBLEMS, A HOMOGENEOUS PRODUCT IS CARRIED FROM AN ORIGIN TO A DESTINATION USING DIFFERENT TRANSPORTATION MODES (E.G., ROAD, AIR, RAIL AND WATER). THIS PAPER INVESTIGATES A FIXED CHARGE SOLID TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM (FCSTP) UNDER A FUZZY ENVIRONMENT, IN WHICH THE BOTH DIRECT AND FIXED COSTS ARE SUPPOSED TO BE FUZZY NUMBERS. TO SOLVE SUCH A HARD PROBLEM, TWO META-HEURISTIC ALGORITHMS, NAMELY IMPERIALIST COMPETITIVE ALGORITHM (ICA) AND SIMULATED ANNEALING (SA), ARE UTILIZED. TO TUNE UP THEIR PARAMETERS, VARIOUS PROBLEM SIZES ARE GENERATED AT RANDOM AND THEN A ROBUST CALIBRATION IS APPLIED TO THE PARAMETERS USING THE TAGUCHI METHOD. THEN, COMPUTATIONAL RESULTS ARE PRESENTED AND ANALYZED.

IN THIS SURVEY, WE HAVE EXAMINED THE VIEWPOINTS OF THE MANAGERS AND EMPLOYEES (33 MANAGERS AND 180 EMPLOYEES) WITH TOSEE CREDIT INSTITUTION BRANCHES TO ANALYZE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGERIAL MOTIVATION OF MANAGERS (7 COMPONENTS) AND ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH. THE SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED BY USING MINER SENTENCES COMPLETION SCALE (MSCS) AND ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH DESCRIPTION QUESTIONNAIRE. DATA ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED BY USING SPEARMAN CORRELATION COEFFICIENT AND SPSS SOFTWARE. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT, WITH 95 PERCENT CONFIDENCE, THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANAGERS’ MANAGERIAL MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH IN THE BRANCHES OF TOSEE CREDIT INSTITUTION. UNLIKE THE MANAGERS’ AUTHORITATIVE PERSONALITY, CREATING A COMPETITIVE SITUATION AS WELL AS PLAYING COMPETITIVE GAMES AND DOING ROUTINE ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS BY MANAGERS HAVE A NEGATIVE CORRELATION WITH ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH. IN ADDITION, THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP OF MANAGERS’ ASSERTIVE ROLE, IMPOSING WISHES AND STANDING OUT FROM GROUP (EMPLOYEES) WITH ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH.

INDEX TRACKING IS AN INVESTMENT STRATEGY AIMED TO REPLICATE THE PERFORMANCE OF A PARTICULAR FINANCIAL MARKET WHICH IS USUALLY SHOWN BY A SPECIFIC INDEX. THE STRATEGY BECOME MORE POPULAR IN RECENT YEARS, AS A ROBUST AND SUSTAINABLE ONE WITH A LOWER MANAGEMENT AND TRANSACTION COST IN COMPARISON TO SPECULATIONS AND ACTIVE INVESTMENTS. THIS PAPER EXTRACTED SOME BASIC FEATURES OF THE FINANCIAL TIME SERIES IN ORDER TO CLUSTER STOCKS AND MAKE AN INDEX FUND (TRACKING PORTFOLIO) TO TRACK NASDAQ100 INDEX. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME OF USING FUZZY CLUSTERING METHODS FOR INDEX TRACKING, WHICH TRIGGER US TO FILL THIS GAP OF LITERATURE.IN THIS PAPER WE PROPOSED A NEW WAY OF WEIGHTING TO SELECTED STOCKS FOR INDEX FUND BASED ON EACH STOCK MEMBERSHIP DEGREE IN EACH CLUSTER. AT LAST, THE NEW FUZZY MODEL WAS COMPARED WITH AN INTEGER OR MODEL, OUR MODEL HIGHLY REDUCED THE RUNNING TIME OF THE MODEL COMPARED TO OR MODEL, ALTHOUGH ITS ERROR IS MORE THAN THE OR MODEL. THE ADVANTAGE OF REDUCING TIME COST SHOWS ITSELF IN A LARGER MARKETS WHICH CONSISTS OF THOUSANDS OF STOCKS.

WHEN THE OBJECTIVE IS QUICK DETECTION BOTH SMALL AND LARGE SHIFTS IN THE PROCESS MEAN WITH NORMAL DISTRIBUTION, THE GENERALIZED LIKELIHOOD RATIO CONTROL CHARTS HAVE BETTER PERFORMANCE AS COMPARED TO OTHER CONTROL CHARTS. ONLY THE FIXED PARAMETERS ARE USED IN REYNOLDS AND LOU’S PRESENTED CHARTS. ACCORDING TO THE STUDIES, USING VARIABLE PARAMETERS, DETECT PROCESS SHIFTS FASTER THAN FIXED PARAMETER CONTROL CHART. IN THIS PAPER, THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ADAPTIVE GLR CHART IS EVALUATED., IT IS SHOWN THAT THE VARIABLE SAMPLING SIZE AND SAMPLING INTERVAL IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN THE OTHER ADAPTIVE GLR CONTROL CHARTS IN DETECTING SMALL PROCESS MEAN SHIFTS.