INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN SCIENCES | Year:2023 | دوره:3 |Papers Count:15

One of the key areas in pharmaceuticals is the precise targeting of drugs to selected cells or tissues. Drug targeting systems must control the fate of the drug entering the body. Today's delivery technologies are numerous, with the so-called "magic bullet" scheme proposed by Paul Ehrlich at the beginning of the 20th century, in which the drug is delivered precisely to the target. Nano drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are categories of nanomaterials that increase the stability and solubility of drugs in water, prolong the cycle time, increase the absorption rate of target cells or tissues, and reduce enzymes, thus improving safety. And drug efficacy NDDS can be administered through existing routes including inhalation, oral administration or intravenous injection and remains better bioavailability. Nanoparticles are classified as nanoparticles with a diameter between 10 and 100 nm. During the design of nanoparticles, some controls such as release patterns and surface properties should be taken into account, which, with an appropriate dosing scheme, determine the activation of specific sites at optimal rates. Many new carriers have been registered for implants in the last ten years, including nanosomes, nanophytosomes, nanoemulsions, transferosomes, and autosomes. The aim of this study is to synthesize various newly developed technologies for drug delivery of herbal medicines to improve therapeutic response.

Due to the increase in environmental problems in recent years, the efforts to expand and develop bioactive compounds with biological capabilities have been greatly increased. Plants have stored significant amounts of these biological compounds. The purpose of this study is to investigate the amount of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Ferula assafoetida gum by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The results showed that the highest amount of total phenol and flavonoid was obtained by the aqueous extract. Also, the results of the antioxidant activity showed that the methanolic extract had more antioxidant properties compared to the aqueous extract, so that the highest antioxidant percentage was observed at the concentration of 300 μ, g/ml of the methanolic extract at the rate of 90. 7%. In general, the results of this study showed that the type of solvent and extraction method have a significant effect on the amount of biological compounds and antioxidant effects. Different extracts of Ferula assafoetida, having high biological compounds and suitable antioxidant activity, can be used as a promising source in health and therapeutic products.

Uranium enrichment can be considered the heart of the nuclear fuel cycle. Countries with uranium enrichment technology have faced many difficulties in developing this technology. Due to the confidentiality of nuclear information in each country and the impossibility of transferring knowledge and technology in this field, gaining their experiences in the field of nuclear technology development and solving their puzzles in the nuclear industry, provides valuable information for benchmarking to planners in this field. Therefore, in this study, the problems of developing uranium enrichment technology have been investigated and based on that, the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) has been estimated. The obtained data have been analyzed based on two indicators of "knowledge area" and "experience and expertise" in three subjects of technical problem, natural disaster and industrial sabotage for three countries, Japan, Pakistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran, respectively. The present study showed that sufficient attention and accuracy to the stages of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) from a technical point of view and taking the necessary measures to deal with natural and man-made disasters is of particular importance in the enrichment industry. Also, considering the importance of the enrichment stage in the nuclear fuel production cycle and considering the necessity of self-reliance and ensuring stable fuel, in a macro view, the determination of the relevant authorities in self-reliance in the field of enrichment can be considered as the main drivers to overcome the existing problems in the development of uranium enrichment technology.

Turmeric, with the scientific name Curcuma longa L., is a herbaceous and perennial plant from the Zingiberaceae family that grows in tropical areas. Turmeric has secondary phenolic metabolites and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to measure the presence of curcuminoid structures and the antioxidant properties of turmeric extract. For this purpose, curcuminoid structure of turmeric extract was evaluated using phytochemical tests (total phenol and total flavonoid) to determine secondary metabolites, determination of antioxidant inhibitory activity (DPPH) and visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis) analysis. Examining the results obtained from the phytochemical test shows the presence of phenolic compounds (3. 81 ±,0. 36 mg of gallic acid) and flavonoid compounds (92. 75 ±,3. 62 mg of quercetin) and the UV findings of the presence of curcuminoid in the ethanolic extract. confirms The results of DPPH analysis show the dependence of the free radical inhibitory property on different concentrations of turmeric extract, with the increase in concentration, the amount of DPPH also increases, so that the highest inhibitory rate of 56. 99% was observed at a concentration of 200 μ, g/ml of the extract. The results of the present study showed that the ethanol extract of turmeric has curcuminoid compounds and the structure of this compound is preserved during the synthesis method, and the ethanol extraction method is a suitable method for preparing curcumin from turmeric.

Today, social networking sites not only serve as a platform for sharing information and ideas, but also contribute to economic growth and public welfare in many ways. Discovering information dissemination patterns in social networks has many applications in our daily life in various fields such as public health, political analysis, economics and marketing. Hence the problem of maximizing influence with the aim of discovering the best small subset of users who influence others in the network,It is important. In this article, the combination of two meta-heuristic algorithms of artificial bee colony and particle swarm is used to solve this problem. In this method, the particle swarm algorithm is used to create local solutions and update the initial population in the bee colony algorithm. Answers that, after updating, do not have any improvement by the number of a predetermined value called trial index,They are updated with new answers. By implementing the proposed method a certain number of times, on two specific data sets and comparing it with refrigeration simulation methods, we obtained improved genetics and particle swarm, improvement in the number of activated nodes and the amount of information dissemination in the social network graph.

Silk fibroin protein (SFP) has become an attractive option for biomedical applications due to its low cost, controllable biodegradability facilitates, unique mechanical properties, and high abundance. For all these applications,it needs to be extracted from its sources. In this study, we used an optimized solvent system to extract SFP from Bombyx mori silk cocoons, and then the optical properties and quality of the extracted protein were evaluated by UV-Vis and SDS-PAGE analysis. Based on the results obtained, the presence of a maximum absorption peak in the range of 273 nm confirmed the presence of SFP. Also, by analyzing the prominent bands formed on the SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide gel and comparing it with the protein ladder, the presence of SFP in the solution was confirmed. These results can indicate the success of the method used in the solubilization and regeneration of SFP in the present study.

Today, Acinetobacter, which is an opportunistic pathogen and is considered one of the most important causes of hospital infections, can cause a wide range of infections such as pneumonia and septicemia, and are resistant to most classes of antibiotics. Recently, the use of secreted substances of probiotic bacteria as an inhibitor and antibacterial has been noticed. This study was aimed at determining the antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum against Acinetobacter baumannii common in hospital infections. After collecting and cultivating the bacterial strains, the toxin was purified from Lactobacillus plantrum by ammonium sulfate salt and the antibacterial effect of the toxin was evaluated after vertical electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The result of vertical gel electrophoresis showed a single protein band with a molecular weight of 25 KD indicates the correctness of the purification process of Lactobacillus plantrum toxin and the absence of any impurities after purification. Finally, the result of the antibacterial activity of the toxin showed the greatest effect at a concentration of 10 mg/ml and the least effect at a concentration of 2. 5 mg/ml on Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria, as a result of this antibacterial property is concentration dependent. Therefore, according to the promising results, this toxin can be an alternative strategy against the infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria.

Energy, food and water supply are the most challenging demands in modern and developing societies. Microbial desalination cell technology is a promising technology which can perform saltwater desalination, electricity generation and wastewater treatment simultaneously. Various factors influence overall performance of MDC technology which is significantly dominated by inoculum composition in mutual interaction to other factors. Bacterial metabolism is inhibited due to salt stress occurs during system operation and desalination process, which in a challenging limitation in scaling up such technology. In this paper inoclum of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Escherichia coli pure culture have been compared to co-cultured system, and the OCV and desalination efficiency have been evaluated on a basic three-chambered MDC equipped with an air cathode fed sodium lactate and sodium acetate as anolyte.

The Caspian Sea is one of the most polluted aquatic ecosystems in the world, currently surrounded by five countries including Iran, Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan with Iran located on the southern side. Considering the important features of the Caspian Sea and the adverse effects of water pollution on them, the present research mainly aims at determining the physical, chemical and biological features of the southern coast waters of the Caspian Sea in Gilan province, identification of its pollutants and finding ways to reduce pollution of the Caspian Sea. Water analysis for the southern coast of the Caspian Sea in Gilan province shows these variation ranges: 7-9. 95 for pH, 2-12. 8 mg / L for DO, 100-18116 mg / L for TDC, 3-8243 mg / L for TSS, 0. 01-4. 05 mg / L for N-NH4, 0. 01-2. 43 mg / L for N-NO3, 0. 001-0. 82 mg / L for N-NO2, 0. 01-0. 62 mg / L for TPO4, 0. 073-5. 65 g / L for chlorine, 3-46 x 10 6 MPN/100cc for total coliforms and 0. 21-13. 51 for salinity. Based on the studies conducted, from the Mordabroud in Astara to Hachin rood in Chaboksar, all the rivers entering the Caspian Sea are polluted. In addition, Siahrood and Goharroud rivers are the most polluted ones in Gilan province, continuously entering huge amounts of pollutants into the Caspian Sea. Many water pollutant industries in Gilan province such as Rudbar Leather Factory, Ganje Roodbar oil Factory, Chokka, Anzali Slaughter house, Foumanat Spinning and weaving industry, Pars Chinaware factory, Nik Noohs, Zamzam, Gilan meat products, Gilan spinning industry, Sobhan Pharmaceutical company, Iran Poplin And Fiber Iran enter their sewage into the Caspian Sea directly or through rivers and other waterways. Water pollution of the Caspian Sea includes chemical pollution (caused by different kinds of the wastewater, wastes, petroleum materials and their derivatives), microbial pollution (due to agricultural and industrial activities or sea water advancement) and physical pollution (resulting from construction of bridges, dams, waterfalls, soil erosion, using of agricultural water pumps and cooling installations and radioactive substances). Now the water quality of the Caspian Sea and its rivers has been deteriorated so that it is insalubrious for humans and aquatics.

Decreasing fossil fuel resources, increasing energy demand, dangers caused by greenhouse effects and climatic changes are the most important reasons for replacing fossil fuels with renewable biofuels, including single-celled microalgae. Microalgae as photosynthesizing organisms, are one of the best options for the production of renewable biofuels due to the non-dependence of production on the seasons, high reproduction speed and low water requirement. In this article, while examining the production of biofuels based on microalgae suitable for environmental conditions, their economic efficiency and compatibility with nature have also been discussed. Microalgae such as Spirulina, in addition to having large amounts of protein, lipids and carbohydrates in its cell structure, are also easily possible for the stages of cultivation, harvesting, drying and extraction to biofuels product. So due to this production from microalgae, attention to economic efficiency and choosing the right strain to increase efficiency can be helped by genetic and metabolic engineering especially which can increased the yield by increasing the lipid content of microalgae. In this article, while presenting the scientific advances and practical solutions that have been carried out during the last decade, the future solutions in the construction of such technology have also been discussed.

Despite the many advances in diagnosis and treatment, cancer is still one of the most common causes of death in the world. During the research, it was found that in addition to environmental and genetic factors, epigenetic factors will also be effective in causing cancer. In the research conducted in the last decade, researchers concluded that microRNAs are a group of RNAs that do not have the ability to code, and are closely related to various diseases, including cancer, which can bring us closer to cancer treatment. In this review, various aspects of cancer and treatment with the help of microRNA were examined in various scientific databases and prestigious scientific journals of the country and the world. MicroRNAs are small, single-stranded with 25-18 nucleotides in length, which are non-coding, and often after the transcription process act in the negative regulation of gene expression. Some microRNA targets several thousands of molecules that can play a role in cancer diagnosis and treatment. About 70% of gene expression is under the regulation control of these microRNAs. MicroRNAs play a role in many cellular processes, the most important of which are cell proliferation and programmed death. This review has examined the advances made by mankind in the past few decades in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Many long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have found in recent years, and growing evidence suggests that lncRNAs play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes, including gene expression control and Xchromosome inactivation[1], [2]. As a result, lncRNA malfunction and mutations are linked to a wide range of disorders, including breast cancer, leukemia, and many others[3], [2]. The development of powerful computational models for the identification of purported disease-related lncRNAs would help biomarker identification and drug discovery for human disease diagnosis, therapy, prognosis, and prevention[3]. As a computational graph analysis tool, link prediction can help us get new perspectives into the network. In this paper, we studied computational link prediction approaches to predict novel lncRNA-disease links after constructing a network between lncRNAs and diseases using a https: //www. cuilab. cn/lncrnadisease. In accordance with computational and experimental evidence, the preferential attachment (PA) algorithm is the most reliable method for relation foresight among the popular scoring methods based on a network topology that recent publications have supported its computational predictions. According to the PA prediction, some of the lncRNA-disease connections that have already been noted in some published articles are H19-Myocardial infaraction[4], CDKN2B-AS1-Tumor[5] and Malat1-Giloma[6]. These findings suggest that PA prediction could be a promising method for generating embeddings for possibly novel lncRNA-disease relationships. Meanwhile, PVT1-Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, UBE3A-ATS-Down syndrome, NEAT-1-Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and DISC2-melanoma, are some of the likely candidates for additional laboratory and validation studies that have not been mentioned in any published article. Furthermore, it is possible to upgrade the forecasting algorithms in the future to generate new predictions.

Protease inhibitors are regulatory proteins found in numerous animal tissues and fluids, plants, and microorganisms that reduce and inhibit the exacerbated and uncontrolled activity of the target proteases. Recently, novel biologic activities have been reported for plant protease inhibitors, including antimicrobial, and anticoagulants, thus pointing to possible applications in and biotechnology. In this review, we provide a comparative overview of plant protease inhibitors classifying them into four groups according to their thermal and pH stability, then emphasizing the relevance of the physicochemical characteristics of these proteins for potential biotechnological and industrial applications. Finally, we analyze the biological activities of the stable protease inhibitors previously characterized that are the most relevant to potential applications in the food industry, and agriculture.

Green algae pigments and polysaccharides have economic importance and therapeutic applications. Considering the abundance of green algae Enteromorpha intestinalis on the shores of the Caspian Sea, this study tried to investigate the evaluation of the antibacterial effects of the algal extract. After sampling the algae from the sea shores and washing it, the samples were dried in an oven, and then ethanol was used as a solvent to extract chlorophyll. Antibacterial test by disk diffusion method was used to investigate the antibacterial effects of algan extract. The results showed that the algae extract at a concentration of 50 mg/ml has the highest antibacterial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study generally showed that Entromorpha intestinalis green algae have a good potential for pigment extraction and antibacterial efficiency.

Excess hair growth is one of the main disorders faced by both men and women. This problem is especially significant in women. It is normal to have a certain amount of hair on the surface of the skin. This refers to thick, dark hair that grows in specific areas of the body, such as the chin, under the neck, around the navel, around the chest, and so on. The best and most effective way to get rid of this type of hair is to use a laser. Laser hair removal is known as the least invasive method of hair removal compared to other methods. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of laser in removing excess hair after treatment sessions, it is important to use an efficient and appropriate method. The database includes 4 participants of laser hair removal treatment. In this study, excess hair was treated in the armpit or thigh. People with skin type I and III were in the age range of 28-38 years. They were all treated with a 755 nm alexandrite laser. Two treatment areas were selected using commonly accepted parameters for permanent hair reduction as well as non-treatment area control. Examination of each treatment area was performed with a camera system specifically to count the number of hairs at 1 and 3 months after the second treatment. In this study, Monte Carlo modeling will be used to estimate the density of excess hair remaining after alexandrite laser treatment sessions of 755 nm. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of the number of treatment sessions in the effectiveness and safety of laser hair removal. It is concluded that the number of excess hairs has been decreasing both by Monte Carlo method and by manual counting method, And the simulation accuracy rate is 75%. The combination of experiments and Monte Carlo simulations is a very successful strategy for studying hair removal and hair (re)growth in detail.