Razi Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:23 | Issue:151|Papers Count:14

Background: Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer of digestive system in Iran. The incidence of this cancer has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate and to define the prognostic factors in Iranian colorectal cancer patients using competing risk model.Methods: Data was recorded from 1060 patients with colorectal cancer who were registered in Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran) from 2004 to 2015 in a retrospective study. Analysis was performed using competing risks model. Software used for data analysis was STATA, and significance level was regarded as 0.05.Results: The result indicated that, at the end of follow-up, 380 (35.8%) death was from colorectal cancer, 49 (4.6%) deathswere due to other diseases and 631 patients (59.5%) survived till the end of the study. The mean survival time for a patient was 56.96±1.46 month with median equal to 45.5 months. According to competing-risks method, only age at diagnosis and body mass index havesignificant effect on patient’s survival time.Conclusion: In order to identify the prognostic risk factors on the survival of patients with colorectal cancer, in presence of competing risks, using the competing risk regression model was found more efficient compared to cox regression model.

Background: Aspergillus species have crucial role in respiratory allergy. This study was aimed to evaluate the pattern of IgE-mediated immune response to common aspergillus species including Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavous, Aspergillus niger in type I aspergillus-hypersensitive patients’ sera.Methods: In this experimental study, the prepared protein extract of Aspergillus species were dialyzed and the protein concentrations were measured by Bradford method. The protein patterns were checked by SDS-PAGE. The allergic patients and controls were selected based on their clinical history and skin prick test results. The cross-reactivity of allergens were determined by ELISA and Western-blotting using allergic patients’ and controls’ sera.Results: SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of most of aspergillus proteins are between 11-100 kDa with typical bands between 46-100 kDa. ELISA showed that there is a significant difference between the serum-immunoreactivity of patients and negative controls for each of studied species. However, we did not find significant difference between the immunoreactivity of the patients with the studied fungal species. Western-blotting also detected various typical IgE-reactive proteins for each of aspergillus species.Conclusion: The IgE-reactive pattern of aspergillus species showed a slight difference. The variation of the immunoreactivity of the aspergillus species could be due to the genetic variations, difference in the environmental predisposition with saprophyte molds or non-equal allergenic potency of the extracts.

Background: Exercise training is associated with improved health outcomes in many populations. It is assumed that exercise activities in the Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) population may be reduced as a result of symptoms of the disease. The purpose of this study is survey of long-term effect of regular exercise on inflammatory changes in the RA population.Methods: In a randomized control trial, 30 women with RA were randomly assigned to either exercise (15 patient) or control groups (15 patient), respectively. 8-week program of exercise intensity was 65-75% of maximum heart rate exercise three days per week, each session a period 60 minutes were conducted. A fasting blood sample was collected 24 hours prior to, after 8 weeks and after 2 month of aerobic training from the patients. Levels of C-reactive protein, complement proteins C3 and C4 were measured using standard methods. Analyze data at the level of alpha error of 5% was performed using SPSS version 17.Results: Results showed that there was a significant decline in levels of CRP and C4 after 8 weeks of regular in exercise group, but not in the control group. In this research about C3 level no significant difference was observed between the control group and exercise group.Conclusion: These findings showed that aerobic training could reduce inflammation in patients with RA and consequently plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the pretreatment effects of time courses of training and different doses of medication in multiple organs (liver and heart) of rats treated with doxorubicin (DOX).Methods: in this experimental study, Seventy-two Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to control and training groups with three subgroups: DOX 10mg/kg, DOX 20mg/kg and saline. The training protocol included treadmill running progressively between 25 to 54 min/day and 15 to 20 m/min, 5 days/week for 6 and 3 weeks. DOX and saline injection was performed 24 hr after the last exercise session, and tissue collection was done 24 hr after the injections.Results: Acute administration of DOX 20mg/kg, caused a significant increase in Heat Shock Protein (HSP) and significant decrease in Catalase (CAT) and difference between two tissue (liver and heart) was significant. Six and three weeks training before DOX 20 mg/kg and DOX 10 mg/kg administration led to insignificant and significant increase in HSP, in the liver and heart, respectively. In addition, six weeks training before administration of different doses of DOX, led to significant increase in CAT in both tissue. Also, there was significant difference between two tissues after six and three weeks training.Conclusion: The results of the present study represent that regular aerobic exercise, by increasing protective and antioxidant markers, can be prescribed as a pretreatment strategy against DOX-induced tissue toxicity (liver and heart).

One of the most common methods used in radiation therapy for the treatment of superficial skin lesions using the ortho-voltage radiation X (the kVp 300), respectively. One of the most important indicators for the treatment of this type of device, the quality of the X-ray output is usually half the thickness of the absorption (HVL) Vanrzhy show photons effective. However, in this study, the coefficient of homogeneity was examined as a factor. Materials and Methods: In this study, the half-absorption layer (HVL) and homogeneity coefficient of the X-ray surface voltage was determined kV180 experimental and simulated with Monte Carlo method and the results were compared with the EGSnrc code. Using the measured absorption curve for this exposure through the layers of the weakening of the clinic was drawn with appropriate interpolation of the curve, the half-absorption layer (HVL) and homogeneity coefficient, respectively. The package EGSnrc, the code BEAMnrc to simulate photon and electron transfer up to receive daily intravaginal and BEAMDP for coefficient homogeneity systematically and draw the output spectrum (using data from phase space code BEAMnrc) and the code DOSXYZnrc to trace the curve of percentage depth dose the water phantom was used. The results show that the mean percentage difference between the HVL and homogeneity coefficient obtained from simulation and experiment 2, 96.4% and 01.3%, respectively. Conclusion: According to previous studies that measured HVL of difference between experimental and simulated 2% to over 10% were reported as the mean difference between the 96.4%, respectively. The difference is that this is reasonable. Homogeneity coefficient was calculated from the above previous reports due to differences in the code is justified. Considering the limitations of the clinics, the present method because of the simplicity of the layout and the similarity of the clinical conditions seem to have good performance.

Despite major progress in radiotherapy, exponential attenuation of initial photons due to the nature of their interaction with matter has remained as the most important challenge. Photons have no well-defined range and their doses are reduced exponentially. Therefore, tissues located before and after the tumors receive a significant dose. Today, new techniques based on proton and carbon charged particle beams have been developed in many radiotherapy centers around the world. These charged particles have a high density of ionization at the end of their ranges and most of their energy is released at the end of the path which appears as a peak with a sharp final descent called Bragg peak. Physical advantages for therapeutic purposes, such as well-defined range and the absence of exit dose have made charged particles as very good tool for delivering higher physical dose to the cancerous tissues while lower dose to surrounding healthy tissue. In addition to superior physical properties, the charged particles also possess favorable radiobiological properties which increase tumor control probability. However, some unwanted doses from secondary neutrons and photons found in areas far from the target tissue is an ongoing concern. Until the 1990s, treatment with proton beams was done only in research centers. Afterwards, hospital-based centers started using charged particles for clinical purposes. With increasing development of these centers, the overall cost of treatment is somewhat reduced and this trend is continuing with the construction of new centers.

Background: Considering the importance of monitoring urinary iodine in preventing iodine deficiency disorders in high risk groups, the present study was conducted to prevent iodine deficiency disease among 8-10 years old students in schools under monitoring of Iran University of Medical Sciences, 2015.Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 240 students of both sexes aged 8-10 yrs., inhabitant in urban and rural areas were selected randomly by cluster sampling. All iodine excretion samples were measured according to Ministry of Health guidelines through acidic digestion.Results: In our study the average of urinary iodine was good in %78.3f students. However, it was less than 10 mg/L in %5.4 of children. Therefore, iodine deficiency distribution was divided in two levels of slight and moderate including 4.16 and 1.25 percent, respectively. Urinary iodine median difference was insignificant for sex (p=0.36), in urban and rural areas (p-value=0.63) and in different health centers and networks (p=0.074).Conclusion: Urinary iodine excretion median levels were reported as 180.49 mg/L that showed desirable amounts of median iodine excretion among students.

Background: Levandula angustifolia and Citrus aurantium essential oils possess phenolic compounds and in Iranian traditional medicine are commonly used as sedative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant activities of Levandula angustifolia and Citrus bigaradia in adult reserpinized mice.Methods: In this experimental study, mice were divided into 10 groups of 8 mice each, including: Group 1, control group received normal saline. Group 2, was treated reserpine (5 mg/kg, IP). Group 3, 4, 5 and 6 were treated with reserpine (5 mg/kg, IP) and four Citrus aurantium different doses (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg). Group 7, 8 and 9 were treated with reserpine (5 mg/kg, IP) and three Levandula angustifolia doses (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Group 10 was treated with reserpine (5 mg/kg, IP) and imipramine (15 mg/kg). In all groups the forced swimming test was done and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissue was measured to estimate the oxidative stress status. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test.Results: Levandula angustifolia, Citrus aurantium and imipramine in reserpinized mice caused the mice to spend less time in the forced swimming test, compared to the control group (p<0.01). Also Citrus aurantium with dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg and Lavandula angustifolia with dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg in reserpinized mice reduced immobility time and levels of MDA compared the control group (p<0.01).Conclusion: Lavander and Citrus aurantium essential oils have considerable antidepressant activity which might be attributed to their antioxidant effects.

Background: Cancer is primarily a genetic disease and Myeloid dysplasia refers to a group of syndromes thathave a close relationship with each other and through the proliferation of arbitrary one or more types of bone marrow cells, are identified. One of the most prevalent psychiatric symptoms in patients with cancer, transplantand anxiety, is death anxiety. This type of anxiety can be viewed as one of the important psychological diagnosis in patients with suspected cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hypnosis ondeath anxiety in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with chemotherapy. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test in experimental and control groups. Twenty-fourpatients with acute myeloid leukemia on chemotherapy with medical records and flow cytometry test were selected and randomly divided in experimental (n = 13) and control group (13 case). Death Anxiety Inventory Collet-Lesterinwas used to collect data from two group before and after trial. Six sessions of hypnotherapywas conducted for the experimental group in six weeks. SPSS₂ ₂ was used for statistical analysis of data Results: The results showed that hypnotherapysignificantly reduces the anxiety duedeath, dead people, see people dying and death anxiety in general, which has been statistically significant (p<0. 001). Conclusion: As a result, it can be said that hypnosis is an effective intervention on the anxiety of death in patients with acute myeloid leukemia underchemotherapy and can be used as a non-invasive method.

Background: The flu is a severe and fatal disease with a potential for widespread outbreaks. To reduce the social and economic costs of the disease, vaccination of the entire population and the population at risk is effective. Since every region has a specific and endemic sub-type of influenza virus, it is necessary to identify the species of influenza virus in Hamadan province as well.Methods: In this study, all registered data related to the flu including gender, occupation, type of admission, date of sampling, sample type, quality of samples, subtype of the virus and city at Hamadan provincial Health Center affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during 2013 and 2014 were included. Stata software , version 11.2 was used to data analysis.Results: Of 206 cases of influenza-like illness recorded in 2012, 26 confirmed cases of influenza were detected, which all (100%) belong to type A, subtype H3N2. In 2013, from 244 cases recorded influenza-like illness, 44 were confirmed cases of influenza. Thirty one cases of those were type A including 18 cases of subtype H3N2 and 13 cases of H1N1 subtype. Other cases in 2013 (13 cases) were type B.Conclusion: Subspecies recommended by the World Health Organization for the 2013-2014 influenza vaccine formulation with the species identified in the Hamadan province are consistent and can be used to provide the appropriate vaccine.

Background: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are used for cell therapy purposes. Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) in culture media is essential for growth. As FBS may induce an immunological reaction and transfer pathogenic agents to MSC recipients, this study was designed to evaluate Adipose Tissue Stem Cells (ASCs) in FBS, human serum, switching of FBS to human serum and vice versa by cytology and flow cytometry.Results: ASCs isolated and expanded in medium containing FBS were flat shape and slowly growing versus to those grown in medium containing human serum. The forward scatter data significantly demonstrated ASCs in FBS had large size as compared to others (p<0.05). Morphology of ASCs were similar to flow cytomertic findings. There are no significant differences in immunophenotypic markers of ASCs such as CD44, and CD90 grown in different media. However mean fluorescence intensity was higher for CD44 in human serum groups.Conclusion: These results indicate that medium enriched with human serum improved the culture condition of ASCs in comparison with medium enriched with commercially available FBS. Switching of FBS to human serum may be a useful method for stem cells that are grown in medium containing FBS or frozen in FBS.