KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2012 | Volume:1 | Issue:13 (47)|Papers Count:10

The aim of the present research was to assess the effectiveness of communicative skills based on Islamic views on married couple's satisfaction. The research method was semi-empirical with pretest post test and follow-up test, which was held on the control group. Research statistic population included couples in Isfahan city in the year 2010. The research sample included about thirty couples and were selected randomly and placed in two groups: Experimental and control. The instrument used was a 47 items questionnaire of Enrich (2010).Experimental interference (communicative skills based on Islamic views) was held on the experimental group in six sessions, each session lasted ninety minutes once a week. After finishing the educational program, post-test and the follow-up test was held after the post-test in both groups after one month.For analyzing the data, multi variance and covariance were used (mancova) analysis. Results show that teaching of communicative skills base on Islamic views was affective in the improvement of married couple's satisfaction in post-test and follow- up (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of life review on the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls in divorced families. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest posttest, and the statistical population was the girl students in divorced families in high school and the 6th educational borough of city of Tehran, among them 16 students were selected via access sampling method, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (8 students in control group and 8 students in experimental group). Six sessions for life review training (each session in 90-Minute) was performed in the experimental group. The measurement instrument was Cattle Anxiety Questionnaire (Cattle, 1958) and data were analyzed using analysis of Covariance (SPSS16). The results showed that life review have influenced to reduce the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls of divorced families (P<0.01).

The aim of this research was to make a comparison between university students' concerning meaning in life based on demographic variables. The research methodology was ex post facto. Research statistical population included Khorasgan university students, Medical science university and Isfahan university students in all educational stages, from whom 400 persons on the basis of Cohen et al., (2000) formula for determining sample size were selected using cluster random sampling. The instrument was Morgan & Farsides (2009) questionnaire. After data collection, they were analyzed with the use of one sample T test, Independent t-test, one way ANOVA and Turkey with confidence interval of 95%. The results revealed that the meaning of life subscales scores mean of students were significantly higher than the average of 3 (P<0.001) with the exception of meaningful life subscale. The findings indicated that gender, marriage, educational year, university type and living place (P<0.001) did not have any effect on meaning of life generally and not for other subscales, but age groups and major affected meaning of life. Also, the results indicated that meaning of life was not independent and by increasing the age of students, their meaning of life decreased.

The purpose of this study was to explain psychological vulnerability to Aggression, Interpersonal sensitivity, Psychotics and Paranoid based on attachment styles in students of mixed-state universities of Tehran. The statistical population comprised of all students at mixed-state universities in Tehran (in the 87-88 school year), by Using random multiple cluster sampling method, Cochran formula, 384 male and female students were selected and completed. The Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI) (Besharat, 1379) and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) (Deragotis, 1983). Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software, Pearson correlation coefficients and simultaneous regression analysis. Analysis of the data revealed that secure attachment style with psychological vulnerabilities has negative significant correlation and avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles with psychological vulnerabilities have positive significant correlation (P<0.0001). Moreover, attachment styles specially secure and ambivalent styles can explain psychological vulnerabilities in different kinds and levels.

This research intends to examine the psychometric properties of the Maternal Emotional Styles Questionnaire (MESQ) amongst mothers. The research method was descriptive-survey and validation through developing an instrument and reliability assessment. The sample consisted of 400 mothers selected by cluster multi-stage random sampling method. Measuring instruments were the Maternal Emotional Styles Questionnaire (MESQ) (Lagace-Seguin & Copla, 2005), and Strength, and Difficult Questionnaire (SDQ) (Gooodman, 1997).Data analysis was done using SPSS and Amos software's version 16. The (MESQ) demonstrated high internal consistency. A re-administration of the measure 1 month later yielded high correlation (P<0.001). The scale was assessed using factor analysis and principle component method (KMO=0.78). In total, these two factors accounted for 45.44% of the total variance. Confirmative factor analysis approved the results of exploratory factor analysis. In addition, this model was found fit with the data. Pearson’s correlation between (MESQ) and (SDQ) were respectively confirming their convergent and divergent validity. Results of this study showed that Farsi version of (MESQ) has good psychometrics particularity in measuring mother's emotional styles.

This study was planned to determine the reliability and construct validity of the Persian version of the gender role conflict scale. Statistical population of the study includes all male students of the universities of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences and Tehran University in 2010.190 male students, ages ranging from 21 to 40 years old with educational levels from B.S to Ph.D. were selected.They completed an inventory including demographic variables and Persian version of the gender role conflict scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (11.5). Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the "restrictive emotionality", among four factors of gender role conflict, had the greatest correlation with GRCS total score (P<0.01), and "success, power and competition" had the weakest one (P<0.01). Also, results from the present study showed that the Persian version of the gender role conflict scale and its four factors had a good reliability (with Chronbach's alphas ranging from 0.70 to 0.81) among Iranian college students. Finally, four-factor structure of the Persian version of the gender role conflict scale was justified in the present study through confirmatory factor analysis with varimax rotation (K2=2029.147, df=666, & P=0.000).

This research was carried out with the purpose of studying the relationship between Cell-phone over use and general heath in students in the academic year 2011-2012. The sample consisted of 782 students in Islamic Azad universities. They were chosen via Cluster sampling method. The research instruments included Cell-phone over use Scale (Jenaro & et al, 2007) and GHQ-28. To study the simple and multiple relationships of general health and cell phone over use multiple regressions (stepwise) were used. Findings indicated that, generally, the General Health variants (four factors) have a significant relationship with Cell-phone over use in students (P≤0.01). Other results denoted that 4 general health factors are able to predict Cell-phone over use (RS=0.32). The variant of "social functioning" was a more desirable predictor for Cell-phone over use (RS=0.28). Other results showed that there is a significant difference between married-single, boy and girl students (P≤0.05).

The purpose of this study was investigating the relationship between psychological ownership with affective commitment and intent to stay in job. Research method was correlation and statistical population was the employees of National South Oil Compony–Ahvaz. Among them 126 employees were selected via stratified random sampling.Research instruments consisted of psychological ownership questionnaire (Van Dyne & Pierce, 2004), affective commitment questionnaire (Mowday, steers, & porter, 1979), intent to stay in job questionnaire (Wiener & Vardi, 1980). Data were analyzed using analysis Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis. finding showed that there was a significant correlation between psychological ownership, and one of its dimension (organization based psychological ownership), with affective commitment (P<0.05). The expected, was the significant correlation between psychological ownership and it’s both dimensions with intent to stay in job (P<0.01). And the result of regression analysis revealed also that organization-based psychological ownership better predicted affective commitment and intent to stay in job (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation among alexithymia with emotional intelligence, anxiety and depression male students of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch. Statistical population included male students of Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz branch.215 students were selected through stratified random sampling and assessed using Ahvaz Alexithymia Scale (AAS-26), Makvandi, Haydarei, Shehni Yailagh, Najarian & Askery, 2011). Petrides and Furnham Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (2001), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI, 1990) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, 1997). In order to analysis the data, simple correlation and regression analysis method were used. The results indicated that there was a correlation between alexithymia with emotional intelligence, anxiety and depression (P<0.01). Finally a multiple regression analysis showed that depression and social skills in emotional intelligence were significant predictors of alexithymia.

The aim of this study was to clarify the experience of brain death patients' families regarding communication and familiarity with the family and the receptor of the body tissue by using a qualitative method. This study was done by applying a qualitative and phenomenological research approach. For this purpose, the unstructured and deep interviews were conducted with 5 families of cerebral death patients who donated the tissue and who were in communication with the receptors of the tissue so that the families stated their experiences about this phenomenon.The data resulted from this interviews were analyzed using Colaaizi method. The findings of this survey may be classified within four general concepts, donation intent, the requirement of appreciation, feeling lonely and domination. The findings of this study could present a clear view of cerebral death patients families experiences who were in communication with the receptors. The experiences of these families showed that familiarity and communication with each other requires the involvement of psychologists and counseling professionals.