KNOWLEDGE & RESEARCH IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
Year:2012 | Volume:13 | Issue:2 (48)|Papers Count:14

The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of hope Theory on achievement motivation in boys senior of work and knowledge schools in baharestan county. This study was a preposttest experimental design. By Single-stage cluster sampling between work and knowledge schools in Baharestan County, one school was selected randomly. Conducting Achievement Motivation Questionnaire, 30 students were selected and assigned to two groups randomly. 10 sessions of hope therapy were implemented for one group the control group received no intervention. ANCOVA was applied to analyze data. ANCOVA showed significant difference in studied groups (P<0.01). The results showed that hope therapy have increased the achievement motivation.

This study examined the relationship between family function and marital conflict in couples who decided to get divorced. The statistical community of this study included all couples who came to counseling center in Sari (the center of Mazandaran Province). The sample group included 100 couples that have been chosen via disposal sampling method, and the study Assessment instruments were Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), and Epstein and et al., Family Assessment Device (FAD). Data was analyzed by pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable analyses of canonical correlation. The result has shown that among predictive variables, total functioning, problem solving, roles, emotional responsiveness and emotional involvement had significant relations with predicted variables. Moreover, the results have shown that the total functioning of predictive variables and the increased emotional reactions of predicted variables had the most effect on creating the first canonical correlation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the practicality, Reliability and Validity of direct and Indirect Prisoner Behaviors Checklist-Scaled version (DIPC-SCALED-r Ireland 2007) in non-political crime prisoners in Hamadan city. A sample of 500 prisoners randomly was selected. To obtain validity of questionnaire we used two methods: test-retest Cronbach's alpha. The correlation coefficient for the victimization form was r=0.47 and for bullying form was r=0.43 which were significant in P<0.001. Cronbach alpha coefficient computed for the victimization form 0.92 and for the bullying form 0.90. After removing 12 items of the first form and two items from second form which had weak correlation, validity coefficients became more significant: 0.94 and 0.92. using principal component analysis and rotation matrix Promax form factor and 5 being the victim of bullying form the five factors were extracted. In the present study to check the validity of questionnaire used the criteria validity method. The results showed the coefficient for the form of victimization was r=0.45 and for the form of bullying was r=0.53.

The purpose of this study was to comparison effectiveness of Davis and Fernald methods on reading performance of dyslexia in third elementary school students. This experimental study was conducted as post-test and pre-test by control groups. Statistical population included dyslexic children who had referred to Shenakht and Alefba Zendegi Isfahan city clinics in December 2011. The sampling method was through convenience sampling, so from among who referred to this clinic, 45 children were selected as final sample and were randomly separated into two experimental and control groups (15 students to Fernald method, 15 students to Davis method and student to control group). The assessment tools included Reading Test (RT) and Wechsler's Intelligence scale for Children (WISC-IV). The dyslexic children of interventional group took part in (30-minutes Fernald method for 10 sessions and 30-minutes Davis method for 16 sessions). Post–test scores recorded and data analyzed using SPSS-15 software. The results of covariance a analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of reading test in the experimental and the control groups in the post test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of reading test in the experimental and the control groups in the post test (p<0.001). Also, the results of pair wise comparison of groups showed that there was significant difference between the mean scores of Davis and Fernald groups in the post test (p<0.001).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and emotional intelligence of university students. Research method was correlation, and statistical population included Miane university students in the school year 2011-12, among them 380 persons from different majors (226 female students and 154 male students) were selected by cluster random sampling method. The assessment tools included the 60-short form question of personality traits of NEO (NEO PI-R, 1992) Questionnaire and Bar-on EQ test (1997) which consisted of 90 items. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis. Results showed significant positive relationship between extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness with emotional intelligence (P<0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between neuroticism and emotional intelligence (P<0.01). Also there was not a significant difference between males and females EQ (P>0.05). Stepwise regression analysis showed that there were personality traits that can significantly predict the emotional intelligence (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to compare the social support and deprivation in narcotics and psychoactive addicts and normal persons. In this causative-comparative study, 80 addicts (40 methamphetamine addicts and 40 narcotic addicts) that were referenced to self-reference quitting addictive centers in Miyaneh city/ Iran, were participated through convenience sampling. Then, they were matched up with 40 normal personal according to age, sex, educational level, and marital status. Assessment tools consisted of the Inventory of Social Support (Fleming, Baum, Gisriel & Gatchel, 1982) and Social Deprivation check list(made by researchers, 2011)and the Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), LSD test, pearson coefficient correlation and multiple regression. The results showed that psychoactive drug addicts as compared with narcotics addicts and normal person, and narcotics addicts as compared with normal person receive low social support and experience social deprivation (P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis also showed that low social support can predict social deprivation in addicts (P<0.01). The findings indicate that multiple social deprivation is a risky factor in psychoactive drugs abuse.

The purpose of this research was to predict death anxiety on the basis of emotion cognitive regulation strategies in students. In this descriptive correlational study, 130 (Male=66, Female=64) undergraduate students from the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili were selected using multistage cluster sampling, and filled the Garnefski & Kraaijemotion cognitive regulation strategies questionnaire (2006) and Templer death anxiety scale (1970). The data collected from the sample were put into SPSS version 16 and were analyzed by the statistical methods of correlation and stepwise regression. Results revealed that between emotion cognitive regulation strategies and death anxiety signification there was a correlation (P<0.05, P<0.01). It was also shown that emotion cognitive regulation strategies, positive refocus on planning, catastrophizing, reappraisal, acceptance, rumination and self-blame were the best predictors of the death anxiety in students (P<0.01, Adj.R2=%27). The findings indicated that emotion cognitive regulation strategies are important psychological components in the prediction of death anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between psychologically healthy work place' components with organizational commitment and organizational Trust. Research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all employees of Sar-Khoon and Qushm Gas Refinery Incorporation, out of them 228 subjects were selected via stratified random selection. In this research a set of questionnaires consisting of psychological healthy workplace which was developed by Mehdad (2010), organizational commitment (Alen & Meyer, 1991), and organizational Trust (Morman & collegues, 1998) was used. Data were analyzed with the use of Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis and the results showed that valued social position, externally generated goals and physical security (P<0.01), valued social position, availability of money and the externally generated goals (P<0.01), and externally generated goals, environmental variety, valued social position and physical security (P<0.01) were able to predict affective, continuance and normative commitment, respectively. Moreover, organizational Trust is predictable through environmental clarity, valued social position, environmental variety, and opportunity for control, respectively. Therefore, the results of current study indicated that, organizational commitment and organizational trust could be increased by improving psychologically healthy work place' components.

The goal of the present study, in the framework of a causal model, was to examine the relationship between identity aspects, goal orientations and affective components of happiness. Participants were 530 students (353 girls and 177 boys) selected from Shiraz University in academic year 2008-2009. The research instruments included Aspects of Identity Questionnaire (AIQ-TV) of Cheek, Smith & Tropp (2002), Achievement Goals Questionnaire of Elliot & McGregore (1991, 2001) and positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) of Watson, Clark & Tellegen (1985). To examine the reliability of measures Cronbach alpha coefficient, and to determine the validity, factor analysis method were applied. The hypothetical model tested by sequential simultaneous regression analyses, with the use of Baron and Kenny's (1986) steps. Results of the steps of path analysis showed that Goal orientations could be regarded as mediators between identity aspects and affective component of happiness and personal identity was most powerful mediator between mastery approach (b=0.30, P<0.01) and positive affect (b=0.32, P<0.01).

The aim of this study was to comparison of personality traits between patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and normal matched group. An ex-post- facto design were used and subjects were 35 (21 female and 14 male in 14-65 old age range) IBS patients diagnosed by gastroenterologist and 35 normal individuals. Short form of NEO (Haghshenas, 2004) inventory and a checklist applied as measures of personality traits and demographic information. Data were analyzed with one way analysis of variance and chi square and indicated that IBS patients significantly are higher in neuroticism and lower in extroversion than normal group (P<0.01). Although no significant differences were found in openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness between tow group. Also were found that there are some relations between IBS and demographic status such as order of birth, marital status, and age (P<0.05). It seems that personality traits have an important role in severity and duration of symptoms in IBS patients.