Journal of Family Research
Year:2008 | Volume:4 | Issue:13|Papers Count:11

Problem solving skill is considered to be one of the cognitive skills that help people to solve their internal and external issues. Teaching problem solving skills can help adolescents to prevent escalation of their problems and getting into family conflicts. Many of parents and their children lack problem solving skills. For this reason, some experts conduct problem solving workshops for parents as well as for children and adolescents. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the efficacy of problem solving workshops designed for parents of preteens.In these workshops topics such as understanding others' emotions, ideas, and motivations, finding various solutions for a single problem, giving attention to their behaviors' consequences and sequential planning were taught. Participants included 96 mothers of students in private schools. These mothers were instructed by skillful instructors in five workshops lasted ten sessions, two hours each.The present study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pre and post tests without control group. Three subscales of Family Assessment Device (FAD) were used before and after the workshops: communication, affective responsiveness, and affective involvement.Analysis of data indicated that work-shops had positive effects on subjects' performance in "affective involvement". Finally, implications of the findings, research limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.

Goal orientation is one of the most basic concepts in Motivation Psychology. The aim of the present study was to examine the prediction of goal orientations, included Mastery approach, Mastery avoidance, Performance approach and Performance avoidance by family flexibility and cohesion. The sample included 449 subjects (143 girls) selected randomly from different high schools of Shiraz city.Goal orientations scale (Elliot, MacGregor, 2001), and flexibility scale (Shakeri, 1381) and Cohesion Scale (samani, 1381, 2004) scale were used.Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated in order to determine the reliability of the measures. For testing va-idity of the instruments internal consistency method were used. The results showed acceptable reliability and validity of the instruments.By using simultaneous (enter) multiple regression analysis, the predict-ion of goal orientations, included Mastery approach, Mastery avoidance, Performance approach and Performance avoidance by family flexibility and cohesion was confirmed. Results showed that family cohesion was a positive and significant predictor of Mastery approach and Performance approach and was a negative and significant predictor of Performance avoidance. Family flexibility was a positive and significant predictor of mastery approach and was a negative and significant predictor of mastery avoidance and performance avoidance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles including authoritarian, authoritative and permissive styles) and child behavioural disorder that have conceptualized as externalizing symptoms (aggressive and role broken behaviour).273 mothers of 7-9 years old boys fro-m primary schools participated in this study.Results indicated that permissive parenting style had significant positive correlation with externalizing symptoms. In contrast, authoritative style had significant negative correlation with this symptoms. No relation was found between authoritarian parenting style and externalizing symptoms. 

This study accomplished to determine the role of family function dimensions in utilization of coping strategies by patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Participants were 94 patients with MS selected randomly from those who referred to Health Office of Tehran Medical Sciences University during 1 month to recievce medicine prescription.Family Assessment Device and Coping Strategies Questionnaire were completed by participants.It was found that functional dimensions contribute to coping strategues according to regression analyses. Results indicated that "problem solving", "affectttive involvement", and "behavior control" had the highest significant association with utilized coping strategies and could predict them.

Objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of a story-base social skill training in reducing symptoms of conduct disorder of elementary students (girls 10 to 11 years of age). Based on the studies, children with conduct disorder have problems in using social skills. This may result in continuation and severity of conduct problems.Using a pretest post-test desing with control group, a sample consisting of 22 elementary school girls were selected through a cluster sampling method with two stages; On the basis of the scores achieved from the scales of CSI-4 (parent & teacher form) and Roter behavioral diagnosis of children (parent & teacher form). Pre and post-test data were investigated using a covariance analysis test. Results and Discussion: the result of the study showed that based on both scales, story-base social skill training led to the reduction of conduct disorder symptoms in the subjects (p<0.005). This finding is in conformity with previous research, and shows the efficiency of using story and its structure in training and treatment of children with conduct problems.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of pre-marital training program (PREP) on commitment characteristics. The research procedure was quasi experimental with pretest and post-test design with a control group.The statistical sample included 30 female students of Islamic Azad University of Fasa that randomly selected, and assigned in experimental and control groups (N=15).Commitment Characteristics Inventory, was administered to both groups at baseline (Fer 1988). The experimental group attended in 6 sessions (1 session per week) of pre-marital commitment training. Results were analyzed using SPSS software. The findings showed that PREP on commitment significantly increased awareness of commitment characteristics in exprimantal group.

Risky behaviors are defined as behaviors that increase the possibility of adverse physical, psychological, and sociological consequences. In adolescents such behaviors tend to be interrelated and have co variation patterns. Due to its unfavorable and irremediable consequences such as pregnancy, infective diseases, and HIV, sexual risk-taking has been recently highlig-hted more than other high-risk behaviors. Current study focuses on the frequency and co-occurrence of various risk-takings, and the influence of different demographic factors.The sample included 807 high school students) 436 girls (, studying in grade 2, 3, and 4, selected through stratified sampling proportionate to the size. To measure risk-taking behaviors the Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale (Zadeh Mohammadi, Ahmadabadi, and Heidari, 2007) was used. Results showed positive and significant relations between the high-risk behaviors. The highest sexual risk–taking variance among aodolescents could be found in relation with alcohol, being with opposite sex, drug use, gender, and social status.The results suggest that health authorities, and Ministry of Education should keep students away from development of high-risk behaviors.