INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:3|Papers Count:15

Objective: Attention and memory are affected by mood stat sopresent study, the objective was to compare the style of recognition memory in social anxious individuals to healthy participants.Method: 200 female students were selected by cluster sampling method among the high school students in Tehran. All of participants filled out the social anxiety inventory (SAI) (Moshavere, 1380).Ultimately 60 participants were selected and divide in to 2 group 30 participants with SID (total score was more than 60) and 30 participants in control group. Data analysis by descriptive statistic and t-test.Results: revealed that there is significant difference among social anxious individuals in comparison with healthy students.Conclusion: General conclusion is that social anxious people have recognition biasis about affective words.

Introduction: This study was aimed to investigate two kinds of treatment in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and compare their efficacy on improving patients’ symptoms and their mental health; one with just medical treatment and another with a combination of psychotherapy and medical treatment.Method: In a quasi-experimental study, 50 IBS patients were chosen among patients who came to a Gastroenterology Clinic. They were physically evaluated using ROME-II and mentally evaluated using SCL-90-R and then randomly appointed to two groups: medical treatment group as the control group and the combination of medical and psychological treatment as the case group.The subjects at the case group received cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for 8 sessions. Then, both the case and the control groups were evaluated using ROME-II and SCL-90-R. The data were analyzed using t test and U Mann- Whitney test for independent groups.Results: The findings of this study showed that a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medical treatment is more effective than medical treatment alone in alleviating IBS symptoms. The mental health of the case was meaningfully better than that of the control.Conclusion: Considering the role of cognitive behavioral therapy combined with medical treatment in IBS patients, we recommend that a team of gastroenterologists and psychologists manage such patients.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was developing the healthy behavior to change the attitude of students in order to decrease their tendency towards substance abuse.Method: This research was carried out by two methods of descriptive- analytic and quasiexperimental design. First, 60 students of Allameh Tabatabai University were selected randomly (of 4000 students) from the University dormitory. Then, half of the students received the developing healthy behavior training program.The efficacy of this program was evaluated by the scale of “attitude towards substance abuse”. The data was analysed by the analysis of covariance and MANOVA.Result: The result of this research indicated that healthy behavior training program develops the negative attitude towards substance abuse.Developing negative attitude was significant in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral tendency.Also, this program was most effective on the cognitive aspect of attitude.Conclusion: The result of the study indicating the effectiveness of healthy behavior training program in changing the attitude of students towards substance abuse is compatible with previous studies. Therefore the implication of this program in order to prevent substance abuse is recommended.

Introduction: Studying pathology and determining susceptibility in youth is a major step against change of culture and values. This research has aimed at evaluating social and cultural susceptibility among youth of the country (IRAN I. R.).Methods: This study is a descriptive- analytical study, the sample have been selected through multi-stage cluster sampling and consists of 1030 young adults and adolescences from different city of IRAN I.R. Researchers prepared questionnaire was the means of collecting data, in order to analyze data, descriptive statistics. Indicators: evaluating frequency, mean and t test deductive data indicators have been used.Results: The results suggests that there is a high and very high susceptibility among 12.5% of cases also in terms of Violating Islamic dress code, tendency to addiction, lack of confidence, indecent company, feministic attitudes, tendency to use satellite and foreign media, pleasure seeking, relationship with the opposite sex, lack of patriotism and the way spare time is spent among girls and boys, there is meaningful difference in terms of susceptibility on the level of p<0.01 and as far as Occidentalism and disobedience of law are concerned, the difference is on the level of p<0.05.Conclusion: Considering the fact that our population is a young population and their susceptibility to social and cultural damages may culminate in two next generation social and cultural damages, therefore we should have a special programs for this part of society and it is obvious that the protection could be more useful than any treatment, also we should have separate program for any genders.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the rate of agreement between two methods of clinical interview according to DSM-IV-TR test in diagnosing psychiatric disorders (acute phase) Method: In- patient and out-patients referrals to Tabriz Razi hospital were selected randomly and assessed due two stages throng clinical interview and MMPI test (short form) Then the diagnostic efficacy index of MMPI, Kappa.Coefficient Pnumber and Positive and negative diagnostic power with SPSS were calculated to determine the agreement rate.Results: The agreement rates between clinical interview and MMPI were 0.35 for thought disorders, 0.4 unipolar 0.2 for bipolar mood disorders, and 0.6 for personality disorders.Conclusion: The of obtained results showed a poor convergence between MMPI test and clinical diagnosis and higher function in excluding psychiatric disorders rather including them Therefore It seems that this tool need to be reprised conception.

Introduction: Sulfur mustard -a chemical agenthas proven chronic effects on skin which make many problems such as sleep psychological and also sexual disorders and can reduce their quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the association of quality of life and skin lesions in sulfur mustard exposed veterans.Method: At current study 125 consecutive male chemical veterans suffering from skin lesion were being visited by dermatologists in the clinic of the Baqiyatallah hospital during 2007 summer.Pruritus severity in these patients was assessed with pruritus score questionnaire and their quality of life was assessed with Dermatology Life Quality Index.Results: All subjects were men with mean age 44.3±8.0 years. More than pruritus, skin dryness (64%), burn sensation (63%), scaling (59%) and hyper pigmentation (51%) were more common skin lesions in chemical veterans. Mean of DLQI score in these patients were 19.42±5.96. Pruritus severity was correlated with quality of life (r=0.325, p<0.001) and also correlated with other quality of life subscales expected work and school subscale. Allover pruritus, Burn sensation also related with Quality of life.Discussion: Sulfur mustard exposed chemical veterans suffering from chronic skin complication such as pruritus and burn sensation which affected their quality of life. Relieving this skin lesion could improve chemical veterans’ quality of life.

Introduction: It has been suggested that the defense mechanisms are in charge of caring the ego in response to the different kind of anxiety forms. Since in psychoanalytic approach each psychological disorder has uncoping defense mechanisms, this study was aimed to determine and compare the style of the defense mechanisms in both obsessive-compulsive disorder and healthy people.Method: people with OCD, fulfilling DSMIV criteria for OCD and healthy people, each group comprising 30 subjects were evaluated on Defensive style Questionnaire (DSQ-40).Result: In comparison, OCD subjects differed significantly from normal group. OCD people exhibited more on the neurotic and immature style. In details, they used the acting out, reaction formation and undoing styles than to normal group.Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that these findings are comparable with other (foreign) studies; however studying on defense mechanisms needs further investigations.

Introduction: In years ago, many researches have been done for study effect of shift work on nurses of family and career life. But at the present time, a little number of studies has examined effect of shift work on work-family conflict and marital satisfaction among nurses. For this reseon, the purpose of this study is determining the effect of shift work on work-family conflict and marital satisfaction among female nurses in educational hospitals in Isfahan city.Methods: The research method is cross-sectional describtive. The sample research consisted of 240 nurse that randomly selected a monge of 6 educational hospital that these nurses were work in shifting and fixed. Data collected with Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale and Work-Family Conflict Scale. For analysis of data, have been used from mean, standard. Deviation, T test (for independent group), covariance analysis. Results: The finding revealed a significant difference between fix work nurses and shift work nurses in work-family conflict and shift work nurses have experienced more conflict (P=0.02). In fild of marital satisfaction, there was not significant difference between two group of nurses (p=0.18).Also the results showed that in" Financial control" variable and" sexual relationship" vaiable , shift work nurses were lower than mean and there was meaningful difference between two group in these variable (p=0.02) but in other variable, there was not significant difference between two group. Conclusion: By attention to result, teaching effective skills in fild of management work-family conflict and increase marital satisfaction among shift work nurses is necessary.

Introduction: Adolescence is recognized as a particularly stressful period of development.During this period adolescent simultaneously deal with physical and cognitive transformations. Therefore, main of this study is the effects of life skills training on emotional reactions in boy adolescents in Tehran city.Methods: This is a semi – experimental study. In order to, the middle students in two schools in Tehran city (n=172) were chosen then we used DASS21 questionnaire to determine students with middle range of emotional reaction and then were divided to two group randomly, Finally 30 subjects in experimental and 30 in control group participated in this study. Then 30 students of control group trained life skills in five sections during two weeks. After 6 week experimental and control group responded to questionnaire.Results: Analysis of the entire study group before and after training, revealed significant difference in stress and anxiety and total emotional reaction but insignificant difference in depression.Conclusion: According to this study, life skills training reduce stress, anxiety and total emotional reaction in adolescents.

Introduction: Delay in seeking help in prehospital delay phase is the most important factor to decline the survival probability and recovery in women with breast cancer symptoms. Several theoretical models has been investigated the etiology of delay in seeking help in patients with breast cancer symptoms. The one of the attractive model that provided appropriate framework for systematic investigation of pre-hospital delay (patient delay) and decisions for seeking treatment is Self-regulation model. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between illness perception and delay in seeking help in prehospital delay phase in women with breast cancer symptoms in framework of self-regulation model.Method: This study was conducted with survey and cross-sectional method. Data were collected from 50 women with breast cancer symptoms that had referred to Shahid Ramzanzadeh Radiotherapy Center in Yazd city. These women were selected using convenient sampling. The instruments for gathering data were Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) and Questionnaire of Delay in Seeking Help. Data were analysed using Pearson's correlation method and hierarchical multiple regression.Results: The results showed significant direct correlation between emotional representation and appraisal delay (p<.05) and reverse correlation between illness consequences and appraisal delay (p<.05), and illness coherence and appraisal delay (p<.05). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that illness perception components explained for %26.9 of the variance in appraisal delay.Conclusion: Women's illness perceptions of breast cancer symptoms have significant effect on seeking help, particularly, on the symptom appraisal phase.This results, on the one hand, confirmate the validity of Self-regulation Model in explanation of delay in prehospital seeking help, and on the other hand has been showed the importance and effect of appraisal and interpretation of symptoms on seeking medical help and also on the behavioral and clinical interventions for breast cancer.