QOM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL
Year:2018 | Volume:12 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:14

Background and Objectives: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is caused by damage to self DNA leading to uncontrolled cellular growth. The aim of this study was to find out a new appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic methods using differential gene expression and protein analyzes in different methods of the biology system. Methods: Microarray library GSE20011 was downloaded from GEO database and analyzed using GEO2R software. In this study, two groups of control (with benign Hodgkin lymphoma) and treatment (with acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B cells), were compared with each other. In BALL cancer, 338 genes were up-regulated and 252 genes were down-regulated, that analyzes of protein kinases, transcription factors, gene function, protein-protein interaction, and finally, drawing differential genes protein network, were performed by KEA, ChEA, DAVID, Gene2Network, and yEd databases, respectively. Results: In this study, for the first time, seven transcription factors LYL1, SPI1, TET1, POU3F2, LMO2, CUX1, and ELF1, were reported as the candidate for diagnosis and treatment for BALL. Also, the importance of the role of membrane in BALL cells with the function of 97 up-regulated genes increased from the total 338 genes in cell membranes, showed the importance of membrane protection; and 97 genes were identified in cell resistance function for BALL cells, which can be interpreted as high resistance of BALL cells to molecular-based therapeutic approaches. Conclusion: The results of this study can help to better understand the cellular resistance mechanism of BALL to treatment and provided seven candidate proteins for diagnosis and possibly treatment.

Background and Objectives: Parkinson is the most common degenerative disorder of central nervous system. Liver plays an important role in the metabolism of chemical drugs; synthesis of plasma proteins, and extensive use of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson disease. This study aimed to find the effect of levodopa and hydroalcoholic extract of purslane on the concentration of liver enzymes. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 mature male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of control, sham, parkinsonian, 2 groups of parkinsonian under treatment with purslane extract at the doses of 200 and 400mg/kg (14 days before and after surgery), and parkinsonian group treated with 15mg/kg of levodopa. The primary model of Parkinson's disease was created with the injection of 250 μ g of 6-OHDA into the right ventricle. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were taken from all subjects and liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were assessed in serum and catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) enzymes, were assessed in liver tissue homogenate. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests. Statistical significance level was considered to be p<0. 05. Results: In this study, the levels of ALT, ALP, and AST enzymes increased in the Parkinsonian group, while their level decreased in the groups received the extract and the levodopa groups. Also the extract of purslane significantly increased CAT activity and significantly decreased MDA as compared to the parkinsonian group. Conclusion: It seems that purslane due to high level of antioxidant compounds can be used as a natural product for the prevention of damages and diseases caused by oxidative stress.

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women around the world. Problems, such as treatment failure, drug resistance, heavy costs, other problems associated with the treatment of this type of cancer, have attracted the interest of many researchers to cyanobacteria, since these microorganisms have fewer side-effects compared to chemical drugs. In the present research, the effect of Oscillatoria extract was investigated on the viability of MCF7 cell line as well as caspase-9 gene expression. Methods: In this experimental study, MCF7 cell lines, were treated with different concentrations of extract of Oscillatoria cyanobacteria (0. 078, 0. 15, 0. 3, 0. 6, 1. 2, 2. 5, 5, and 10mg/ml) for 24 hours. The effect of the extract on cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. Then, RNA extraction was carried out, and after synthesis of cDNA, real time PCR was performed to assess the expression rate of caspase-9 gene. Results: With increasing the concentration of the extract, cell viability significantly decreased compared to the control sample. Real time PCR results also showed that the expression of caspase-9 gene increased by 5. 59 ± 0. 83 (p 0. 001) compared to the control sample in 24 hours. Conclusion: Oscillatoria extract can destroy cancer MCF-7 cells, which can be due to the increase in caspase-9 gene expression.

Background and Objectives: Anxiety is one of the common psychological disorders among human populations, and is a disturbing feeling that associates an unknown and ambiguous danger. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. on anxiety in gonadectomized male Wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats (weight, 230 ± 20g), were divided into DMSO treated healthy group, DMSO treated gonadectomized group, or the extract’ s solvent (0. 5ml), and gonadectomized groups (received 50 and 100mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. ) (n=8). First, the hydroalcoholic extract was extracted by soxhlet, then, the extract powder was prepared using an oven. Testicles were removed by surgery. All injections were intraperitoneal, and half an hour after the injection, anxiety test was carried out using elevated plus maze. Anxiety evaluation’ s standard indicators (staying period and the number of entering to free arm), were assessed and recorded for 5 minutes. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’ s tests (p<0. 05). Results: The gonadectomized rats that received DMSO showed a significant reduction in the presence period and the number of entries to the open arm, as compared to the healthy group receiving DMSO (p<0. 001). The gonadectomized rats that received the hydroalcoholic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. ( at the doses of 50 and 100mg/kg) showed a significant increase in the presence period and the number of entries to the open arm, as compared to the gonadectomized group receiving DMSO (p<0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, gonadectomy increases anxiety. Moreover, hydroalcoholic extract of Cuminum cyminum L. reduces anxiety.

Background and Objectives: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is one of the most common Salmonella serotypes in gastroenteritis cases. ERIC-PCR method is used for genotyping studies and examinations in order to apply appropriate preventive and controlling conditions. This research was carried out with the objective of investigating the genotyping of Salmonella typhimurium strains in the treatment centers of Kerman province. Methods: In this descriptive study, different strains of Salmonella Typhimurium, were isolated from different treatment centers. All strains were examined using standard methods of microbiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Genetic relationship between the strains was evaluated by ERIC-PCR method. Results: In this study, Among 891 stool and blood samples of patients with diarrhea, 48 strains of Salmonella typhimurium, were isolated. The isolates were classified in terms of genotyping into 15 different groups using ERIC-PCR method, which the highest number of the strains was in the 14th group (25%, 12 strains). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed high discrimination power of ERIC-PCR method for molecular typing and genetic diversity of Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from human samples. Therefore, this method can be used for epidemiological studies in order to investigate the source of contamination, genetic diversity and its relationship with geographical distribution and drug resistance of the isolated strains.

Background and Objectives: Osteoporosis is one of the disasters of the recent century. Given the greater involvement of women in all age groups, prevention of osteoporosis is essential in women. Individual empowerment is one of the strategies to prevent the growth of osteoporosis. In this research, the role of empowerment model-based education, was investigated in the prevention of osteoporosis in female students. Methods: In this controlled trial, the target community (before and after) included female students of Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch. The sampling method was two-stage stratified random sampling and the sample size was determined (75 people for each) in intervention and control group. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire on individual empowerment for the prevention of osteoporosis (before the intervention and 3 months after intervention). Statistical analysis was carried out by independent t-test, paired t-test and Chi-square. Results: In this study, there was a significant increase in the scores of the constructs of knowledge (p<0. 001), attitude (p<0. 001), selfefficacy (p=0. 005) and life skills p=0. 015), in the intervention group before and after the educational intervention, but in the control group, there was no significant increase in the constructs of knowledge (p=0. 25), attitude (p=0. 49), self-efficacy (p=0. 18), and life skills (p=0. 69) before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The results of this study showed the educational intervention based on self-empowerment model can be effective in the improvement of female students in the prevention of osteoporosis.

Background and Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease and about one-third of the world population are infected with latent TB infection. Active TB infection may develop in 5 to10 percent of individuals with latent infection; therefore, detection of latent infection is of great importance in the control of the disease. The aim of this study was to develop a specific skin test based on low molecular weight proteins secreted by M. tuberculosis for detection of M. tuberculosis infection. Methods: At this study, after extraction of secreted proteins from shortterm culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis, low molecular weight proteins, were purified by Sephadex-G75 gel chromatography. For skin test, several groups of guinea pigs were sensitized with M. tuberculosis, M. bovis BCG, and M. avium strains, and then skin test were performed using purified proteins and PPD. Results: According to skin test data, unlike PPD, purified proteins showed a positive response in animals exposed to M. tuberculosis, but no significant skin responses was observed in the guinea pigs sensitized with M. bovis BCG and M. avium strains. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that new skin test is specific compared to PPD in the detection of M. tuberculosis infection, and could be replaced as a more specific skin test for detection of TB in large animals or human.

Background and Objectives: Many diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, are associated with circadian rhythm. This study was performed with the aim of assessing blood pressure in individuals with metabolic syndrome and association of metabolic parameters of this syndrome with blood pressure rhythm. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients referred to the clinics of Shahid Beheshti and Vali-asr hospitals in Qom city. Among them, 109 patients were selected using census method from April 2014 to completion of the sample size. Data collection was performed using a demographic characteristics checklist and results of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. data were analyzed using t-test and chi square. Results: In this study, the age range of patients was between 30 to 85 years old with the mean of 53. 08± 13. 82, which 65. 1% (71 subjects) were female and 34. 9% (38 subjects) were male. Among the woman, 76. 1% (54 subjects) and among the men, 71. 1% (27 subjects) had nondipper blood pressure (p=0. 569). The mean of fasting blood sugar in non-dipper group was 108. 39± 32. 66 and in dipper group was 104. 35± 18. 74 (p=0. 537). The prevalence of non-dipper hypertension in patients with diabetes (87%) was significantly higher than non-diabetic patients (65. 1%) (p=0. 015). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that distribution of age, sex, and metabolic syndrome parameters, such as blood glucose, obesity (BMI) and plasma lipids in the non-dipper group, were not significantly different from the dipper group, but the prevalence of non-dipper hypertension in diabetic patients was higher.

Background and Objectives: Today, the criteria of social acceptance and success, have changed, which affect psychological health, including self-esteem. On the other hand, obesity and overweight have increased in recent decades, which have many effects on the incidence of physical and psychological diseases. This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the relationship between obesity, waist circumference, and body fat with self-esteem in young men. Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 246 young men were randomly selected according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Demographic indicators were evaluated by a questionnaire, anthropometric measurements by introduced standards, and self-esteem by validated Rosenberg’ s questionnaire with Cronbach's coefficient of 0. 84. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, Chi-Square and multivariable logistic regression at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: In this study, 47% of the subjects had moderate self-esteem. In the modified model, the relationship between waist circumference and self-esteem was inverse. The rate of low self-esteem in body mass index groups was significant after adjustment of known confounding factors, and subjects with higher body mass index were more at risk. Conclusion: Overall, according to the results of this study, the waist circumference, and body mass index have an inverse relationship with self-esteem. Therefore, prospective studies can further help to understand the physiological and psychological relationships of this phenomenon.

Background and Objectives: Job Burnout is a psychological response and chronic emotional state. The aim of this study was to determine job burnout and its associated factors among the staff of medical laboratories in Yasuj city. Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study was performed on all the staff (105 subjects) of medical laboratories (public and private laboratories). Sampling was carried out using census method. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, a researcher-made checklist, and Maslach burnout inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi square tests. Results: In this study, 68. 6% of the subjects had mild emotional exhaustion, 56. 9% had mild depersonalization and 18. 6% had high level of inefficiency. The mean frequency of emotional exhaustion was 13. 9± 9. 2, depersonalization was 5. 3± 4. 2, and feeling of inefficiency was 27. 6± 10. 5. The mean intensity of emotional exhaustion was 13. 9± 9. 1, depersonalization was 5. 5± 4. 5, and feeling of inefficiency was 27. 7± 10. 1. A significant relationship was observed between job burnout dimensions and variables of age, number of work shifts per month, the number of visitors in a month, work experience, education level, sex, hope for job future, job security, financial and spiritual support of authorities, and family and relatives satisfaction from the person’ s job. There was also a significant relationship among the three aspects of job burnout. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, job burnout among the staffs of medical laboratories in Yasuj city was low and there was a significant relationship between different dimensions of job burnout. Therefore, identifying the predisposing and exacerbating factors of the authorities can be effective in the reduction of job burnout.

Background and Objectives: One of the rare side effects of abdominal and pelvic surgery is retained surgical instruments or dressings in the site of surgery. Secondary infertility due to retained foreign body in the pelvis is also one of the rare cases. Case Report: The case was a 40 year old para 1 woman with vaginal delivery without history of infertility, who had undergone myomectomy due to uterine fibroids. After the surgery, she presented with secondary infertility to the imaging center for hysterosalpingography in order to examine the uterus and uterine tubes. In the hysterosalpingography examination, the uterus cavity had normal shape and size, and right fallopian tube was blocked at the distal end and the left fallopian tube was blocked at the proximal end. In addition to the above findings, a suspicious image of a foreign body, was observed in the pelvis. In pelvic CT scan, the presence of a surgical gauze in the pelvic cavity and fallopian tube obstruction, were was confirmed. Since there is always the possibility of remaining foreign body in the surgical site, the control of surgical instruments by surgery team is necessary. The radiologist should also consider this possibility in diagnosis process.