RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

Attention deficit disorder along with hyperactivity (AOHO) is among the most controversial childhood and adolescent which have been subject to extensive studies, reported to be associated with a variety of adverse adolescent and adult outcomes, characterized by inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. This study aim at comparing the effects of the self-regulation of attentional behavior, self-regulation of motivational behaviors and verbal self-instruction on the academic self-efficacy and math performance of children with AOHO. The methodology utilized in this study is semi-experimental through which a random sampling procedure was conducted to replace 40 grade 3 students from the city of Tabriz in to four groups. Information gathering tools in the study comprised of diagnostic interview on the basis of OSMTR criteria, Interview with parents and teachers and children pathological symptoms questionnaire. The data gathered were analyzed through on-way variance and multi-variable variance procedures. The results reveal that: a) Instruction of self-regulation of motivational behavior and verbal self-instruction strategies has significant influences over AOHD student’s self-efficacy perceive b) Instruction of self-regulation of attention behavior strategies has positive meaningful effects on ADHO student's academic achievement.

The current investigation was aimed toward evaluating the factorial validity and reliability of the Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI) (Gadzella, 1991) in a sample of Iranian undergraduate students. The Farsi version of SLSr was administered to a sample of 419 students (166 males and 235 females). The confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency were used to compute the SLSI's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Combinatory Factor Analysis (CFA) revealed that the hierarchical model of SLSI demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data. The confirmatory factor analyses buttressed the notion that the SLSI is a valid measurement instrument in determining college student's stressors, reactions to stressors and their overall stress index.

The aim of this study is to compare behavioral disorders between school students that have fathers are working in Asaluye and school students that have fathers are working in residence. In this study, 100 students (50 subject with working father in Asaluye and 50 subject with working father in residence) were randomly selected of the primary school students of Shahr-e-kord. Teacher's and parent's versions of Rutter's Behavioral Disorders Questionnaire were completed for two groups. The results showed that group of students with working father in Asaluye were suffering more from prevalence of behavioral disorders than group of students that their fathers are working in residence. Differences of two groups were significant in hyperactivity - aggressiveness, depression - anxiety and attention deficit - distraction.

This study examined the relationship of emotional intelligenceand coping styles with general health in university students. 96 undergraduate students (50 boys and 46 girls) of tarbiat Moallem University were randomly selected and completed the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale and Coping style inventory and general health questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The result showed that Emotional Intelligence and emotion-oriented coping styles are significantly related with general health. Results of Step by step regression analysis showed that among the components of emotional intelligence use of emotion had positive relationships and emotion-oriented coping style had negative relationships with general health and explain a total of 22% of general health. However the predictive value of emotional coping was stronger. These finding highlight the importance of training of coping skills and developing of prevention programs for enhancing of emotional intelligence in relationship between SS, EI and SWB is more complex than previous literature university students.

In the recent years, Cognitive Theory of Stress (Lazarus, 1991) is presented as a theory for adulthood. This research examined the relationship between stress, cognitive appraisal and coping and the role of this relationship in affective-behavioral symptoms and physical and psychosocial health in children. We used a stratified random sampling procedure in recruiting 413 fifth grade school children in the city of Tehran (220 girls & 193 boys). Children responded to the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict (CPIC) scale, mothers responded to the overt hostility questionnaire of O'Leary - Porter Scale (OPS) and the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), and mothers and teachers responded to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results indicated the relationship between marital conflict with children's appraisals of interparental conflict and cognitive coping. Also we found that marital conflict and children's appraisals and coping can predict their psychopathological symptoms and health. In addition, marital conflict and children's appraisal of interparental conflict interact to predict their affective behavioral symptoms. The results in the form of Cognitive-Contextual Framework, Stress-Appraisal- Coping Theory and Developmental Systems Perspective in child psychopathology, confirm the independent and interactional role of two risk factors, marital conflict and children's negative appraisals, in their psychopathological symptoms and health problems.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of personality dimensions i.e. similarities and complementarities at Marital Satisfaction. The main sample includes 87 couples who were selected randomly from the married students of Tehran's Universities who were living in dormitory. Two instruments including ENRICH and NEO-FF-I questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data were analyses by correlation coefficient, regression and student's T. Four personality factors were revealed to be the similar dimensions. While neuroticism was considered to be the complimentarily factor, extraversion, agreeableness, openness and conscientiousness were revealed to be the similarity factors respectively. The Results showed a negative relationship between neuroticism, as a complimentary factor, with marital satisfaction and a positive relationship between extraversion and agreeableness with marital satisfaction.

Recent cognitive research show that each disorders have biases in different areas of information processing system (Mogg et al., 2000). Cognitive theories of emotion claim that anxiety leads to selective attention for cues related to threat. Several models state that attention in social phobia is directed towards threatening stimuli that related specifically to concerns about negative evaluation (Clark and Wells, 1995). Clark and Wells (1995) also propose that people with social phobia may avoid attending to the social situation as well. To solve this contradiction the vigilance- avoidance hypothesis (Mogg et aI., 1997) suggests that hyper vigilance is followed by avoidance of the threat stimulus, which serves a defensive function. Since these sorts of processing occur in a proportional second, the claims of theories could not be tested by questionnaire.In the article, the theoretical fundamental are discussed. We also show that how a computerized visual probe task could be developed to test such processing.