RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Year:2008 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

This research aimed to investigate the impact of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on depression, negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitude.A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design including an experimental group and a control group was used. Of about 1000 students living in university dormitories, 150 students randomly were selected from all students living in the University dormitories. Then, they all filled in BDI. Of those who scored 15 or above on BDI, 30 were randomly selected and randomized in two groups. Both groups filled in the questionnaires, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS), before and after the therapy. The experimental group took part in an eight-session benefiting from a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) procedure.No treatment was received by the control group. Each MBCT session took about 1.5 - 2 hours. Then, the data were analyzed by using SPSS 13 for Windows and the research hypotheses were tested conducting a series of two-way ANOVAs, Pearson Product- Moment Correlation tests and Independent t-tests to investigate the effects of the therapy. The results indicated that a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy decreases negative automatic thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, and depression.The results confirmed the hypotheses. Furthermore, the findings will be theoretically discussed in comparison with previous studies.

The aim of the present study was to study the effect of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)on everyday memory and episodic memory (Memory in real world & Free recall, Recognition). Therefore, women suffering PMS with age mean 33 were tested before and after menstrual period. In everyday memory, Sunderland test used, whereas in episodic memory, a visual learning test was used. The results of both every day memory and episodic memory tests showed a memory deficit before the menstrual period compared to often the period. It was concluded that MPS has a negative effect in these two types of memory.Since many women suffer and experience PMS and PMS is associated with different impairments such as social, behavioral and cognitive in needs more attention both at individual and society levels.

Medical patients construct schematic representations of illness which may impact on their recovery and adjustment with their medical condition. The purpose of the present study was to examine relationship between the history of myocardial infraction (MI) and illness representations among post-MI patients. One hundred seventy six consecutive patients following MI admitted to the CCU wards were selected. Brief Illness Perception questionnaire (B-IPQ), Beck Depression Inventory and demographic questionnaire were used. Chi-squared test, Student's t-test, MANCOVA and Covariance were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that 30.1% had previous MI. The results of MANCOVA indicated that Significant difference between two groups in B-IPQ scores (F= 2.653, P= 0.025). The results of covariance showed that significant differences in three domains of illness perception including identity (F= 4.776, P= 0.03), consequences (F= 70671, P= 0.006) and timeline (F= 10.092, P= 0.002). However, there were no significant differences in controllability (F=0.165 P= 0.687) and treatability (F=0.26, P=0.611) between two groups. Findings confirmed that the post MI patients with previous MI form more negative illness cognitions than the post MI patients with first MI, that is, they interpreted their MI as a more adverse event. Thus, previous MI may impact on perception of identity, consequences and timeline of MI. However, these findings did not support such effects for perception of controllability and treatability of the disease. Therefore, post MI patients with previous MI likely develop negative schema about some dimensions of illness perception.

The disasters like earthquake can influence negatively on children mental health and development, even cause delay in their development. In Dey, 1382 a destroyer earthquake happened in Bam that lead to destruction mental and physical hurt to Bam's citizenship. This article studies the result of family drawing test on children who were hurt in the earthquake. So 41 girls and 22 boys (n= 63), resting in Almahdi camp were selected by accessible sampling and were tested by family drawing test. To investigate the effects of being in the earthquake, loosing one of the family members and sex on Depression, Anxiety, Regression, Aggression and low self-esteem, was used U-Manvitny. Findings showed that boys represented strongly symptoms in Depression, Regression, Aggression and low self-esteem in comparison with girls. Children who experienced the earthquake just showed significant different in Aggression. Loosing one of the family members wasn't significant variable.It seems that hurt boy's from earthquake showed more maladaptive symptoms compared to girls. Being in earthquake is the effective factors to increasing aggression and exercising anger after trauma.

The main purpose of this research were the investigate relations between belief to the just and unjust world, behavioral justice and justice in evaluation with distress at school among guidance schools students in Esfahan city. For reach to the research aims, from guidance school's students, 467 persons selected with using two stage sampling to answer research questionnaires. Questionnaires which used in research were: personal belief to the just world with 7 items, belief to an unjust world with 3 items, behavioral justice with one item, justice in evaluation with 3 items and distress at school with 2 items. Data analyzed with using person's correlation coefficient and moderated hierarchical regression analysis. Results showed that there are negative significant relations between belief to the just world with belief to the unjust world (r=- 0.145) and distress at school (r=-0.232). There were positive significant relations between belief to the just world with justice in evaluation (r=0.302) and behavioral justice (r=0.208). Belief to the unjust world have negative significant relations with justice in evaluation (r=-0.139) and behavioral justice (r=-0.105). Also justice evaluation have positive significant relation with behavioral justice (r=0.457) and negative significant relation with distress at school (r=0.308). Also behavioral justice have negative significant relation with distress at school (r=-0.308). The results of moderated hierarchical regression showed that, gender moderate the relation between behavioral justices with distress at school. That is, the relation between behavioral justices with distress was highest for sisters than boys.

This study examined the relationship between the personality traits neuroticism (N) and academic stress in the prediction of subjective well-being. 175 students (77 male and 98 female) completed the Big Five Inventory (BFI), the Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI), and the Scales of Subjective Well-being. Models of moderation and mediation among, neuroticism, academic stress and subjective well-being were examined using regression analysis. High-N individuals than low-N individuals under exposure to academic stressors and reactions to stressors (academic stress) reported lower scores on the scales of subjective well-being. Additionally, academic stress partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and positive affect and negative affect scales and completely mediated the relationship between neuroticism and life satisfaction scale. Taken together the results of this study indicate that (a) high level of neuroticism exacerbate the effect of academic stress in the prediction of subjective well-being, and (b) a portion of the effect of neuroticism on scales of subjective wellbeing may be attributed to differential exposure to academic stress.

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of cognitive-Behavior stress reduction training to reducing of working mothers stress according to stressor traits mother-child. First, 130 nursing working in Tehran hospitals that matched on age, number of children and physical health selected and they were evaluated using "parenting stress index". Second, 24 mothers with a high level stress on the study, shared two matched groups of experimental and controlled group, were under training of stress-reduction technique for 13 weeks, but, the controlled group didn't receive any training, the level of stress in both groups were assessed before and after the training. In order to analyze the data, via the basic statistical methods such as mean and standard T-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis (step by step) were applied. The result of this study showed that: the effect of cognitive- Behavior stress reduction training method was effective (useful) in reducing stress and a few stressor traits of mother-child.