Journal of Communication Research
Year:2017 | Volume:24 | Issue:2 (90) |Papers Count:8

This study modeled a media policy-making for the Islamic Radios and Televisions Union using grounded theory method. Data were collected through In-depth interview method and sampling applied using snowball technique, and data analyzed through three stages of coding (open, axial, and selective). The study interviewed 23 managers and members of the Islamic Radios and Televisions Union and experts in the field of media. During the interviews, more than 1091 primary codes, 480 secondary codes, 170 conceptual codes, and 33 categories were obtained which were categorized into five categories and comprised different components of the model. The first component was the lack of making competitive thinking mechanisms that were selected as causal conditions. causal conditions contributed to a layout in which the second component were realized, the main phenomenon (or the need for making management mechanisms). The next component was strategy model. Other components were Intervener conditions (making research and supervisory mechanisms), and existing context (making political and cultural mechanisms) that, by influencing the strategy, was the basis for the realization of the main phenomenon in this model. The last component or the result of the model was derived from the categorization of categories.

While Kids and adolescents are the largest and most permanent TV audiences, a significant portion of TV programs is made for adults and is not commensurate with their understanding and biological experience. So it may harm their mental, emotional, moral and physical growth. Most countries have developed a system of rating programs to protect children against inappropriate or harmful subjects. The research was conducted with the aim of understanding the theoretical foundations and similarities of this system in Islamic countries comparing of European and American countries including America, France, Malaysia and Turkey. This research was conducted by documentary method (including study of laws, regulations, systems and processes of legislation, implementation, monitoring and control). The findings show that these systems are defined in all countries using the age classification based on a semiotic system consist of letters, numbers positive and negative symptoms. This is done with regard to law and under the Media Regulatory Authority (an independent legal entity with legislative, executive, and judicial functions) and implemented within the framework of the codified guidelines. The main distinctions between them are permitted sexual relationships or references, delinquency, and abnormal in terms of Prohibitions and limitations of content, how to define and categorize content subject to rating by age, based on the normative system of society including Inappropriate speeches, nudity, adult topics and relationships.

Since children and adolescents are more affected by TV programs compared to adults, the organization (IRIB) needs a scientific approach of policy- making in the field of children and adolescents programming to enhance the organization's contribution to trait upcoming generation. The first step is to recognize the present condition. This research studied the condition of the organization in policy- making in the field of children and adolescents programming from 2004 to 2014. The research was carried out using grounded theory strategy with Glazier Approach and semi-structured interview with IRIB managers, heads of departments and experts of children and adolescents field programming to gather data. The result of the study was 477 codes, 97 concepts and, finally, 14 categories including the main category "priority of mentality and taste on policies", and categories of "replacing values and goals with policies", "lack of policy", "neglecting the children’s issue at the macro level of the organization", "lack of effective supervisory structure", "separated operations in organization policy-making", "budget deficit pressure", "not training human resource", "lack of proper way to transfer policies", "structural changes", "extreme focusing on audience", "change the audience taste", "unemployment of children program producers", and finally, "aimless and irregular starring".

Paternalism is a concept based on power, influence, authority and proof of a male in the context of family. Media is a way through which the system is reproduced in society. Identifying the type of masculinity depicted in the series Setayesh is one the objectives of the paper. First, 27 scenes were selected from scenes representing patriarchy and masculinity to determine their explicit and implicit implications after analyzing semiotics at the micro level. Then the symbols extracted at micro level were analyzed in relation to the overall context of Iranian society with regard to discursive semiotics approach. The most important result of the research shows that the masculinity represented in this series is of the punishment masculinity through which father's violence, domination and conscience are prioritized in the family structure. This series presents a kind of weakened masculinity by representing and disseminating new forms of masculinity that are in conflict with the suitable pattern with indigenous culture. In this way, it doubts the existence and ideology of the patriarchal system. The imagination in this series is that the media, with regard to other external and environmental factors, criticize the stability of patriarchal order and provide an unstable picture of the patriarchal system. On the succession, such a system is replaced by patriarchal order without replacing a desirable or conventional pattern.

One of the obstacles to the conceptual development of Resistive Economy is the primary different perceptions of the dimensions of Resistive Economy among different experts, including media practitioners. Because of the extended scope of dissemination and speed of diffusion of information in cyberspace, the research conducted by content analysis method encompassing disseminated content about Resistive Economy from news agencies and websites. The statistical population were all written texts related to the Resistive Economy published in 2015. The findings show that the studied media highlighted relevant institutions in light of supporting or not supporting Resistive Economy based on time and issues disseminated through media streams. The media issued little content about policy-making and providing operational strategies on Resistive Economy discourse. Also, they merely focused on the concept of Resistive Economy and couldn't provide a solution to audiences based on current and everyday issues.

The purpose of this research is to identify the inhibitory factors of developing the culture of public sport by the TV of IRIB, which is carried out with qualitative exploration approach. The statistical population is comprised of experts and activists in the field of public sport, sports media, sports practitioners and sports academy professors who have experience in the field of media which are selected by snowball sampling method. The data were collected through interview after which the 14th interview, theoretical saturation was achieved. The research used qualitative content analysis method to analyze the data. The research findings included 15 components in the structural branch, 9 components in the context branch, and 7 components in the content branch, totaling 31 components. According to the results of these, officials can take affective steps to promote and expand the public sport.