JOURNAL OF EARTH AND RESOURCES
Year:2011 | Volume:4 | Issue:1 (10)|Papers Count:10

Porosity and permeability are the main parameters in describing petro physical properties of the reservoir. The difference between gas and liquid permeabilities is usually due to rapid movement of gas molecules in the porous media. This rapid movement of gas molecules results in gas slippage and is known as Klinkenberg Effect. Since gas permeability measurement is faster and less expensive than measuring liquid permeability, proposing a model for predicting liquid permeability from gas permeability is of great importance. In this study, we are considering the relation between liquid permeability and Klinkenberg permeability and air permeability measured in laboratory. As the results show, there is a good accuracy between absolute air permeability and Klinkenberg permeability. Arranging the samples according to hydraulic flow units will result in better accuracy.

Joint study is one of the most important methods of identifying and analyzing of tectonic in mines particularly quarries. Joints and their specifications Studies can help the mine designer to modeling and quarrying direction design and choosing extract method. Bard-e-Shiraz marble quarry is located in Surian, Abadeh, Fars province in central of Iran. This mine has been worked since 18 years ago. It has been extracted by diamond wire method. Today it has seven steps. In this paper after introducing the mine and joint studies method, the means of research has showed. At first the places of stations located and then joint specifications (direction, spacing, dip and dip direction) were identified by radial window method. Then related tables and charts were provided by software. Finally the optimized method and quarrying direction and useful recommendations were introduced.

The Kalibar І exploration district is located in the north of City Ahar, Azarbayejan Sharghi province as a part of the Alborz-Azarbayejan structural zone. Eocene-age acid to intermediate volcanic rocks together with less abundant granite to granodiorite intrusions comprise the major rocks in the Kalibar area with the latter hosting much of the mineralization. The Kalibar district was recognized as a prospect during regional geochemical survey of Ahar sheet (scale: 1.100000). A number of 801 stream-sediment samples were taken and analyzed in this research for their U and Th contents and such pathfinder elements as As, Nb, Bi, Mo, Pb, Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, and Sr employing the ICP analytical technique. The Kalibar district comprise a geochemical anomaly associated with samples of abnormally higher-than-background radioactive element contents. The "background" values for U and Th in the study area have been determined as 4.9 ppm and 22.4 ppm, respectively. The authenticity of the geochemical anomalies has been checked by field observations. The role of hydrothermal fluids in creating the geochemical anomalies and hence uranium mineralization is implied by the presence of mineralized quartz veins and extensive hydrothermal alterations in the host granitic rocks. The close relationship between mineralized quartz veins and the structural features in the area suggest that fractures probably acted as conduits to transport U-bearing hydrothermal fluids. The high correlation between U and Th, and such elements as Fe, Na, La, Nb, and Cd indicate that U and Th might have been derived from a common source. Noting the susceptibility of U to weathering and leaching processes and the permeability of the host rocks to mineralization, the search for the presence of supergene mineralization could be promising.

Blasting is a key component of mining, dam and tunnel construction operations. Rock are fragmented by the released energy of blasting. However, it has been determined that only 20%-30% of the energy is used for fragmantion, the rest appear in the from of ground vibration, ari-overpressure and fly rock. Blast induced ground vibration has a detrimental effect on nearby structures like buildings, dams, rods. It is very important to control and measure the vibration. This paper introduces dynamic waves on the underground structures, controlling method of dynamic waves induced by blasting in the base of peak particle velocity and finally design of shafts boring in Gotvand dam. In this paper, by using of blastmate recorded data in different locations during the blasting in Gotvand dam's shaft. The maximum charge weight per delay and peak particle velocity (PPV) were recorded for 15 blast events (27 blast data sets) on various distance. Comparison of methods by non-linear regression and multiple variable regression for prediction of blast induced peak particle velocity.

Daralu copper deposit is located in Kerman province and in intrusive-volcanic belt, Urumieh–Dokhtar. The volcanic rocks are related to Razak formation with Eocene age and intrusive rocks are related to Oligocene age. These rocks are attacked with hydrothermal solutions and so are mineralized and altered. Field, laboratory and computer research are indicated that intrusive and sub volcanic rocks in Daralu are Calc-alkaline with Andian Type that in the course of "I" type magmas eruption during the Oligomiocene are fixed. This complex is located in continental margin volcanic arc related to subduction zone.

Development of mine part has the main axes of country management that its purpose is suitable use of earth resource, independent and employment. Regarding to place of Playas in spreading of mine and view of salt flats and brines properties in Sistan and Baluchestan province have done remote sensing investigations with use of patterns and world standards. Exploration surveys of playas have done with use of related to data of geological maps, Aster and ETM satellite image interpretation. Identified and separated salt lakes and swamps of playa led to reorganized of favorable areas with use of satellite images in view of reflection properties of element constitutions (water, Salts and impurities) and remote sensing techniques such as band ratio and band composition.

Multiple Correspondence Analysis & Cluster Analysis (MCACA), firstly developed in this paper, extracts the main advantages of Multiple Correspondence Analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, and unifies the R-and Q-mode cluster analysis of large data set. A systemic program to recognize the regional geochemical patterns is built up based on this method. With this program, the complex tasks for data interpretation can be achieved by simple processes, and important geochemical information can be displayed by a single diagram, i.e. the dendrogram. As a case study, the regional geochemical pattern recognition for Ashin sheet by scale of 1:100,000 in Isfahan province is introduced. The results show that many hidden geochemical patterns related to the lithologies, structures and etc. are revealed by the geochemical image, and that the main geochemical patterns are related with certain geological patterns. By finding contrasts between geochemical patterns and geological patterns, the MCACA results assist the geological mapping in this area. Stream sediment geochemical data obtained in Iran regional geochemical exploration provides useful information regarding geology and other factors, and the method described in this paper provides a new way to examine this type of resource.

the study area in Fars province and the range maps 1.100000 Sargedar and 1.200000 Darab is located. Set during the paper map 1.100000 Srgdar still not printing stage and in the study area map 1.200000 Darab supplied by oil companies and no information has not been traced. Aim of identifying potential iron ore mining is based on satellite image processing study has been done. Methods used include FCC, split band, filtering, calculation of OIF, PCA, DPCA, classified satellite images and spectral signatures of the desired range and comparison with standard spectral signature of iron ore and spectral signatures observed in the mining goals Gohar Sirjan, leading to new mineral potential was identified.