SOCIAL RESEARCH
Year:2009 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:10

Hirschi’s (1969) Social Control Theory has been cited in previous literature to explain deviance, in Particular juveniles delinquency, for years. Hirschi (1969) suggests there are four bonds: attachment, Commitment, involvement, and belief of which a person must have at least one in order for delinquency to be prevented. The elements of Hirschi’s social bond theory have become the subject of considerable attention by criminologists. Most litcrture on the subject holds that involvement and belief are two of the weakest parts of Hirschi’s social bond theory. This paper consideres the literature on these and other potential” involvement mechanisms. “My results found that Hirschi’s(1969) Social Control Theory is still important in predicting status offenses. Howevere, results varied for each status offense, which indicates that the bonds affect truancy, and running away from home differently. In addition, results for commitment are somewhat confusing since each question measuring commitment found different results. Future researchers also should use a longitudinal method of data collection to find if the bonds very in predicting delinquency over the years. However, some of my findings seem to question some aspects of this theory. Further research needs to be done to determine whether Hirschi’s (1969) thory is still a good predictor of delinquency. Based on a self-report study of high school, this paper studied the strengths of selected family variables, school variables, peer variables, and media variables, in the prediction of juveniles delinquency behavior. Multiple regression results show that the equation containing peers delinquency behaviors, frequency of media exposure, parents delinquency behaviors, parents negative evaluation, teachers negative evaluation, explained the greatest amount of variance of juveniles delinquency behaviors.

Gender inequality is one of the issues that human has always been being faced during the past centeries. Only the type of inequalities has changed in time and space conditions according to the culture of each society.Family as the first foundation in which the individual opens his eyes, whether belonging to the developed or developing countries is the most important factor in transferring gender discrimination because the child’s mind is clean in his initial years of life and he is substantially influenced by this environment due to his close relationship with family members particularly mother.The main objective of this research is to study whether or not there is gender inequality in Ilam families. And as mothers, how do women create gender inequality?From other objectives of the research is to study different types of gender inequality in the family. Also in this research, we study the relationship between employment and cultural asset of mothers with creating gender inequality in family.The research theoretical framework has been selected based on liberal feminist theory and Saroukhani. Theory research method includes two sections “documentary” and “survey”.Research population includes the women in Ilam city, whose children are of both sexes (daughter and son). The sample includes 330 subjects. The sampling method is cluster method. Data analysis is done by SPSS software. According to research findings, gender inequality has been observed in three areas of norm, education and economic in most Ilami families.As mothers, women play important roles in creating gender inequality among their daughters and sons in the family.There is a reverse relationship between mothers’ employment and creating gender inequality. Most part of gender inequality is produced by housekeeping mothers. Also mothers who allocate their spare times to studying book, magazine and newspaper have the least rank in gender inequality. Mothers who spend their spare time taking part in religious and cultural meetings produce the most gender inequality in the family. At the end it should be said that most amount of inequality is in norm inequality and the least inequality is in economic area.

Objectives: The study was designed to show how prostitution is a real treat to every society.Methodolog: This qualitative research was conducted in Ewin prison of Tehran. The main porpose was to compare teo groups of women-prostitutes and ordinary ones.Findings: The results reveal that relations There are significat between social status of the family, Addiction in the family, social deviances of family member. The Kind of relationship, Remarriage observing sex relations and Prostitution.

The present research was conducted in order to compare the result obtain from administration of  MMPI. In this study, subjects (pilots, physicians & teachers) were randomly selected and tested. The subjects were also interviewed after the test administration. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, Post Hoc Tukey. The result indicate that pilots were high in L & Hy factors, which also were significantly higher than factors of two other groups. The physicians were high in K factor, which also were significantly higher than other two groups. The teachers were high in Pa, Pt, Pd & D factors.

The present study considers the lack of underground water resources as well as the factors causing it, as a social problem. It further identifies that organized social participation of the local individuals is the main solution to the problem. Conceptual and theoretical framework of the article is based on an Agency-based approach. The instrument used in the study is a survey questionnaire developed by the researcher. Some 90 individuals were interviewed in the course of the study. Reliability of the measure was examined by Cronbach's alpha. The instrument had a formal, construct validity. F-test and Pearson’s test were used to examine the study’s hypotheses. The research findings indicate that there is a relationship between social participation and social-economic status of individuals. Another finding of the study shows that "limited good" and "the kind of decision-making pattern in consuming water", have great influence on organized participation of the people in the society.

The principle aim of present research project is to find out different facets of cultural situation in Roudehen Unit of Azad Islamic University. The method used in this research is survey and the statistic population consists of all students, administration employees and academic staff of the above university. In order to determine the sampling size, Cochrane formulae has been applied and 800 Subjects have been selected with cluster random sampling. Tools used are the questionnaire to determine religious view, and scoring is in Likert's method. The rate of validity of the questionnaire was according to Alfa test of Koronbukh and it was 83% for academic staff, 86% for students and 88% for employees. In the present research project the variable factor of religious situation, political participation and societal interests was surveyed as the forming characteristics of cultural situation of the university. To analyze the data and with regards to the nature and method of this research project, data were first studied and controlled, and then processed with Sass software programme, and taking into account the type of theories, Deductive statistic methods such as simple regression, t test of individual groups and analysis of intra-case variant, were surveyed. The results showed that academic staffs are more participant in political, social and religious events; therefore have the highest cultural situation.In comparing men and women participation: men score higher percentage of participation in political events, while women have higher percentage in social participation. But the overall comparison of the factors does show meaningful significant difference.

The purpose of this paper is to study social development status of 9 townships in Tehran province. Using descriptive-archieve method and toxanomy analysis, 8 social criteria were comprised. The results indicate that these townships are congruence on social criteria. Also, Teheran township and Rey township have first and latest ranks, respectively.

Basic purpose of this research is to study the effect of executing political of law 44 constitution and privatice about post services on improvement of productivity and increase the rate of customers satisfaction, so Babol Post Office considered for doing current research as a sample.This research is done by applied research method and its population Babol citizen and 400 subjects were determined as a study sample which sample by rendom siz appropriate sampeling random sampling fit to society volume.In first part of current research, Paid to study and comparison of financial operation, rate of income to cost (General productivity index) and rate of traffic to income in 2 years 2006-2007 in two parts individual and governmental. Results show that the rate of General productivity index in individual part is higher than governmental part and the rate of terrific index to incom of governmental part is more than individual part.Second part of research, is related to the rate of the rate of customers satisfaction that tools of measurement for results is questioner that tuned base on scale of polar slice spectrum. For determining validity of measure used from experts, masters point of view and for determining stability of Pirson coefficient. Also, results of observation measurement of customer has been showed that the rate of satisfaction of provided services in individual part was more than governmental part.