JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN CROP SCIENCES
Year:2014 | Volume:6 | Issue:24|Papers Count:11

To study the impact of cobalt gamma rays 60 on the morphologic traits and quality of fatty acids of two types of canola, an experiment was carried out in split plot, completely random blocks with four replications in the educational and research farm of IAU in farming season of 1388-9 in Yasooj branch. The two cultivars of Talayeh and Okapi were chosen as the main factors and the six different levels of radiation including 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 gray were taken as the sub-plot factors. The results showed that all the traits were under the impact of radiation. The highest seed yield was 3985.26 kg/h, the percentage of oil was 48.32, the percentage of linoleic acid was 11.45, the weight of 1000-grain 5.26g, the yield index 31.5, and the plant height was obtained from 100 gray dose. The highest and lowest seed yield 3998.12 and 1545.81 kg/h were taken from the treatment of 100 gray with Okapi cultivar and 500 gray with Talayeh cultivar. The highest percentage of oil was 49.65 gray and Talayeh treatment; and the lowest percentage of oil with 500 gray and Okapi dose were attained. The highest and lowest yield index were 34.7 and 17.7 respectively from 100 gray treatment with Okapi cultivar and 500 gray with the Talayeh type.200 gray dose with Okapi cultivar the highest 12.7 and 500 gray dose with Talayeh of 7.6 produced the least percentage of linoleic acid.

To study the germination and plantlet growth in heterotrophic stage of balm mint, an experiment was carried out in complete random plots in four replications 0, 4, 12, 16 and 20 DC Siemens on sodium chloride. In this study the impact of sodium chloride on the percentage and speed of germination, and the percentage of the reduction of germination in balm mint was not meaningful, but it was significant for the index of germination, time to %50 germination, the length of stalk and rootlet to the length of the stalk and rootlet and the dry and wet weight of plantlet. The highest (122 hours) time of germination, 50 percent of the seeds related to the salinity of 4 and 20 DC Siemens to meter respectively. The longest stalklet (3.91cm) and rootlet (1.97cm) were obtained from control treatment and the lowest stalklet length (1.11cm) and rootlet (0.46cm) of 20 DC Siemens to meter. This difference in the process of length changes, led to the maximum and minimum ratio of stalklet length to rootlet respectively in the salinity of 4 and 16 DC Siemens to meter. The highest wet weight (95.7 mg) and dry (7.68 mg) of the plantlet were obtained from salinity of 4 and lowest wet weight (64.5 mg) and dry (5.73 mg) of the plantlet were 20 DC Siemens to meter.

To study the impact of the different amounts of sulfur on the PH of soil, the component yield of silage sorghum in the alkaloid soil, an experiment was carried out in the farming year of 1392 in the agricultural site of Negine Sabz company in Maku. It was based on complete random block design with three replications. Fertilizing treatments in this research were in seven levels without sulfur consumption (control) 150 kg/h, 300 kg sulfur per hectare, 450 kg sulfur per hectare, 600 kg sulfur per hectare, 300 kg sulfur plus bio-sulfur bio fertilizer 600 kg plus bio-sulfur bio fertilizer on the forage sorghum speed feed. The results of the analysis variant traits showed that the amount of sulfur consumption had meaningful effects on the height and diameter of stalk, the leaf area, number of leaves, yield of wet weight, biologic yield, percentage of protein and soil acidity; but didn't have significant impact on the index of chlorophyll and electrical conduction of soil. The highest yield of wet forage was about the 7th fertilizing treatment of sulfur (control) had the lowest amount. The highest biological yield was 13550 kg/h. In general, the consumption of 600 kg sulfur together with biosulfur had the highest impact and the highest percentage of 12.36 kg of protein in average was attained.

To study the impact of selenium spraying and drought tension on some traits of corn Ns 640 cultivar, an experiment was carried out in split plot with complete random blocks in three replications in research farm of agricultural college of Urmia university in 1392. The experimental treatments included four levels of selenium spraying (control, % 162, % 243, and % 324 g per litre); as the secondary factor and the irrigation treatments in three levels (80, 60, and 40 percent of farming capacity); as the main factor. The results showed that the traits of the stalk height, 1000-seed weight, protein percentage, chlorophyll a and b, seed yield and the rate of selenium of seed were under the significant selenium and irrigation treatments. The biologic yield was under the impact of selenium but the irrigation treatment didn' t have meaningful effect on this trait. The highest stalk height (246cm), protein percentage (%12.31), seed yield (14678.8 kg/h) were obtained respectively from irrigation treatments in %80, %60, and %80 of farming capacity. Selenium spraying and selenium treatment with %243g concentration per litre had the highest amount of the mentioned traits.

To study the impact of pre-treatment of magnetic and ultra sound waves of the yield of forage corn of 704, an experiment was carried out in factorial complete random blocks with three replications and two factors on a field in Badalboo village, 15 km north of Urmia in 1392. The first factor was the magnetic field including 40, 80 milli-tesla in 20 minutes and the control; the second factor was the sound waves including two levels with 40, 80 k. h. in two minutes with control. The results showed that the traits of the stalk height, the number of nodes, leaf area, the corn weight ratio, percentage of the protein, and the weight of forage were under the impact of sound waves. The trait of the number of nodes was also under magnetic field. The interactive impact of magnetic field in second waves was significant on the stalk height, number of leaves, wet weight of the stalk, and percentage of protein. The combination of two pre-treatment of ultra-sound and magnetic wave in average wave level caused %20 increase in the forage.

Salicylic acid has significant role in the different stages of plant development (phenology). This molecular messenger plays an active role in the plant's defensive response. To elaborate this, studying morpho-physiologic and biochemical, salicylic acid priming (SA) impacts in 6 levels (500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, and 1750 micromullar per litre) together with hydro-priming and control on the hemp seeds in the complete random blocks in 4 replications in the laboratory and greenhouse setting was designed and carried out. The results indicated the meaningful impact of the priming seeds of the hemp, with SA and distilled water on the antioxidant (CAT, POD), the significant indexes of germination (P<0.05), and biologic yield of (P<0.05). With the increase of the levels SA, biological yield had ascending process, and in the highest SA level, it showed 43 percent increase in relation to control. Therefore the usage of external SA increased the germination, better establishment of plantlet and improvement of significant indexes in plant physiology specifically in the primary stages of growth which had influence on the biological yield of the plant.

To investigate the effect of Nitroxin biofertilizer and Nitrogen chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of two varieties of rapeseed, an experiment was carried out in the research field of IAU in Shirvan branch in the farming season 2012-3. Two levels of nitroxin biofertilizer and five levels of nitrogen fertilizer from the Urea source were used in it. The varieties were Octanz and Tassilo. The experiment was split split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. During the growing season and after harvesting, some special traits were recorded. The results showed that seed yield of Tassilo was significantly higher than Octanz at the rate of %6.6. This yield difference was because of %24 increment of silique amount in Tassilo. The consumption of 200 kg urea fertilizer increased seed and biological yield by %12.7 and %12 respectively in comparison with the control. The use of 2 litre/h Nitrogen also increased seed and biological yield around %4. Increasing the use of urea fertilizer added to the nitrogen biofertilizer impact on seed yield. Using nitroxin biofertilizer accompanied with 100, 150, and 200 kg/h Urea chemical fertilizer, increased seed yield 3, 5 and %7.4 respectively. The variety of Octanz showed better reaction to nitroxin biofertilizer. Therefore, the variety of Tassilo is preferred to Octanz because of its equal seed yield and less Urea fertilizer without nitroxin biofertilizer consumption.

To study the impact of nitroxin and fertile phosphate 2 biofertilizers on the traits of sesame, an experiment was carried out in factorial on the completely random blocks with two factors and three replications in Khoy vicinity in 1393. The first factor was phosphorus in three levels (control, fertile phosphate 2 biofertilizer with 100 kg/h super phosphate triple and 200 kg phosphate triple per hectare); second factor was nitrogen in 4 levels (control, nitroxin with 100 kg/ h urea, nitroxin with 150 kg/h and 200 kg urea per hectare). The results showed that the impact of fertile phosphorus 2 and nitroxin biofertilizers on the height of the stalk, the number of subsidiary bushes on the stalk, the number of capsules and the seeds in them, oil percentage and seed yield and harvesting index were significant. The highest seed yield was respectively 1274.4 and 1232.5 kg/h and 200kg/h super phosphate triple and fertile phosphate 2 treatment together with 100 kg/h super phosphate triple. The highest seed yield by 1264.83 and 1246.12 kg/h respectively belonged to nitroxin biologic fertilizer together with the consumption of 200 kg/h and 150 kg/h urea with nitroxin. The results of the experiments showed that the usage of fertile phosphate biofertilzer 2 decreased the consumption of super phosphare triple by 50 percent; and the usage of nitroxin biofertilizer reduced the consumption of urea chemical fertilizer by %25.

In the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blocks with two factors and three replications in Chaypareh, in 1393. The first planting method included two levels (plot and mound stream), the second one with nitrogen fertilizer in six levels (control, biofertilizer of bionitroxin together with 50 kg of urea chemical fertilizer; nitroxin biofertilizer with 150 kg urea, and 200 kg urea chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer had significant impact on the height of stalk, diameter of bush and anthodium, 100-grain weight, number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen in complete use of urea fertilizer treatments and nitrogen biofertilizer with 150 kg urea chemical fertilizer. These two treatments, in seed yield, were in one statistical group which are recommended for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and environment preservation by which %25 of urea fertilizer consumption is reduced. The effect of planting method was also meaningful to the brush height, plate and stalk diameter, 100-seed weight, the number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen as 599.08 kg per square meter by planting on stream mound method. In this case, plant uses the natural resources efficiently and the seed yield is increased by %20 in mound planting method.

To study the impact of planting array and micro-fertilizer on the yield and yield components of oil sunflower, lakumka cultivar in the second farming, an experiment was carried out on the complete random blocks with three replications in Khoy vicinity in 1393. The planting array factor was in three levels of 50×20, 60×16, and 70×14 cm; and the three factors of macro-nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in three recommended levels of 150 and 125 percent. The variance analysis results showed that the effect of planting array on the trait of seed yield and oil yield was meaningful. By the increase of fertilizer consumption by 150 percent, the second yield increased from 1237.7 kg to 1370 kg per hectare, and by the reduction of the space between planting rows from 70 cm to 50 cm, the seed yield increased from 1196.7 kg per hectare to 1446.7 kg per hectare.