JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:9|Papers Count:9

Regarding to this fact that the port of Immam khomeini is one of the biggest ports of Iran and considering the high amount of sedimentation in the docks of this port in addition to being in the vicinity of Mosa estuary ecosystem, a research has been conducted during (2010-2011) and the environmental risks due to dredging operation of the docks of Immam Khomeini port, have been identified, ranked and evaluated. For this proposed, first the elements creating the hazards risks of the dredging operation have been identified by using Delphi questionnaire and to be completed by Experts and afterwards for determining the feasibility of risk occurrence Expert Choice software and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used. For determinations of risk intensity and probability of discovery of each risk and also the risk numbers, the method of breaking risk factors has been applied. In accordance with the results obtained, in the dredging operation which has been performed in the physical and chemical environment, the following risks can be occur as the most important risks: The morphological alteration and disruption in the river bed, respectively, 12.4-6.39. The disruption of the biological environment of the bed habitat and destruction of the benthic species, respectively, 10.8-3.32. The effect of the socio‐economic environment on injuries and member amputation, respectively 5.07-2.53. The most important human risks in dredging operation are increasing turbidity by 6.08 Unit and reduction in fisheries by 12.05.

Present study was conducted in Goater and Goater bay, shrimp farm site located in east of Chabahar in Sistan and Baluchestan Province from July 2010 un l November 2010.In this project five stations at Goater, Goater bay, were selected in around of the supply channel, drainage channel, and the estuary to determine physical and chemical factors such as, Temperature, Salinity, Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Total Phosphor and Total Nitrogen. Sampling conducted once, during the shrimp culturing period and monthly at other times. The results revealed that in this five stations the above characters may be difference during the period of study. Using statically analyses, (ANOVA) for analyzing of chemical and physical factors, indicates, in confidence level of 95% (P<0.05) there are significant difference between different stations. In this site there isn't any thermal pollution. The result show that, aquaculture activities caused an increase in the average of salinity, range of pH in the drainage channel but if the managers of the site do not control environmental health condition, these factors will led to critical conditions.

Currently Sefidroud River is not the only aquatic supply of life and agriculture demands in Guilan province but it supplies drink water for its surrounding cities, so that the water quality of this river is important because its quality affects the health of around society. This study was carried out to assess the water quality of this River. Water quality evaluation according to NSFWQI, not only determines present water quality situation but also can be helpful for sustainable use of this important river. In this study, water quality changes during winter, spring and summer of 2011 in five stations along the river were monitored by water sampling and water analysis according to USA standard method. Results showed that the maximum NSFWQI belongs to Manjil station with a value of 57 in November and the minimum value of 39 in Tarik dam station in August. The average of NSFWQI index value of Sefidroud River was of 47.5 which are classified as bad quality. Sangar dam, Astaneh Bridge and Kiashahr had bad quality in all months of sampling, having a value of NSFWQI from 39 to 50. Manjil dam and Tarik dam stations in January and March had medium quality. The values of NSFWQI in Sefidroud River were lower than relevant conditions. According to OWQI, water quality of Sefidroud River was very bad.

Today, tourism has become one of the most significant economic activities around the world. Certainly, this industry will be one of the important tourism indices in each country within the future century. Despite of the development and awareness of people and countries towards the significance of natural environments particularly wetlands, the level of true understanding of significance, function and sensitivity of life and diverse habitats are still so low that wetlands can be considered as the creation masterpiece. One of the most notable applicability of wetlands is attraction of tourism. Development of the tourism industry as the most important section of economy and profitability is one of the key challenges of economic development in the world. In the exploration, using tourism comfort climate index as well as GIS facilities, generalizing point data to zonal and combining the maps, the favorable times have been determined to enter tourists in Shirin-Sou. Data used in the study have associated with the mean of seven climatic parameters within synoptic and climatology stations in and around of Hamedan Province and Shirin-Sou wetland between 2010-2012 years. The results obtained by this survey show that tourism comfort climate index of Shirin-Sou wetland has been of ideal conditions and high rates in the months of June and September.

The ability of aquatic plants to absorb heavy metals and reduce their concentration in the wastewater flow is shown in many studies. However, due to its low cost and adaptability of this technology, it is considered by many experts. Mercury is one of the most dangerous metals, which can be found in some industrial wastewater. In this study, mercury uptake by four species of Dezful endemic aquatic plants include Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, Scirpus bulrush and Alisma plantgo were evaluated and identified two sufficient species. After selecting the appropriate species, the effect of system type (containing two aquatic plants and control system) and reten on me (1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 days) on the mercury removal efficiency on pollu on level of 100 mg/kg Hg in soil was studied. For this purpose, first through the pot experiment, soil was polluted by three different levels of mercury (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg Hg in soil) in 60-day period and plants were cultivated. This part of experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that two plant species Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia, measuring 6.23 and 2.23 mg/kg Hg in dry material of plant underground tissues showed the highest accumulation of mercury. There were significant differences in the rate of mercury accumulation in aboveground and belowground tissues. The two species selected at previous stage were cultivated at constructed pond with a size of 5 m length, 0.5 m wide and 0.4 m depth which they were isolated. A drainage pipe was places at the end of ponds for outflow of wastewater. A pond as a control (without plant) was considered also. These tests also formed a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the HRT and type of system on removal efficiency of mercury were significant, but interaction effect of these two factors was insignificant.

Following the increase of population pressure on natural resources, the adverse effects of tourism on the environment will be left. Issues such as soil erosion, loss of marshes, wetland habitat loss, premature aging, dry or ground water pollution and danger to health are caused by inadequate waste disposal and sewage networks, which threaten human societies. The best way to solve the mentioned problems can be development of sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism development is seen as guide for management of all resources. So that the social and economic requirements could be met and create cultural homogeneity and life maintenance systems along with growth of justice and equity in development, improvement of life quality in communities as well as the best quality provided for the environment. Therefore, improving the environmental management of tourism facilities for reducing its damages is the first step for achieving the goals of sustainable tourism development. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is investigating, prioritizing and measuring the geographical and environmental effects of sustainability level (positive and negative) of tourism in international Shadegan lagoon. Research method is a combination of descriptive-analytical methods. The research results show that environmental situation in Shadegan lagoon is unstable and as result 42 percent criteria of the lagoon is relatively unstable. It should be mentioned that the present study has been done in shadegan city in 2010.

This paper presents data from a ten-year (2002-2011) monitoring of migratory wintering waterfowl and wader's fauna population and species diversity in Helleh protected area. During a 10 year period from 2002 to 2011, a total of 203065 wetland birds composed of 95 species from 6 orders and 18 families of the bird's fauna of Iran were observed during the course of this study. The most common species counted was the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) with a total of 97299 individuals. The results indicated that among families of migratory wintering waterfowl and waders in Helleh protected area the largest family was Phalacrocoracidae with 47.91 percent abundance and the lowest was Stercorariidae and Ciconiidae with 0.005 percent. In these periods of studying, year of 2002 with 46789 individuals has the highest popula on numbers and year of 2008 with 1022 individuals has the lowest. The highest and lowest species richness recording in years of 2002 and 2008 with 68 and 26 species respectively. The results showed that in this period waterfowl fauna with 62.1 percent and wader's fauna with 37.9 percent respectively have the highest and lowest abundances. According to the results of species diversity and evenness the year of 2011 has the highest biodiversity of migratory wintering waterfowl and wader's fauna in Helleh protected area and year of 2005 has the lowest biodiversity (P<0.05).

In this study, relationship between the length and weight of Liza macrolepis in Musa estuary, using samples of discharge loads were investigated. Monthly sampling was conducted to assess the frequency of longitudinal and weight from November 2009 to October 2010. Only in June, samples was not captured which may be due to fish migra on for reproduce on. 449 total numbers of fish were caught during the research period. Samples were transferred to the laboratory and biometry operation was performed. Exponential equation of total length–weight relationship in Liza macrolepis (no gender breakdown) and the linear relationship were calculated as following respectively: y=0.0284X2.726, y=12.45x-0.148. Exponential equation of total length–weight relationship and the linear relationship for females were calculated as following respectively: y=0.03563x2.63, y=11.89x-142..The equa on of exponential length-weight relationship and the linear relationship for males were calculated as following respectively: y=0.01877x2.857, y=11.03x-125.6, b amount calculated in three cases showed isometric growth of the fish.