JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:9

Esteel wetland with 138 ha extent is one of the conserved regions in Guilan Province. This study was carried out from spring 2008 to winter 2009 in order to recognize phytoplankton species of Esteel wetland and their diversity, density, abundance and seasonal changes. According to geographical situation of Esteel wetland, 13 stations were determined. Sampling was done with tube (P.V.C. pipe) and plankton mesh in the middle of each season by noticing the depth of wetland. Physicochemical properties of water such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate and EC in 5 stations were measured in each sampling. In this study totally 10 phyla and 42 genus of phytoplankton were identified. From these, 6 genus belong to Cyanophyta, 17 genus belong to Chlorophyta, 1 genus belongs to Chrysophyta, 8 genus belong to Bacillariophyta, 4 genus belong to Euglenaophyta, 1 genus belongs to Heterokontophyta, 1 genus belongs to Cryptophyta, 1 genus belongs to Phyrrophyta, 2 genus belong to Charophyta and 1 genus belongs to Cyanobacteria phylum. Seasonal changes of these planktons also showed that summer with 10 phylum and 25 genus of phytoplankton and autumn with 5 phylum and 10 genus phytoplankton had the most and the least diversity, respectively.

This study was done to evaluated the water quality of Shadegan lagoon in Khuzestan provience. Monthly sampling was carried out from September 2007 to August 2008. Temperature, conductivity and pH were measured in situ and the other parameters were measured based on standard methods. According to the results, the trend of fluctuations in the following parameters temperature, pH, phosphate, total hardness, total dissolved solids, nitrate, nitrite in different stations were same and salinity, conductivity, hardness and total dissolved solids were increased in July and August in the Duraq outlet and Maleh stations. Except following parameters: temperature, total hardness, nitrate ions, nitrite and phosphate ions, for other parameters significant differences were observed at different stations (p<0.05). significant differences were observed for following parameters: temperature, salinity, conductivity, hardness, total dissolved solids and phosphate in different months. The values of following parameters: Salimty, conductivity and TDS showed that according to FAST classification, the water of shadegan lagoon were classified as brackish to saltwater and based on the hardness were classified as hard water. According to BOD5 values, Shadegan water was classified as relatively clean to uncertain group. In Comparing to previous studies, the parameters pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, BOD5, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia and TSS have been decreased and salinity, electrical conductivity, total hardness, TDS and nitrate have been increased. This ascending trend could be caused by occurring drought and long dry season in studied area.

The aims of this study were, recreational evaluation of Choghakhoor wetland, Investigating of social-economic characteristics and willingness to pay (WTP) of visitors by using Z.T.C.M and C.V.M Results of applying Z.T.C.M showed that variables like age, education and amount of visitor’s income had significant impacts on the use of promenades. Investigating on the amount of visitor’s income showed that strong correlation between this variable and number of visited days of promenade and also their interest to pay entrance. Results of applying of C.V.M showed that the average of WTP as an entrance fee for each visitor and the maximum of WTP for using of international wetland of Choghakhor were 1825 and 10000 Iranian Rials, respectively. Environmental quality of wetlands of international Choghakhor was an effective factor on the amount of visitor's WTP so that its statistically significant level was one percent. Cost of each trip to the wetland with minus sign, duration of artworks and study in week both with positive sign and type of accommodation were other variables that were significant in Logit model. Recreational Value of international wetland of Choghakhor using zonal travel cost and contingent valuation methods was equal to 440 and 220 billion Iranian Rials, respectively.

The heavy metals concentrations Cu and Zn in the muscle tissues of liza abu in the Karoon, Bahmanshir and Dez rivers in the Khouzestan Province were measured during winter 2010. Metals were extracted thuough Digestion metod and heavy metals concentratuion were measured by atomic Absorption Spectrophotometery pertin Elmer 4100 The highest concentration of Cu and Zn were as following respectively 0.364±0.037 and 10.70±0. 45 mg/Kg and the lowest concentration were as following respectively 0.289±0.033 and 9.74±0.26 mg/Kg. According to the results, no significant difference was observed in the concentrations of Cu and Zn in the muscles of liza abu in the Karoon, Bahmanshir and Dez rivers but significant difference was observed in the concentrations of Cu in the Karoon and Bahmanshir.

In this study inorder to investigate species diversity of wintering waterfowl and waders of Kaftar wetland of Fars Province, the Census data of a priod of 11 years (1999-2008) was used. The information was obtaind from Enviroment department of Fars Province and were analysed. According to the results, 50 species of wintering waterfowl and waders from 12 families and 6 orders were identified in Kaftar wetland. Anatidae and Threskiornithidae with 66.26% and 0.02% respectively had the highest and the lowest abundancy in Kaftat wetland. The water fowls and waders with 67.09% and 32.91% respectively had the highest and the lowest number and frequency in Kaftar wetland. The results of applying the biodiversity index among different years showed that the maximum biodiversity due to following indices: Rmf=2.95, H′=2.41 and J′=0.72 was occurred in 2003 and the minimum biodiversity due to following indices: Rmf =0, H′=0 and J′=0 was occurred in 2001 and 2002.

Aquatic plants as a ring of food chain due to absorbtion of heavy metals can be indicator of the relatively increasing of this elements in the water or sediments of any aquatic ecosystems. First aquatic plants were collected from the north ponds of Iran and after indentificution, mechanism, organs and types of absorbed elementes were determined by broadly library investigation from the lation sources Ultimately, the data were analyzed by Excel software. The results indicated that plant species showed different abilities in the absorption of elements so that Poaceae family had high species frequency and the root had more share as an absorbent organ to stem and leaf. Also Zn with 13.9% had the highest absorption frequency among other elements and Phytoextraction was the major absorption mechanism.

In This study, the biodiversity of fishes were investigated in the following wetlands: Anzali, Boojagh, Amirkalayel and triple wetlands of Gomishan (Alagol, Ajigol and Almagol) 60 fish species or subspecies were recorded in these wetland Anzali and triple wetland of Gomishan with 60 and 10 fish species or subspecies respectively had the maximum and minimum biodiversity respectively. According to the migratory behavior, 28.30% of these fishes were migratory, 46.67% of these fishes fresh water dwelling, 13.33% of these fishes lived just in estuaries and the rest (11.67%) had 2 types of life: migratory and fresh water dwelling. From totally 60 identified species, 48 species belonged to native species and 12 species belonged to exotic species. IUCN classification showed that 3 following species were critically endangered: Salmo trutta caspius, luciobarbus brachycephalus and Pelecus cultratus. The results at this study indicated that divestity of fishes decreased while proceeding from west to the east of Caspian sea and none of these wetlands were in safty from exotic species. The most and the least aboundancy of the species were recorded in the triple wetlands of Gomishan (40%/0 and Amirklayeh of Lhijan (13.3%) respectively.

The concentrations of the following heavy metals: Pb, Cu and Zn was measured in the muscle and liver tissues of Epinephelus coiodes. According to the result, mean lead concentration was 8.85 in the muscle and 6.06 in the liver of orange spotted Grouper but no significant differences was observed for Pd in liver and muscle (P≥0.05). means copper concentrations were 4.71 ppm and 57.8 ppm in muscle and liver respcetiely and no significant differences was obserned for Cu in liver and muscle (P≥0.5). mean zinc concentrations were 26.01 ppm and 44.7 ppm in muscle and liver respectinely and significant difference was observed for Zn in liver and muscle (P≥0.05).