MOSKUYA
Year:2013 | Volume:8 | Issue:24|Papers Count:7

One of the ways to study and analyze the history is to notice the cultural approaches and signs and as the foundations/organizations play a very important role not only in reproduction and distribution of culture but they also contribute in transforming it. Therefore, the investigation on the cultural forms and works and their interpretation through endowment organization as something like cultural construct during Mogul period can be considered as evidence on the contemporary culture which have been produced. Although, during the early years of Mongol aggression/attack a large number of cultural standards/indicators and elements were exposed to destruction however undoubtedly, the Qarakhitayids government in Kerman was one of the centers that provided the materialistic and intellectual arrangements for scholars and researchers. In the present paper, the sense and meaning of cultural development is the everyday expansion of values and the cultural signs of Iran during the rule of Qarakhitayids in opening the schools. The writer is of the intention, during the case study, to create a balance between the indexes of Iranian cultural development and the scopes such as the art and different scientific productions. Meanwhile, the endowment school that was built by Turkan Khatoon, has assigned a particular place to it. The writer by using a historical method with descriptive and analytical approach has dealt with the investigation on the existing sources and information and tried to compare the research sources and the researches carried out with the main sources and engage in their study and criticism if differences exist in it. The findings of this research specify that the under study wealthy school endower has promoted the culture, customs and the conspicuous signs of science and art as well as the prevalent knowledge in Iran during Mogul period that led to the production of numerous literary, art and scientific works. In the meantime, the interaction between people and the authority also created the ground to grow and flourish the Iranian culture.

In Muslim civilization, the historical names of some places, including buildings, tombs, cities and geographic areas, etc., of various dimensions of importance, prestige and unique characteristics of the same tomorrow, and the portion of identity of history may be reviewed and presented in the form of the recognized historical sites. In particular, they form an integral and inseparable connection between their identity and the identity of Islamic civilization is continually maintained and reliable. In other words, the Islamic civilization has identified the areas and geographic regions. On the contrary, they are part of our identity. So how the formation, development and evolution of political and social - in the city of Kufa as part of its identity, both cultural and historical identity of the early centuries of Islam, which is of considerable importance in the political and social interactions have been. This article is intended to refer to authoritative sources and historians explore different words, in the first half of the first century AD and strategic importance of the city of Kufa, Imam Ali in the selection of the arguments put to the capital. Also recognize the need for and consequences of moving the center of the Islamic caliphate caliphate of Imam Ali is studied in this paper.

By writing his history in Arabic, Tabari began historical tradition in Iran after Islam. But, it was in the Samanid's Era that historians wrote their works in persian. Following the rise and promotion of "Iranshahri Thought" the first development in historians' thought occurred. As a result of these change, historians set aside theological and religious approaches to history. These changes which, took place, thanks to the efforts of historians in writing dynastic histories was even reflected in the writing of general histories. During the Mogol -Ilkhanid’s Era, historians began writing global histories and the second major change occurred in historical thought. Timurid historians inherited historiographical traditions of Iranian historians. However, the historiography of this period can be divided into three stages: Timur, Shahrokh and Soltan Hosein Baygara's period. In this paper, according to the three stages, the author studies “features of Iranian historiography in the Timurid Era”. The key focus of this study is content (technical) and external (formal) features of historiography of this period. Therefore, attempted to explore the historical sources of the period, in other words, a descriptive - analytical approach to understand these features.

After the death of Hakam al-Mustansir _the last powerful emir of the Umayyad caliphate _ the Islamic Al-Andalus started to become defenseless until the time of Hisham al-Moayyed that the Umayyad caliphate began to decline. Although in the west of Al-Andalus, Umayyad had the same ability and authority to the eastern caliphate of Abbasids, but suddenly Umayyad caliphate collapsed and the sovereigns of Umayyad at Al-Andalus started to gain independence. Each of these sovereigns was supported by feudal or was in the penetration and ability of an eastern or western Arabian or Berber tribe. One of the tribe was Bani-Ibad that established a dominant emirate. Although this emirate was so powerful, but as history shows, it couldn’t save the greatness of Umayyad caliphate and had the most leading role itself to break up the Islamic union of Al-Andalus.

With the establishment of the Safavid state and the creation of a strong central government, especially the kings of this dynasty, Shah Abbas I gave special attention to the development and prosperity of the country. The most brilliant period of the history of Iranian architecture. Tandem with the elegance of the period, peaking in the bathroom. Important role in the lives of the bath was large enough to be outlined in the bathroom of the house. Because the bathroom many aspects of social life and the Board has had an impact. bath through the social and political dimensions of this period of latency. So to clarify these aspects, in this paper we describe and evaluate the social and political function of the bath. Therefore more periods studied the itinerary was a descriptive - analytical social and political functions of the bath have been extracted.

Yazd Geographical location in the inter-Lut desert and desert plain has fostered a strong people that should always pass time with the hot and dry climate and droughts with no water. In addition, they learned in history for surviving they cannot continue to struggle with nature so it must be compatible with the nature, in cold winter water should be hidden in heart of the earth, as in scorching hot summer to be liquid source of their lives. Hence, in this land water has always been one of the sacred. With the goal of that the water come up from Qanat with the effort of digger sand travels many miles to go to reach villages, should not be wasted. So on the one hand, in heart of the earth, water storage was built with materials from nature's desert as in hot summer days, their cooling water improve life. On the other hand, occurred a manifestation of humanity and helping fellow, those seeking to deliver water to their village sand homes, in the next five doors rooms that have had Windward and Private Stock, they have been to think about their neighbors in need, and sometimes for their water storage they were designed other input outside of the home or for the city or neighborhood, made separated water storage, this beneficent people according to conventional which was called" Daheshmand "Including Zoroastrian and Muslim not only they were think about Yazd neighbors but also they were think about other fellows of any religion and with this purpose they were built some water storage with two harness. In the present article, by examining the above issue by using written sources and research on Yazd climate, review appropriative water storages in contemporary and co-sponsored incentives related to water storages, and by using of historical research and with analytic methods based on the documents and library resources review and analyze construction of water storages and goals and motivations of their donors.