JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
Year:2012 | Volume:4 | Issue:14|Papers Count:8

The geographical areas have their own characteristics and natural attractions, so the domain of the activities of tourism is varied from an area to another.Mountainous, valise, sea sides, river banks, mineral spas, and forested areas are the attractions which play a very important role to absorb the attention of the tourists, so paying attention to these places has a vital role in tourist industry.Shaft town ship is a with beautiful and mystic nature, moderate climate and colorful plants. The extent of this town ship is 576 square kilometer and the altitude of it, is 2800 meter in the boarder of Zanjan province. The annual raining is 1584 millimeter in this town ship.If the resources are served through the Land use planning, and if the investment is made in eco-tourism, this area will be the basis of the plans of the regional development, and then because of job-creation, the high process of immigration will be stopped. In this article, the special places are recognized and the attractions and natural potentials are introduced to absorb the eco-tourism. This absorption will lead to the job-making and will increase the cultural level of people and their interactions.The method which is used in this research is library method (gathering the basic information, topographic maps 1.50000, geology 1.250000 and meteorology statistics) and the field work method (direct observation).

The first and most important step in order to do the Project of flood spreading is location of prone areas for spreading water and its influence into the groundwater table. Flood spreading can be considered as ideal approach for optimal use of water in arid regions. To different mentioned criteria, it is not possible to use Geographic Information System (GIS) without appropriate Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique. Using mentioned approach not only we can reduce desertification and flood risk but also increase underground water supplies in flood prone areas. The most important step in flood spreading process is to define optimal site. Consequently, major factors, such as slope, geology, geomorphology, hydrology, infiltration rate, cover as well as environmental impacts of the projects should be considered in the process of selecting appropriate site for artificial recharge through flood spreading. Regarding. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an approach that is suitable for dealing with complex systems related to making a choice from among several alternatives and which provides a comparison of the considered options. In the present research relationship between GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision Making analysis has been investigated in order to find optimal site for flood spreading. The research emphasized the capability of resultant map to be used in site selection for flood spreading. Also our results showed us that the potential zones for flood water spreading are in Quaternary units like: Qb, Qgsc, Qscg, PlQb, Qc2 and Mm-1. Also according to geomorphology and land applying, cone craters, plains and low density pastures are the totally appropriate zones for spreading flood water. These zones are in correspondence with location of Kosar flood water spreading station. And they have the special characteristics for spreading flood water.

Wake the town and the emergence of a rural settlement location completely influenced by environmental factors, especially the geology and geomorphology and is subject to environmental conditions and geographic location. Because The effects of natural phenomena in place selection, distribution, field penetration, physical development, urban morphology and the like have a decisive effect Sometimes as a positive factor and time as a negative factor and preventive work. Consequently the rapid population growth, development, construction is inevitable and human needs on the ground and the unfavorable impact of the exploitation of the surrounding towns and villages, leaving behind. Establishment of residential areas on Earth creates new perspectives. Given the variety and extent of urban expansion and development of residential units and geomorphologic units of the affected units are. In this study attempt Capabilities and limitations to study the morphology of the city of Ahar and its role in the distribution of Settlements has been studied. This analysis-and with the description. Stnad Affairs of the field studies have been conducted. We prepared several maps for analysis and Spss software was used GIs. The results show that the town of Ahar, East Azarbaijan province in northwestern Iran is located in a mountainous region. Topography, high altitude, narrow valleys and mountain foothills deeper units and active and passive faults factor toward the growth of population and economy as well as rural and urban population distribution centers will play an effective role. Structure in terms of ecological villages in the region is largely rural plain and mountainous and 63.3% of city villages Ahrrvstahay plain and 36.2% percent makes up the mountain villages. Tissue morphologic effects of some villages and towns to follow the plain and the slopes are at odds with each other. Because of the abundant natural resources including water and rich vegetation, the city has potential for development in these sectors that can be Planning and management the town development expedited.

Studies show that the Golestan province is one of the areas where the economy is heavily dependent on agriculture. And the importance of agriculture in Iran is one of the poles. Diversity of crops and climatic diversity has many As a result of proper planning for agricultural activities will be very important. The terms of climate, culture and climate for production of all species was possible with good efficiency That changes the Golestan province of cotton cultivation and production efficiency as well as more severe than other parts of the cotton country.The purpose of this study the role of temperature on plant growth of cotton and its management and operation of the Golestan province is.Library-based research methods to collect statistics on the temperature of the months of the year during a 10-year period from 1998 to 2007.The Results showed the four stages of growth the threshold to 16 to 34 degrees C is effective the process according to the months of mid-April and late October is. Semi-humid temperate climate and the southern province and is conducive to the cultivation of this plant. If this plant could be due to the importance of proper planning done over the years can be exploited to increase production efficiency and management measures in the area.

Environmental natural and location of Lake Bazangan is ecotourism accepted. Area of lake Bazangan for instance: lake natural and national park in east of Iran. This lake is natural and numerous ecologically and environmental in northeast of Khorassan. In this paper field study and SWOT method on potential ecotourism and tourist in lake Bazangan. Bazangan area in clued: Lake Environment, cave of Bazangan and karst area. Conclusion of paper is notable, 10 point of ecological and characteristic of environment. In decade because tourism decrease and disaster of lake. Never less this lake is study and control of problem in this area.

"Tahooneh Anticlin ""hormozgan" Bandar Lengeh." "Tahooneh Anticline" is located 75 kilometers south of West "Bandar-E-Lengeh" in South West of Province "Hormozgan". It is of the zagros mountain range and considered part folded of this mountain.According to Asymmetric topography of a mountain in the east-west axis of the pivot relative to the vertical length of 81 km along the coast is drawn. The main objective of this study, is Check out geomorphological factors in "Tahooneh Anticline", Identify shapes and forms in the region, And the role of the salt dome Inside the Anticline, with Using field method, Topographic Map, Satellite Images, Aerial photography, and provide Geomorphological map of the area. There are two Subsidiary Fault named Charak and Cherooyeh those are in the end of east–west of Anticline that cut Anticline's Trans verse axis and causing dips in the other layers and "Tahooneh Anticline" axis deviation in the vicinity of salt domes in the region. These faults and joints with surface cracks caused by the tectonic processes have influenced the region's waterways and have made an appropriate path for water to move deeper into the rock mass.The results of this study show that the major phenomenon in karst dry valley could be named that most of them are on the southern slopes Anticline. In some parts of the mountain valleys is much too broad, Because of loose rocks, the rock types in the region is the cause to creation the valleys. other phenomena in ”Tahooneh Anticline” are Karen, the Tafvny, blades that some have a tectonic origin and someone is dissolution.

The soil temperature is one of the most important properties. This factor has directly or indirectly affects on herbal growing and in some cases, herbal growing has a great task towards the air temperature. Soil temperature is varied in different but certain depths of daily and annual exchanges. In this study, we tried to analyze the temperature for different depths and its correlation in the soil rate with a side air temperature in Ardebil. We received the data records on temperature, etc., from Meteorological organization of Ardebil for the time period of 1372 to 1384. We then calculated correlation of the air temperature with the soil rate. This was followed by drawing linear estimation graphs. The results show that daily air temperature variations have a great contribution on the soil until 20 cm and the variations domain decreases with depth increasing. Temperature monthly variations in different depths show an adaptive state between soil rate variations and radiated energy variations which is lower in great soil depths. Annual temperature cycle shows time delay and temperature domain decay with depth. Generally, this study shows a meaningful correlation between minimum air temperature and minimum rate of land. But, temperature variations are not smooth in different depths of the soil.

The climatic circumstances in a local play a significant role in human, animals, and plants distribution. Thus, without knowing the climate, any activity or planning in different fields economic, agriculture and industrial, is no possible. So Climatic Regionalization or knowing different climatic regions is necessary for planning and territory sustainable development. the aim of the present recognize and study the most influential climatic elements affecting on the climate of zayandehrood basin, and the spatial separation different climatic regions by using multivariate statistical methods. To do so, the mean annual data of 27 climatic elements from 12 synoptic stations in a 20 years period were used in the limit of zayandehrood basin. Then the pointed data was changed in to a matrix 27×1658 by contribution of the capabilities of surfer’s software statistical land and with the help of Kriging interpolation with pixels 5×5 kilometer. In processing data has been used the new method on the base of statistical techniques principal components analysis and cluster analysis by ward method. Analysis works of the principal components on the data correlated matrix showed that with 6 principal components, we can describe 98.6% of variance in data. Tree component (thermal, windy, dusty-windy, dusty) expresses the most variance (92%) data. the scores of the principal components was analyzed by "agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis", in "ward" method that the zayandehrood basin was divided to 5 regions.