Pars Journal of Medical Sciences
Year:2019 | Volume:17 | Issue:1|Papers Count:9

Introduction: Caspases play an important role in the cellular death process and, on the other hand, Rose has protective effects in this area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercises with Rose damascena supplementation on the expression of caspase 3 and 9 genes of soleus muscle in male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 50 male Wistar, two-month-old rats were randomly divided into five groups (three-month control, six-month control, exercise, Rose damascena, and combined). Aerobic exercise and aerobic exercises + Rose participated in the treadmill on a gradient of 15% for 5 days a week and for 12 weeks, and the Rose damascena and combined groups received 0. 09 grams of rose + 9 cc saline per kg body weight with gavage, . After intervention aerobic exercises and use of Rose damascena, surgical procedures and extraction of specimens were performed in rats. The data were analyzed by ANOVA at a significant level of less than 0. 05. Results: Caspase 3 and 9 genes expression in soleus muscles of aerobic exercise and rose damascena and combaind group (rose and aerobic exercise) was less pronounced than in six-month control group, respectively, so that in 6 month control group the highest expression was observed. Conclusion: According to the results, aerobic exercises and Rose damascena maybe can reduce the rate of cell apoptosis by reducing the expression of Caspase 3 and 9 genes, and slow down the muscle weakness.

Introduction: Public health issues and spread of diseases have a direct relationship with the regional geography. The present study was designed and conducted to determine spatial distribution of the incidence of malaria in the city of Jahrom, using Geographical Information System (GIS). Materials and Methods: In the present descriptive study, the geographical longitude and latitude of each patient's place of residence was determined using Moran's spatial self-correlation method, and the disease incidence spots and risk using Kringing's interpolation technique and Jeefoo et al. classification in GIS-10. 3. Results: A total of 136 cases occurred over the study years, with the highest Annual Parasitic Incidence (API) in 2008, 2006 and 2007 (0. 116, 0. 115, and 0. 108 per population of 1000 respectively) and since 2008, API has had a slightly fluctuating descending trend. The spatial analysis, Kringing interpolation and Jeefoo classification showed that Jahrom's suburbs have had a very high risk of incidence (0. 275 per population of 1000), and Moran's spatial self-correlation showed that the disease was randomly distributed (Moran Index=0. 04) (P=0. 73) (Z-score=0. 33). Conclusion: The incidence of malaria was found to be higher in Jahrom's suburbs than other regions, and spatial analysis showed that high risk regions can provide a useful malaria prevention and control planning tool.

Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are one of the most common antibiotics in the treatment of Shigella infections worldwide. The presence of plasmids carrying quinolone-resistance genes is one of the most important mechanisms for resistance to these drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of quinolone resistance plasmid genes (qnr) in Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri isolated from pediatric diarrhea. Material and methods: In a 10-month period from the beginning of June to the end of March 2012, 91 isolates of Shigella were obtained from 358 non-repetitive diarrhea samples. After identification and confirmation of Shigella isolates, antibiotic susceptibility test was performed based on the CLSI instruction. The molecular PCR test was performed to amplify qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes. Results: Slide agglutination test showed that the prevalence of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri were 69. 2% and 30. 8%, respectively. The disc diffusion test showed that all Shigella flexneri were susceptible to levofloxacin. Most of the Shigella sonnei were resistant to Streptomycin. The frequency of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes were 26. 4%, 74. 7% and 46. 2%, respectively. All strains were negative for the presence of qnrC and qnrD genes. Conclusions: The qnrB gene is the most common plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in our treatment centers. Because of their plasmid origin, these genes have the ability to transfer and have high ability to spread to the other isolates. Since the change in pattern of antibiotic susceptibility is occurs, perform of antibiotic susceptibility test necessary.

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are the common medical problems in pregnant women and associated bacteria produce biofilm which protects them from antibiotics. Aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation by Escherichia coli and Klebsiellapneumoniae isolated from urine of pregnant women in Kerman, Iran. Methods and Materials: 107 urine samples were collected from pregnant women. Identification was performed by biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method were performed. The cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) behavior of those strains and their ability to form biofilm on glass and propylene surfaces was evaluated in static and shake conditions. The effect of antibiotics on biofilm formation ability was also determined on the catheter surface. Results: From 80 positive cases, 35 isolates of Escherichia coli and 15 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were selected for this research. The Maximum resistance and sensitivity of isolates were observed about amoxicillin and imipenem, respectively. All isolates with CSH higher than 70% showed better biofilm formation even though on propylene in shaking state. Treatment of culture with 0. 5 MIC (µ g/ml) and 0. 25 MIC (µ g/ml) of selected antibiotics significantly reduced the adhesion ability of isolates. Conclusion: The survey therefore came to the conclusion that similar researches should be continuously repeated in different medical centers to test antimicrobial susceptibility as well as diagnosing and quantifying biofilm infection which surely achieved data help to find appropriate therapeutic way against UTI in pregnancy.

Introduction: In this study, the interactive effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and the intake of multivitaminmineral supplementation on blood lead levels in the men exposed to urban air pollution was investigated. Methods and Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 46 men with the average age of 25± 1. 2 year took part voluntarily and with complete satisfaction were randomly assigned to 4 groups: supplement and exercise (N=11), exercise (N=11), supplement (N=12), control (N=12). Aerobic exercise was carried out with the same and increasing practice protocol for the first and second groups (including the first week of 12 minutes running with 60% heart rate up to 12th week, progressively 30 minutes running with 85% heart rate reserve) and with supplementation of multivitamin-minerals (500mg) which were taken as one capsule each day for the first and third groups of the research. The variable including blood lead levels were measured before and after 12 weeks with 3 ml blood sampling from the venous vein by Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). A repeated measure ANOVA test was used for comparison between groups and the LSD test was used to compare the group pairs. A significant level (P<0. 05) was considered. Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, there was a significant decrease in the concentration of lead in the combined and supplementary groups and a significant increase in the exercise group compared with the pre-study (P<0. 05). The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference between the groups in the concentration of lead. This difference was significant between the combined group and the training group, while there was no significant difference between the combined and complementary groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Consumption of supplementation reduced the concentration of lead when aerobic exercise activity urban polluted air. Therefore, using the same amount of vitamins and necessary minerals is recommended in order to reduce lead absorption during aerobic exercise, and in case of shortage, use antioxidant supplements, such as the multivitamin-mineral supplement.

Introduction: Spondylolysis is a one-sided and non-slide defect of spine that usually involved the fourth and fifth lumbar spine. It can lead to pain and lower quality of life in patients due to instability. So, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks Pilates exercise on pain and quality of life in patients with spondylolysis. Materials and Methods: Fourteen women with spondylolysis diagnosed by neurosurgeon were selected, and were randomly divided into two equal groups: experimental and control. Experimental group performed selected Pilate's exercises for eight weeks, three sessions (each 60 minutes) in a week. But during these times, control group did not participate in any treatment activity and performed normal daily activities. Pain (Visual Analog Scale), and quality of life (quality of Life Questionnaire SF-36), of samples were evaluated before and after eight weeks of training. For data analysis, analysis of variance model with repeated measurement or Man-Whitney u or Wilcoxon tests were employed value ≤ 0. 05 was used as statistically significant. Results: In experimental group pain were significantly decreased, but no significant differences were observed in control group. However, in total there were significant differences between experimental and control groups. In experimental group, quality of life were significantly increased, but no significant differences were observed in control group. In total there were significant differences between experimental and control groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that, Pilates selected training could improve pain and quality of life in patients with spondylolysis, so that it could be suggested as a useful modality for the rehabilitation and spondylolysis treatment.

Introduction: Most cases of blood transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis are caused by platelet concentrates (PCs). Screening of PCs is carried out in the Iranian quality control plans as it is essential for detection of bacterial contamination. With regard to quality control, this study investigated the frequency of bacterial contamination of PCs through Gram staining and microbial culture methods. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 880 cords out of 440 platelet product bags (two cords per platelet bag) were selected on the first and third days and included in the study. Direct smears were prepared from the samples for Gram staining, then they were cultured in blood agar and chocolate agar under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions for detection of both Gram positive and negative cocci and Gram positive bacteria. Cultures were also made in MacConkey medium under aerobic conditions to identify Gram negative bacilli. In cases of bacterial growth and colony formation, differential tests were performed to detect the bacteria. Results: One case of Staphylococcus saprophyticus was isolated of 440 platelet bags collected from donors in Jahrom Blood Transfusion Organization, from which two platelet cord (880 samples) had been isolated on the first and third days. Accordingly, a contamination frequency of 0. 23% was detected for platelet products in Jahrom city. Conclusion: Performing staining and bacterial culture from all of the platelet cords before they are used is a good way to ensure safety and prevent bacterial contamination from platelet products and quality control.

Introduction: Recurrent Abortion is a genetic disorder with different etiologies, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), three or more times consecutive pregnancy losses. Genetic anomalies are one of the main etiologies of recurrent abortion. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between beta fibrinogen (rs1800790) gene polymorphism and recurrent abortion in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 101 women with recurrent abortion (19-41 years) and 50 women with no history of abortion (23-57 years) (controls) were present. Five milliliters of their blood was collected in EDTA tubes in Imam Khomeini hospital, Sari, Iran, during 2017-2018. Genomic DNA was extracted using salting-out method and genotypic study of polymorphism was performed using PCR-RFLP method. Statistical analysis was performed using Medcalc software version 15. Results: Relative frequency of AA, GA, GG genotypes for FGB in patient group were 5. 94%, 29. 7% and 64. 36% and in control group were 2%, 50%, 48% respectively (p= 0. 040). The percentage of G and A alleles was 79% and 21% in patient and 73% and 27% in control groups, respectively (p= 0. 322). Evidence indicated the AA mutant gene does not increase the risk of recurrent abortion and there is no significant association (p= 0. 472). But GA heterozygote relative to GG reference genotype decrease the risk of recurrent abortion (OR= 0. 44, 95%CI: 0. 22-1. 90, P= 0. 024). Conclusion: The results showed that rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism did not increase the risk of recurrent abortion.