WOMAN & STUDY OF FAMILY
Year:2017 | Volume:9 | Issue:34 |Papers Count:12

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of assertive training on improving the quality of life in teenager girls who were victims of violence. In order to perform this research, 120 girl students in Djolfa were selected and after completing Illinois Bully questionnaire, 50 students were selected as victims and divided into two control and experimental groups randomly. Before treatment, the quality of life was measured by life quality questionnaire. Later, participants of the experimental group took part in assertive training courses (8 sessions) and interventions have been taken about them, but subjects of control group didn`t get any interventions. At the end of the treatment, post-test was administered for both groups of participants and the obtained data were analyzed by using Co-variance analysis statistical test and research hypothesis were tested. The results showed there is a significant difference between the control and experimental groups at the probability level of 99% (0. 001) and intervention resulted in the increase of life quality, physical health, mental safety and improvement of social relationships in the experimental group. Thus, assertive training resulted in improving life quality, increasing physical and mental health and social relationships in Girls who were victims of violence.

The aim of this study was to predict the loneliness of students based on the perfectionism, self-esteem, and attachment styles (secure attachment, anxious-ambivalent attachment, and avoidant attachment). For this purpose, a sample of 200 female students from Shahid Chamran University dormitory were selected by Multistage cluster sampling method. The instrument of this study were Ahvaz Perfectionism Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem, Hazan & Shaver Attachment Styles and RaselL loneliness questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results show that self-esteem (r=-0/49, p< 0/001) and secure attachment (r=-0/27, p< 0/001) had a significant negative relationship with loneliness, and perfectionism (r=0/16, p<0/02), anxious-ambivalent attachment (r=0/18, p< 0/01), and avoidant attachment (r=0/20, p<0/01) had a significant positive relationship with loneliness. The regression results also showed that self-esteem and ambivalent attachment, predicts (0. 28 percent of the total variance) of loneliness of students and the confidence shares 0. 49 of this amount. Perfectionism, secure attachment, avoidant attachment are not able to predict students' sense of loneliness. Therefore, by improving self-esteem and attachment styles and also, perfectionism we can reduce a person's loneliness.

The most important factors in the continuity and stability or instability and breakdown of the family, are the emotional relationships and exchange among family members, especially between the wives and husbands, which are under the influence of beliefs that have acquired throughout life, especially childhood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of schema therapy on marital frustrations of married women. The research method was semi-experimental (pretest-posttest with control group). The study population included all women who had come to counseling centers in isfahan city in 2016, among which 40 were selected for sampling and randomly divided into two groups (n = 20) and control (n = 20). Kaiser marital frustration test (1993) was administered to both groups and then the schema therapy training package was implemented on the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions. Both groups were tested again after the treatment. The obtained results from one-way analysis of covariance showed that the effect of post-schema therapy on marital frustration dependent variable is significant (P ≤ 0/001). Overall results indicate that schema therapy and education reduces women's marital frustration.

After the disappointment of specialists to cure the patients, in the AIDS related discussions, the orientation of life in the paitients has been of an interest to researchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of social support in orientation to life in patients with HIV. The study population included all patients with HIV in the city of Ahwaz. The sample consisted of 45 women with HIV disease that were selected by convenience sampling. It was a Field research and its design was descriptive correlational. To measure the variables, the social support questionnaire of Sherbon and Stewart (1991) and Life Orientation Questionnaire of Carver, object-Pierre and Bridges (1985) were used. Results: The results showed that social support had a significant role in the prediction of life in women with HIV.

One of the important issues that have been studied in recent decades is the employment of labor, especially women. Different communities are looking for ways to increase employment and better utilization of human resources at their disposal and in this regard, new technologies play an important role. In recent years the use of ICT (information and communication technology) affecting various aspects of human life and has created a massive developments in the economic and social dimensions. ICT has widespread effects on employment structure and has changed at all levels of employment. Also, this technology has affected the jobs structure and has changed the nature of jobs in communities by reducing the average hard working, more intellectual, more unstable and more specialized jobs. In this regards, the aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting women's employment, with emphasis on the use of ICT in the 20 countries of the OECD in the period 2000 to 2014 using the panel data model. The results show that ICT has a significant and positive effect on the employment of women in the studied countries. As well as health expenditure, GDP per capita and education spending have a significant positive effect on women's employment.

In the contemporary stories, despite developments, the traces of patriarchy and women caught up in violence are clearly seen. On the other hand, the formation of women`s identity is influenced by the social expectations and perceptions conveyed to individuals through family, educational resources, media, and macro social and cultural policies. This article aims to study the violence and identity in Solomon`s hegira story written by Mahmoud Dowlatabadi by applying the feminist literary criticism theories and ideas of Anthony Giddens and Richard Jenkins. Content analysis method was employed. The results showed that violence plays a key role in this story displayed in the form of physical, psychological, and economic violence and such violence defeats women. The most common violence stated in this story is physical and then psychological and economic violence. The character who experienced the highest violence is Masoumeh, Solomon`s wife. On the other hand, Solomon`s hegira story neither paid attention to women`s self-reflection nor women achieved individuality in it. It is concluded that Solomon`s hegira story represents women`s gender oppression, violence, oppression, and humiliation. Women in this story have little individuality and identity independence.

Social capital is one of the factors affecting the mental health of the families. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social capital on the mental health of Birjand couples. It was a survey study and the population included all of the couples who have married during the years of 1390-1393 and were living in Birjand city. The sample included 381 people who have been selected randomly through the many staged clustering method. The instrument of the study was a researcher maid questionnaire which has been standardized and showed the reliability of. 75. The collected data were analyzed through a Pearson correlation, multi-variate regression and path analysis. The findings indicated that there has been a meaningful relationship between the social capital and mental health of the couples. The cognitive intra-group social capital has the most index of correlation (. 65%) with the couples’ mental health. The relationship between these two variables based on regression and path analysis is positive and significant. The amount of life satisfaction and family income has been effective in the couples’ mental health. The gender of the couples has also been an effective factor and men have more mental health than women. So in this study, the cognitive social capital (intra-group, out-group and structural) has been found the most effective social capital in the couples’ mental health. The cognitive social capital, life satisfaction and satisfaction of married life can predict the 40% of the mental health in married women. In addition the cognitive social capital has shown 56% positive correlation with mental health.

Research has been reported different results about benefits of marriage on mental health and well-being. The aim of this study was to compare the mental health and self-esteem of married women and single girls in Shiraz. 390 participants (195 married women and 195single women) were selected to participate from the available population. They completed the Socio-Demographic Characteristics Form, SCL90, and the short-form Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (30-item), and Ryff’ s Psychological Well-being Scales. To analyze the data, MANOVA and independent t-test were used. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the mental health and self-esteem of married women and single women. The mental health and psychological well-being of married women was lower than single women, but they enjoyed more self-esteem. According to the results of this study, marriage has effects on mental health and psychological well-being of married women and enhances their self-esteem.