Tibbi- i- kar
Year:2016 | Volume:7 | Issue:4|Papers Count:17

Introduction: Owing to the wide variety of jobs and professions in hospitals, many risk factors threaten staff’s health. However, providing health care, comfort, and welfare of hospital staff is the necessary condition for performing duties effectively and efficiently. The current study investigated the relationship between job accidents and the absence of staff from work in hospitals of Tehran and Iran universities of Medical Sciences.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by questionnaires asking different staff about their job accidents through 2013 in 26 hospitals in Tehran and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. The Chi-square and independent t tests were used to examine the relationship between job accidents and staff’s absence, respectively.Results: 368 completed questionnaires were returned out of 385 introduced ones. Body cut resulted from pointed and sharp objects with 77.2 percent and burning with 6.7 percent were the most and least prevalent accidents among staff. Skin contact with patients’ blood and other fluids were reported as the most absence-causing factor for absence over 92 days absence, and other accidents such as hitting the stretcher with bodies resulted because of the most absence (92 absences), burning and electric shock while working and burning some parts of the body resulted because of the least absences. A meaningful relationship was found between the type of accidents and the absence from work.Conclusion: Skin contact with patients’ blood and biological fluids were the main risk factors for staff to send them off their job. For improving staff efficiency and effectiveness, the job accidents should be investigated based on their absence from work and corrective considerations are respected.

Introduction: Nowadays, air pollution, occupational and industrial harmful exposure caused the increasing prevalence of lung diseases. The pulmonary function testing such as spirometry plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. Due to the increasing use of the classification system in the prediction and detection based on the test samples, diagnosis the patients and non- patients according to their pulmonary performance without testing can be achieved relying on data-based prediction methods.Method: In this study, a new method developed by fuzzy system was used to determine the restriction syndrome pulmonary disease to find workers in the tile industry. The fuzzy system designed considering the main factors affecting respiratory health in tile industry with the values of FVC and FEV1, which is the result of the spirometry test analysis in the workplace. These systems input include the staff occupational and environmental information, and the output is prediction of being sick or healthy.Result: Among the used classification methods, the fuzzy method was achieved acceptable results because of the samples awarded degree in each cluster. According to the developed model in this study for predicting obstructive and restrictive pulmonary syndrome based on the analyzed test samples related to information of workers in 1394, the achieved accuracy was 0.71 and 0.79, respectively.Conclusion: Using the fuzzy systems for modeling and predicting on medical issues such as diagnosis the diseases recommended due to the appropriate performance of them in uncertain environment. The knowledge in fuzzy systems expressed as if-then rules, so the obtained knowledge is understandable by humans and can be refined by experts if necessary.

Introduction: Fatigue in the workplace is considered as a normal experience. Extreme fatigue in the long term may lead to sick leave and work disability. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, poor postures and the power of individual in a heavy industry.Method: This descriptive - cross sectional study was carried out on 100 workers in heavy metal workshop in Isfahan City. A combination of four methods for data collection was used, including observation method (for analysis of jobs and tasks with repetitive movements), interviews (for asking some questions about musculoskeletal disorders, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire method (NMQ), Quick Exposure Check (QEC) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) was used. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and SPSS 16 software.Results: There was a significant difference between the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in different parts of the body such as neck, elbows, back, waist and knees, with the variables of the power of individual, mental fatigue, concentration, motivation, physical activity, respectively (p<0.05). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of risk through the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) with the overall mean of the power of individual (p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the results of levels of risk through Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) with the overall mean of the power of individual (p<0.05).Conclusion: Fatigue can be regarded as a prognostic in musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders can be influential on fatigue.

Introduction: Mental health of nurses and doctors should have a desirable mental health to be able to transfer it to the patients. Therefore, in the first step performing a study about mental health in comparison with the other jobs in the medical sciences is necessary.Methods: This study is quantitative and systematic. In this study, mental health was the dependent variable and the type of occupation was the independent variable. The Studied population was the articles of scientific researches in the field of mental health among the different occupations. The hypothesis of this study was collecting and companing the results in the field of mental health of employers in different groups, especially comparing medical and non-medical sciences. The method used for this research was a meta-analysis one and for analyzing the data, Z scores meta- analysis was applied.Result: The data of the present study showed that the average score of mental health in Medical Sciences group was -0.07, in office jobs was 0.06, in military jobs was -0.01 and in the industrial jobs was -0.7, respectively. Comparative analysis showed that the average scores of mental health in Medical Sciences group compared with the military, Medical sciences, office, and industrial jobs was higher, but in comparison with the military and office, jobs was lower. The lowest level of mental health was related to the industrial jobs and office jobs was higher compared with the other jobs.Conclusion: Studies have shown that the average mental health scores in medical sciences group was higher compared with non-medical group. So, for having committed medical staff it needs more attention about mental health of this group. In macro policy, it should be paid attention to promote the level of mental health of medical sciences in hospitals and clinics.

Introduction: Construction industry is one of the dangerous industries with special requirements in the world.Most companies implemented Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) in order to enhance their health and safety performance, but there are some debates in their effectiveness. The aims of this study were identifying the influential factors on OHSMS success and quantitative evaluation of OHSMS’ effectiveness by Analytical Network Process (ANP) method.Methods: In this study, relative importance weights of main elements and criteria were determined by ANP method. An OHS performance index was developed by obtained importance weights of elements and criteria.Results: Policy, management review and planning had the highest importance weights values in OHSMS. They were 0.32, 0.29 and 0.23, respectively. Management commitment, worker participation, allocating financial resource for OHS programs, risk assessment and having report, record and accident investigation system were influential factors in implementation of OHSASA18001.Conclusion: OHSMS Implementation is a gradual process and influential factors have positive impacts on the effectiveness of OHSMS.

Introduction: methyl diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is one of the most commonly iisocyanate used in the foam manufacturing companies. The aim of this study is to evaluat iisocyanate (MDI) effects on the pulmonary capacities of workers by examining the results of workers spirometers in foam.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Sampling was conducted through census company method. In order to investigate the changes of respiratory capacity in the workers. The information of the medical workers records and the spirometry test results in different two years were determined as well as the level of air pollution in the production units using sampling method using descriptive statistics, paired T-test and linear regression analysis, the data were analyzed.Result: The level of air pollution in the production line of cold foams, and the viscose hall, unit L90 was higher than the maximum allowable (51 microgram/m3). The results of evaluation the respiratory capacity in some workers that expose to MDI, according to work experience more than 3 years, showed that the respiratory capacity of spirometry in 2012 was decreased compared to 2010 (p<0.05). The studied respiratory capacity (FEV1/ FVC) indicated the reduction in these during 2010 to 2012 parameters and on average, FEV1 (15.60%) and FVC (9.7%) was reduced.Conclusion: With increasing the work experience and increasing the duration of exposure to combinations of MDI, workers, respiratory capacity will have been declining and in the long term it might have uncontrollable conditions.

Introduction: The workers who are working in ceramic tile industeries exposed to various kinds of occupational hazardous agents especially metal oxides including silica, lead, aluminum, chromium, cobalt, titanium, zinc, cadmium oxides and other hazardous agents such as sound, infrared radiation, radon gas and heat stress. The present study was carried out to assess the effects of exposure to heavy metals and oxidative stress indices, which may induce related health hazards and occupational diseases.Methods: The present study is an analytical cross-sectional study (historical cohort). Forty male workers in ceramic industry were considered as an experimental group and 39 male employees who were not exposed to any hazardous agents served as a control group. In both groups blood samples were obtained. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated in plasma samples. In order to measured Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol groups (TTG) and catalase activity (CAT) were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.Results: The results expressed as mean SD showed induction of oxidative stress in workers as revealed by increased plasma LPO (1.46±0.559 vs 1.15±0.658, nmol/ml P=0.031), CAT (10.273±15.309, 4.817±4.407 vs U/ml P=0.035). TAC (550.88±104.47 vs 807.23±138.52 mmol/ml P=0.000) and TTG (0.388±0.058 vs 0.423±0.095, nmol/ml P=0.028) in comparison to those of controls.Conclusion: These results indicated that long term exposure to heavy metals leads to induction of activity of anti-oxidant enzyme and in general leads to increase in oxidative stress of ceramic industry workers

Introduction: Personal characters of employees are known as an important effective factor on the quality of their work. Previous studies showed that personality differences had an impact on the function and behaviours of employees and it has potentially impact on the forming organizational climate and productivity. Knowing about personal characters of employees can help the managers to select suitable persons for best positions and it can increase job satisfaction of their workers. The present study was performed for determination of association between job satisfaction and personality characters among relief workers of Tehran Red Crescent.Methods: The present observational analytic study according to the cross sectional method was performed on 199 relief workers of Shahr Rey and Shemiranat branch of Red Crescent organization. NEOPI and Barry Field-Roth's job satisfaction questionnaires were used for data collection.Results: In the present study, 102 (51.3%) participants were satisfied and 97 (48.7%) of people were unsatisfied from your job. There is a significant association between the personal characters and job satisfaction among study participants. Commitment personal character had the most and neuroticism had the lowest association with job satisfaction level among participants.Conclusion: More attention of organization to the personality characters of workers and preparing suitable equipment and environment for increasing workers commitment to their workplaces can prepare supportive and suitable environment for better productive function of workers.

Introduction: According to the increasing growth of industries and technologies and consequently increasing accidents and occupational diseases, this study aimed to by analyzing the main causes of accidents in Yazd Combined Cycle Power Plant and finally prepared the situation to present suitable control measures.Methods: This study is a descriptive–analytical, which is analyzed the trend of occupational accidents. In this study, information collected through check lists and interviews with accident victims and based on the data extracted, the accident indicators were calculated. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: During an 8-year- period, out of 1189 workers, 287 cases of occupational accident have been registered. Results indicated that there was a meaningful relationship between the age, job experience and marital status. The most types of accidents and their causes were related to the trauma and unsafe acts, respectively. The most events had occurred in winter, at the beginning of the day shift in the maintenance unit. Accident indicators decreased specially accident frequency rate (AFR). In this study, maximum and minimum value of frequent-severity index was 1.74 in 1383 and 0.56 in 1390, respectively. In addition the results showed that, education level on accident frequency rate and income monthly had a protective effect on accident frequency rate and severity- frequency rate (FSI).Conclusion: Nowadays, to prioritize hazards and corrective actions, it was used the results of techniques and risk assessments. The results related to accidents can be used at comprehensive database as well as they wereutilized for qualifying the risk the risk assessments.