Payesh
Year:2019 | Volume:18 | Issue:5 |Papers Count:13

Objective(s): Donors contribute to financing, generating resources and providing healthcare services. This study aimed to explore donors' participation in healthcare delivery in health system of Iran Methods: This qualitative study was performed using semi-structured interviews with 36 healthcare donors and 26 policy makers, managers and employees in social affairs deputy of the health ministry and universities of medical sciences in 2018. Purposeful and snowball methods were used for recruiting interviewees. In addition, document analysis was performed using related laws, regulations, policies, plans, etc. Thematic analysis method was used for data analysis. Results: Donors participate in the delivery of physical, mental, and social healthcare services at preventive, curative and rehabilitation levels in Iran. Donors participate in the delivery of healthcare services individually or in groups. They are involved directly through providing healthcare services and indirectly through building healthcare facilities and repairing healthcare technologies and instruments. Conclusion: Donors have significant roles in providing healthcare services in Iran. Hence, policy makers and managers should coordinate and maximize their participation using appropriate donor relationship management (DRM) strategies.

Objective (s): Iran is one of the active centers of health tourism in the West Asia (Middle East). Due to the importance of the medical tourism industry from economic perspective and the potentials that exist in Iran, the purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the internal factors affecting the development of health tourism. Methods: This was a qualitative study. After comprehensive review of literature a sample of experts were interviewed in order to find out internal factors affecting the development of health tourism. Then, using techniques related to fuzzy cognitive mapping approach and social networks analysis, health tourism development model was extracted and scenarios for improving the situation on the model were tested. Results: In all 28 experts were interviewed. The findings illustrated different factors that contributed to the rapid growth of the health tourism industry. The most important factors included: marketing, security, having specialized staff in various medical fields, as well as the number of medical centers. Conclusion: Considering the potential of health tourism in Iran and the results of this research, it is suggested to focus on the main factors identified by this study and take step by step actions to develop health tourism with a proper planning.

Objective (s): Hospital is an important part of health system. This study aimed to investigate the functional role of a teaching hospital in preventing diabetes in the community. Methods: This was a before-after study. A random sample of individuals aged 18-65 with a fasting blood glucose 100 to 125 mg / dl were studies. . Screening and identification of pre-diabetes cases was done through a blood test. The intervention included an educational program in order to increase their knowledge and attitudes about healthy lifestyle and on reduction of the risk of diabetes. To collect data a self-designed questionnaire based on the LSQ lifestyle questionnaire and the national guidelines of the Iranian Ministry of Health was administered twice, once before intervention and once after intervention. Results: In all 300 individuals were entered into the study. Half of the participants in the study were male and the other half were women. The mean age of the participants was 43. 2 (SD = 12. 63) years. The results showed that before and after intervention, there was a significant difference between fasting blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and decreased significantly (P <0. 001). Knowledge, attitude and practice of people in different dimensions of lifestyle including nutrition, physical activity and smoking also indicated a significant increase in the score obtained from questionnaires before and after the intervention (P <0. 001). Conclusion: The findings indicated that for controlling blood glucose and proper diet based on the existing standards of prediabetes mellitus, as well as preventative measures for blood pressure and weight reduction could be achieved by educational interventions.

Objective (s): Suicide attempt is one of the major health problems for many countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics of adolescents with a history of suicide attempt in Larestan, Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive study. The statistical population of this study was all registered cases of adolescent with suicide attempt referred to the health and social emergency centers in the city of Larestan between 2012 to 2018. In this study, . Data were analyzed by using chi-square test. The significance level was considered at 0. 05. Results: There were 184 adolescents with a history of suicide attempt. Of these 123 records were for females (66. 8%); the mean age of the adolescents was 17. 48 ± 1. 63 years, and 146 cases (79. 3%) were single. In all 20 cases (10. 9%) had a history of previous suicide attempts. Overall 5 cases died due to suicide. There was a statistically significant difference between suicide attempt and gender (p = 0. 01). Also, the reason for suicide attempt had a significant relationship with marital status (p = 0. 05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the risk of suicide is higher among single and female adolescents.

Objective (s): Adolescence is an important period in life cycle. However, the fast social and cultural changes plus the complexity and diversity of human relationships put pressure on an adolescent, which require psychosocial abilities to cope with. This study investigated the impact of life skills’ training on adolescent girls. Methods: This was an experimental study with pre-and post-test design. The population included student girls aged 12-14 years old in Birjand, Iran, in 2018. The life skills questionnaire of Saatchi and colleagues was used for data collection. The participants completed the questionnaire before and two months after the training. The training included six sessions of a theory-based educational intervention for the adolescents on anger management and stress control skills and a session for their parents. Results: The mean life skills scores were 124. 57 ± 43. 28 and 148. 35 ± 85. 25 in the intervention group and 142. 4 ± 34. 10 and 139. 79 ± 95. 13 in the control group, respectively indicating that life skills significantly increased in all aspects in the treatment group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that training on anger management and stress control based on social cognitive theory is effective on improving life skills in adolescents.

Objective (s): Dysmenorrhea is a common complain among young females students that impairs their educational performance, and their quality of life. Considering the importance of drinking enough water for health, the present study was conducted to assess the modifying role of water intake on quality of life of university students suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: This Quasi-experimental research was conducted on 70 university students suffering from primary dysmenorrhea and had less than 1600 ml water intake per day. They were asked to modify their water intake based on a proposed protocol for two menstrual periods. Health related quality of life was examined by the 36-item short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36) before and after intervention. Using Wilcoxon signed-rank test quality of life was compared before and after modifying water intake. Results: Among physical and mental health summary measures of the SF-36, an inverse significant difference was observed between physical functioning, bodily pain, general health, role-emotional and mental health between and after intervention. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between quality of life of university students who changed their water intake and suffered from primary dysmenorrhea indicating the modifying role of drinking water as a non-pharmacological intervention for primary dysmenorrhea.

Objective (s): Sexual functioning during pregnancy presents couples with many challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an educational intervention based on PLISSIT model on sexual satisfaction of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This was a non-randomized clinical trial. A sample of pregnant nulliparous women who referred to a large general hospital in Tehran was entered into the study. The sexual satisfaction questionnaire (MWSSQ) and a demographic questionnaire were used to collect data. The Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, independent ttest and chi-square and repeated measures analysis. Results: While there was no significant difference in the mean sexual satisfaction of pregnant women before intervention (p = 0. 91), 4 weeks after training, the sexual satisfaction of pregnant women in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0. 027). However, at the end of the second trimester and the end of the third trimester sexual satisfaction were higher in the intervention group as compared to the control group, but did not show any significant difference Conclusion: Sexual education during pregnancy seems improve sexual satisfaction in women. Indeed it is suggested that sexual education be included in routine prenatal care programs.

Objective (s): Perceived social support is considered to be an important predictor of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived social support and delivery outcomes among pregnant women with low socio-economic status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran. Through cluster sampling, nine hospitals randomly were selected in five regions of Tehran including north, south, east, west, and city center. A sample of pregnant women with low socioeconomic status receiving care was recruited. Data were collected by a validated questionnaire. Results: In all 400 pregnant women were studied. Of these 53. 5% percent scored low in perceived social support. There was a significant relationship between perceived social support (p= 0. 04) and perceived social support from family (p= 0. 03) with gestational age at the time of delivery. Need for NICU care was higher in neonates born to mothers with lower perceived social support score (P = 0. 05). Conclusion: The findings indicated that pregnant women with low socioeconomic background received lower social support. In addition prenatal social support was associated with gestational age at the time of delivery and need for NICU care for newborns. Further research is needed to determine the effect of social support on other aspects of maternal and neonatal health.

Objective (s): Postpartum depression literacy is defined as ‘ knowledge and beliefs about postpartum depression which aid its recognition, management or prevention’ . The purpose of this study was to understand postpartum depression literacy in pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenient sample of pregnant women in Tehran, Iran. Participants completed a demographic and clinical questionnaire and the postpartum depression literacy scale (PoDLiS). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. 0. Results: In all 388 pregnant women participated in the study. The mean postpartum depression literacy for participants was 3. 78 (SD =0. 39). According to the dimensions of postpartum depression literacy, the highest mean score was for knowledge of self-care activities 4. 53 (SD= 0. 55) and the lowest for beliefs about professional help available 2. 50 (SD = 1. 10). The results of independent t test and one-way ANOVA showed that postpartum depression literacy significantly was associated with education (P<0. 001), occupational status (P=0. 001), family history of mental disorders (P=0. 047), and source of seeking information about postpartum depression (P=0. 005). Conclusion: The findings suggest that pregnant women had a moderate level of postpartum depression literacy. It seems that educational interventions to be effective in promoting women’ s mental health literacy and ultimately reducing postpartum depression.

Objective (s): The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of message framing to motivate participation in physical activity among medical students in Iran. Methods: this was an experimental study. Ninety students of Zanjan University, Iran participated in the study. A random sample of students was selected and divided into 3 groups: (n= 30 per each group). One groups received loss frame, the other group received gain frame and the last group received mixed-framed. Post-test was carried out at one month follow-up. Results: The results obtained from covariance analysis with repeated measures showed that the attitude, intention and behavior of participation in physical activity in students who received gain-framed message compared to those who received loss framed message increased, although this increase was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study did not show significant favorite results for any types of message framing. However, gain frame message demonstrated better results.