IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC NURSING (IJPN)
Year:2022 | Volume:10 | Issue:1|Papers Count:11

Introduction: Sexual dysfunction is often associated with affect imbalance and inefficient expectations. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple’, s therapy, cognitivebehavioral couple’, s therapy, and Gottman systemic-cognitive couple’, s therapy on affect balance and marriage expectations of women with sexual dysfunction. Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest, posttest, and two months follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all women with sexual dysfunction and their spouses in fall 2021. From them, 72 couples were selected by the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and a control group (18 couples for each group). The affect balance scale of Diener et al and the marriage expectations scale of Jones and Nelson were used to assess the dependent variable in three stages. The three treatment groups were each treated for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any treatment. The data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance and posthoc Bonferroni test by version 26 of SPSS software. Results: The results showed that, in the post-test and follow up phases, in affect balance, there is a significant difference between emotionally focused therapy (-6. 05 & 5. 83), cognitive-behavioral therapy (-6. 89 &-6. 67) and systemic-cognitive therapy (-6. 28 &-6. 05) with the control group (-9. 83 &-9. 83), and also in marriage expectations there is significant difference between three treatment in posttest (emotionally focused therapy 34. 38, 30 & 13. 44, cognitive-behavioral therapy 32. 83, 30. 61 & 14. 83, and systemic-cognitive therapy 33. 72, 30 & 13. 39) and follow up (emotionally focused therapy 34. 44, 29. 83 & 13. 33, cognitive-behavioral therapy 33. 05, 30. 33 & 14. 78, and systemic-cognitive therapy 33. 89, 29. 94 & 13. 39) and the control group (p <0. 01). There was no significant difference between the three treatments with each other in affect balance and inefficient expectations (p>0. 05). Conclusions: According to the research results, emotionally focused, cognitive-behavioral and systemiccognitive couple’, s therapy are effective in increasing affect balance and realistic expectations, and in reducing idealistic and optimistic expectations in women with sexual dysfunction. It is recommended that these three treatments be used for women with sexual dysfunction in therapeutic centers.

Introduction: The understanding of the psychological characteristics of cosmetic surgery applicants can help in various programs to prevent and treat the psychological problems of these patients. The purpose of this paper was to determine the relationship between emotional disorder and repeated negative thoughts with body image concerns due to the mediating role of family support in women applying for cosmetic surgery. Methods: The present study was conducted by descriptive cross-sectional correlation method. The statistical population included all women referring to cosmetic surgery clinics in Tehran in 2020, from which 133 people were selected by Available sampling. Demographic information form, emotional dysregulation scale, recurring thoughts questionnaire, body image fear questionnaire, and family support questionnaire were used to collect information. SPSS statistical software version 23 and AMOS version 22, descriptive indices, Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the fit indices of the path analysis model indicate that the value of the adaptive fit indices is desirable, ie the research model is able to explain and indicate that the variables of repetitive thoughts and emotional disorder are in a relationship with body image concerns. Thus, it can be said that the family support variable has the ability to mediate the relationship between repetitive thoughts and emotional dysregulation with body image concerns,That is, repetitive thoughts and emotional dysregulation due to family support can predict body image anxiety (P <0. 001). Conclusions: It seems that family support can be an important variable in reducing repetitive thoughts and emotional disorders related to body image concerns,Therefore, it is suggested that therapists pay special attention to this important issue.

Introduction: Nurses are involved with a variety of anxieties, such as death anxiety, because of their jobs. Social curiosity and spiritual health are also factors influencing this anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social curiosity and spiritual health with death anxiety in Kermanshah nurses during the coronavirus epidemic in 2020-2021. Methods: In this research, descriptive and correlational research methods were used. 250 samples of nurses working in Kermanshah were used by cluster sampling method questionnaires were distributed among nurses. Templer death anxiety questionnaire, Renner social curiosity scale, Plutzin, and Ellison spiritual health scale were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression tests by SPSS26 statistical software. Results: The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between social curiosity and spiritual health with death anxiety (p <0. 05). The variables of social curiosity and spiritual health were able to predict 13% of nurses' death anxiety during the corona epidemic. (0/ 001, R = 0/36). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that social curiosity and spiritual health are related to the anxiety of nurses' death. Therefore, these results can help health planners withholding, workshops to familiarize psychological dimensions of death and explanation of life and well-being, and ultimately reduce death anxiety in nurses.

Introduction: Alexithymia and difficulty in identifying and expressing emotions are associated with many physical health problems. Since hemodialysis patients experience chronic physical and psychological stress, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group discussion based on cognitive-behavioral interventions on alexithymia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: The present study was a randomized clinical trial. 60 patients undergoing hemodialysis in Goldis Shahinshahr hospital in the second half of 2019 were selected through a convenience sampling method based on inclusion criteria and randomly using a random number table in both intervention and control groups. The demographic information questionnaire and the Toronto alexithymia questionnaire (Taylor, Ryan & Bagby, 1985) were used to collect data. For the intervention group, 8 sessions of 60-minute group discussion based on cognitive-behavioral interventions were performed Data were analyzed using SPSS19 statistical software. Results: The mean alexithymia Score was 62/51±, 5/46 in the intervention group, and 62/44±, 3/53 in the control group before the intervention, which respectively reached 43/62±, 4/09 and 62/32±, 3/57 after implementation of the intervention and this difference was significant in the intervention group (p≤, 0/001). Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of group training based on cognitive-behavioral interventions on mood disorders in hemodialysis patients, it is suggested that nurses use the method used in the present study as a simple and low-cost method in reducing mood disorders in hemodialysis patients.

Introduction: Shyness as a disability overlaps with social anxiety disorder. Acceptance and commitment therapy is one of the interventions that has been used in the treatment of many anxiety and mood disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the symptoms of social anxiety in adolescent girls. Methods: The statistical population of this experimental research included all-female high school students in Tabriz in the academic year 2020-2021, that 30 students who received the diagnosis of shyness in accordance with the cutoff score in the Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (1983) were selected by multi-stage cluster and available sampling and they were randomly replaced in experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Both groups completed the social phobia scale of Connor et al. and after completing eight sessions of acceptance and commitment-based therapy (two sessions per week for 4 weeks) in the experimental group, the scale was completed by the groups. Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance in SPSS. 16. Results: Based on the results of the analysis of covariance, it was found that acceptance and commitment-based therapy has a significant effect on the symptoms of social anxiety in shy female students (p<0. 001). Conclusions: Considering that teaching acceptance and commitment-based therapy has an effect on the symptoms of social anxiety in shy female students,Teaching this therapeutic approach is suggested as an effective intervention method to improve the symptoms of social anxiety in shy students.

Introduction: Adequate sleep is essential for healthy growth in childhood and adolescence. The aim of this study was to determine the role of neuroticism, dysfunctional beliefs, and emotion regulation in predicting adolescent sleep quality. Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included all adolescent girls and boys in the secondary school of Damghan in the academic year 2020-2021, which was selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling using the Krejcie and Morgan table as a sample of 329 people. To collect information from the short form of the Five Personality Factors Questionnaire (Costa and McCrae, 1992), the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes Questionnaire (Morin et al., 1993), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003), and the Sleep Quality Questionnaire (Buysse et al., 1989) were used. Research data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS software version 18. Results: The results showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between neuroticism (0. 40), dysfunctional beliefs (0. 41), and emotion regulation (-0. 19) with sleep quality. Also, psychiatric variables, dysfunctional attitudes, and emotion regulation were able to predict the sleep quality of high school adolescents (P <0. 001). Conclusions: Adolescent sleep quality can be predicted by neurotic variables, dysfunctional beliefs, and emotion regulation, so it is suggested that psychologists and counselors consider the role of psychotic, dysfunctional beliefs, and emotion regulation to improve adolescent sleep quality.

Introduction: Body dysmorphic has a high prevalence rate and can lead to impaired daily functioning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between primary maladaptive schemas and symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder mediated by self-compassion. Methods: The research method was a correlational study using structural equation analysis. The population of the study consisted of single students aged 18-35 years of Tehran universities in the academic year of 2021-2022, of which 622 were selected (Online response) by Convenience sampling. The research instrument included: the dysmorphic concern questionnaire of Oosthuizen et al. (1998), the Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form (1994), and the short form of the self‐,compassion scale of Raes et al. (2011). For data analysis, the structural equation method and SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 24 were used. Results: The results showed that the direct and indirect effects (mediated by self-compassion) of the schemas of »self-determination and disrupted performance« on symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder were significant respectively, as standardized effects, 0. 26 (P <0. 05) and 0. 14 (P = 0. 01). Also, the indirect effect of schemas in the field of »cut and rejection« and »disrupted limitations« mediated by self-compassion symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder was significant respectively as standardized effects, 0. 05 (P = 0. 05) and 0. 17 (P <0. 01). Finally, the results showed that the schemas of »other-oriented« and »Excessive tinnitus and inhibition« have a direct and indirect effect on symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder (P > 0. 05). Conclusions: Considering self-compassion as a mediator between early maladaptive schema and symptoms of body dysmorphic can help explain body dysmorphic disorder.

Introduction: Emotional intelligence and mental health are well known as two important and influential components of individual and social life. This paper aims to investigate the dimensions of mental health and emotional intelligence of students at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and their relationship with demographic characteristics. Methods: This paper was conducted through a cross-sectional epidemiological method whose statistical population includes all students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2021. In order to collect the required data, demographic characteristics questionnaire, a short emotional intelligence questionnaire, and Goldberg general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was employed using the Likert scoring method. Moreover, linear regression analysis methods and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to analyze statistical data through SPSS vol. 16 statistical software. Results: Among the families where the parents are divorced, individuals have 2. 37 units less general health. Besides, among those who have spent more than half a year in university, they have 0. 49 more units of general health. Regarding the results of analysis of variance and linear regression analysis, the parental divorce variable is significant and explains 3. 1% of changes in social functioning (P-value <0. 05). On the other hand, the religion variable has a significant level and explains 3. 9% of the changes in depressive symptoms (P-value <0. 05). Conclusions: The social dysfunction divorce variable regarding the demographic characteristics, such that students whose parents are separated are more dysfunctional and social. Therefore, students whose parents are divorced have lower general health. Furthermore, the divorce component and students' semester have the greatest impact on their emotional intelligence and mental health as well.

Introduction: Children's eating behaviors are a very important issue that concerns many parents. The role of the mother in understanding the child's feelings and feeding strategies is one of the most important issues of mother-child interaction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between reflective function and feeding styles of mothers of preschool children in Qazvin. Methods: The present study is a correlational study. The statistical population of the study consists of mothers with children aged 0 to 5 years in Qazvin. To conduct the research, 163 participants were selected using a voluntary sampling method. The research instruments included the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) and Instrument for the identification of parental feeding strategies (ISS). Research data were analyzed using canonical correlation analysis. Results: Two dimensions were identified. The first dimension was strongly influenced by the premetallization and interest-curiosity subscales of maternal reflective function and the pressing, rewarding, and modeling subscales of the feeding styles. The second dimension was influenced by certainty and interest-curiosity subscales of maternal reflective function and modeling, monitoring, child's control, pressing, and restriction subscales of the feeding styles. Conclusions: The maternal reflective function plays an important role in determining her feeding styles. If mothers have a better reflective function, they will use more functional methods to interact with the child in relation to nutrition and will show more flexibility in these methods.

Introduction: Work-related rumination is the cause of various psychological stresses in nurses and threatens their mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate work-related rumination and related factors in Iranian nurses working in critical care units. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 182 nurses working in critical care units were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected through work-related demographic information questionnaires and rumination questionnaires (WRRQ) and analyzed using SPSS-v20 software. Results: Work-related rumination in Iranian nurses working in critical care units was moderate (Mean=42. 82). The highest and lowest averages were related to the dimensions of detachment and problem-solving pondering, with averages of 15. 41 and 13. 32, respectively. There was a significant relationship between age, work experience, and type of employment with work-related rumination (p<0. 05). Conclusions: Using the results of this study can help health policymakers to improve the effectiveness of designed measures and programs. Designing personal development programs can provide ideal conditions for nurses to grow up and develop and also reduce their exposure to work-related rumination stimuli and their adverse outcomes.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of short-term intensive dynamic psychotherapy and mentalization-based therapy on emotional dysregulation, defense mechanisms, and insecure attachment styles in women who have experienced the trauma of marital infidelity. Methods: the method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and no follow-up period. From 25 to 45 years old women with have experienced the trauma of marital infidelity in Karaj in 2021, 45 people were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to three groups received (15 people in each group). The research tool included a scale of Adult Attachment Styles, the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale, and the Defensive Style Questionnaire. On group received short-term intensive psychodynamic therapy (15 sessions of one and a half hours). And one group received metallization-based therapy (20 sessions of one and a half hours). The control group was placed on a waiting list and did not receive any intervention during the study. Results: The results showed that both interventions had a significant effect on emotional dysregulation, defense mechanisms, and insecure attachment styles compared to the control group. The results also showed that metallization-based therapy is more significant in reducing underdeveloped defense styles than short-term intensive psychotherapy. Conclusions: The results showed that in addition to the effectiveness of both treatments in the mentioned components, metallization-based therapy, in competition with short-term intensive psychodynamic therapy is more significant in reducing underdeveloped defense styles.