JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY STUDIES
Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:12|Papers Count:8

Conflict in the society is a type of damage which disrupts social relations and creates a space filled with hatred and enmity among people. This will pave the ground for future conflicts and tensions and damage the society materially and spiritually. The present meta-analysis is an attempt to reanalyze a series of pathological studies in the field of affecting factors in collective conflict. This study is a meta-analysis and correlative, and the method of the study is descriptive. Seven conducted studies about collective conflict have been used in this study. Study of the primary sources on the subject, is the main tool of gathering information in this study. After changing the variables and estimating the effect size, Hedges method was used. The effect sizes have interpreted on the base of Cohen's study (1977). Findings of the study show that the effect of age, gender, socio-economic situation and different factors such as (aggression, deprivation, anomie, cultural differences, property disputes, ethnic and tribal belongings) and education are different in tending to collective conflict.

Globalization is a process in which different technical, political, cultural and economic parts of different nations changed to be transnational with the development of connections through which national governments increasingly linked to each other. This dependence and connections cause problems for national sovereignty and national government. This concept didn't have scientific validity until the early 1980's, but since then its application has been global.Globalization creates many opportunities and challenges, and Iran due to its geographical and historical features which put it in the cultural crossroad of the world, has had wide connection with different nations. This is mainly influenced by the strategic location of Iran that western countries were always trying to exploit it to achieve their own goals and interests. These connections in recent century, especially in the late Qajar were taken a new form of colonization and it continued with many ups and downs during the Pahlavi regime. With the Islamic revolution, the connection of Iran with the world was taken a new form, which sometimes has been influenced by the revolutionary atmosphere and specific circumstances. With the ending of the imposed war, there were more opportunities for Iran to increase its connection with the world. This process has had different aspects of cultural, political, economic and etc., among them cultural aspect has been the most important. Because of its long history of civilization and culture, Iran has a huge potential to influence the global trends. Cultural aspects of Iranian civilization, has always had a significant manifestations in the world which indicates the Iranian high cultural capacity to retain itself and even influence on other cultures. The problem now seems to be considered by cultural authorities, is the offering of national culture symbols in a way, understandable and appealing to today's generation and avoidance of any dogmatism and intolerance in cultural affairs. This paper describes the cultural views about globalization and investigates the position of Iranian culture and its role in the process of globalization and also, challenges and opportunities facing it. Some guidelines and recommendations for dealing with the challenges and using the opportunities are presented.

This research was conducted to present a model for promotion of organizational spirituality in district 13 of Islamic Azad University (IAU). The aims of this research are to identify the important factors of organizational spirituality, to propose a model of organizational spirituality and to determine the degree of relevance.The research method is descriptive and random selection classification method was used for sampling. Morgan Table was used to determine the number of selected sample, which were 351 individuals. A researcher–made questionnaire was prepared, the validity of which was confirmed by experts, and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s Alfa (0.98). Using SPSS, the collected data analysed by Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test, Croite Bartlet Test, factor- analysis, independent T-test, Varimax Turning Technique, Fredman Test. Seven factors of (1-better self-awareness 2-sense of meaning in work 3-affinity with organizational values 4-superego leadership 5-sense of solidarity 6-excellent awareness 7-ciritical existence thinking) which explained organizational spirituality selected as the main factors and these factors represent 98 percent of the whole variance. A model of organizational spirituality which consisted of five components of philosophy and objectives, theoretical base, conceptual framework, structure and executive plan, evaluation and feedback system was proposed. The proposed model has the evaluation score of 85 out of 100 which shows the validity of "very much" in a Likert scale.

Sense of security is one of the most important components of quality of life in cities and social damages are among the most important insecurity outcomes. Nowadays, with the popularity of social insecurities in cities, the issue of social security and related factors on it, is necessary. This study aimed to investigate the sense of social security and its related factors in 1391. In this study, sense of social security has been considered from three dimensions of: sense of physical, financial and moral securities. Theoretical framework of the study drawn from views of the three Copenhagen school scholars namely Barry Buzan, Al weaver and Bayren Molar. The research method was survey and a questionnaire was used to collect data. The population was all students of Islamic Azad University of Bukan, and the sample size was calculated through Cochran formula and 242 students were selected. The sampling method was stratified random sampling and the SPSS was used to analyze the data. The results indicate that, the sense of security among students is moderate. Among three dimensions of sense of social security the physical, financial and moral securities obtained the highest score respectively. Also, Pearson correlation shows that, there is a direct correlation between social security and the variables like participation, order, relationship, identity and social control. The relationship between social security and gender and ethnicity is not significant.

A survey of Elia Abu Mazi’s poetry displays the developing process of the portrait of women in a historical perspective. This paper attempts to study the status of women in Abu Mazi’s poetry, using a descriptive and library method. Elia Abu Mazi documented various events in his poems including occupation, invitation to emigration, liberalism, social and political reformation, freedom of speech and action, the role of women and the national uprisings. Abu Mazi’s poetry mirrors the major events and the problems in the lives of people, and promotes freedom and justice. Abu Mazi never overlooked the status of women in his poetry. In Abu Mazi’s poems, a woman takes on different roles such as the imaginary lady, a spouse, mother and sister and the social woman. The results show that Abu Mazi piously viewed the women who are the means of happiness and certitude. Abu Mazi’s poetry implies that women lead human beings towards self-awareness and knowing God.

Motherhood experience is not unified in infertile women and it can be divided to three types of social motherhood, biological motherhood and genetic motherhood. In each of infertility treatments, the unified dimensions of this experience are flawed. This study examines the help of fertility biotechnologies in maternal issue. Thus treatments in which the third person enters to the treatment process, have more complex social dimensions than treatments without the need for the third person. In this study, "fertility biotechnologies as the pain experience" was examined, and "donation intermediary" and "reasons and motivations of donation and its social consequences" were extended and analyzed. The study concludes that in the treatment of infertility whether with feminine or masculine origins, not only the main burden of physical side effects is for women, but also, the social burden of biotechnologies in treatment is affected women. So, what is considered as the motherhood phenomenon is also viewed in infertility treatments. However, due to the men's greater control over the economic resources of the family, in many cases, the final decision on starting or continuing the treatment process through fertility biotechnologies, is made by men.

The cultural environment is made up of forces that affect the initial values, feelings, preferences and behaviors and this environment is considered in marketing and advertising. The cultural variables which are considered in marketing research are ethnicity, socioeconomic status, place of birth, ethnicity, language preference and competence in a second language. In this study we sought to determine the impact of ethnic identity and language preferences on preferred language of commercial advertisements and audiences' attitudes towards these advertisements. Among these variables national identity, gender and education were examined as adjustments variables. The population and the language of the study are Tabriz city and Azeri language respectively. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive attitude toward Azeri advertisements in Azeri-speaking population. Regarding that most people are willing to use Azeri language so these people prefer Azeri advertisements.

This research reviews the relationship between out-group social capital and happiness among the citizens of Tehran. Joy and happiness are one of the essential needs of the modern man against the opportunities and challenges resulting from advances in information and communication technologies. The research method is correlation and the data collected through quantitative method and by a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research is the citizens of Tehran and 412 people selected through Cochran formula and multistage cluster sampling method. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS. The results show that there is high correlation between out-group social capital and happiness. Also, there is meaningful and positive relationship between happiness and hypothesis concerning education, marital status, income and employment status. Also, there is no correlation between age and gender and happiness.