Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery
Year:2012 | Volume:9 | Issue:1|Papers Count:13

Background and Objective: Adolescence is a critical period of life accompanied by a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, which can be reduced by acquiring some special skills. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of anxiety management skills on Students’ Life Satisfaction in one of the Girls’ High schools in Gorgan, 2010.Material and Methods: We conducted this pre-experimental study on 60 girl’s students, from a high school in Gorgan, selected via convenience sampling.We asked the subjects to fill out the demographic data sheet and Dinner life satisfaction questionnaire, and divided them randomly in two groups of intervention and control. For intervention group, a class of anxiety management was performed.To compare the means, we used independent t-test and paired t- test.Results: The results show that there is significant difference between the life satisfaction of before and that of after education (P=0.028), but it is not true for control group.Conclusion: Learning anxiety management skills can increase the rate of life satisfaction in Adolescents; therefore, it can help them to overcome many social problems.

Background and Objective: Pain is a multidimensional phenomenon defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that is associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. Infants and children are vaccinated before two years on several occasions.Many of these vaccines are injectable, and are painful. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether topical tetracaine can reduce the pain of IM DPT injection compared to placebo in infants of two months of age.Material and Methods: In this study, 40 infants aged two months were selected by convenience sampling and randomly placed in two groups of case and control. The Infants of experimental group were injected by using topical tetracaine gel %4 and those of the other group by a placebo. The intensity of injection was scored by a pediatric registered nurse, using the FLACC pain scale.Results: Although the mean of pain intensity in case group (8.3) is lower than that of controls (9.1) and also the time of pain relief, the use of tetracaine could not be significantly effective in reducing the severity of pain due to intramuscular injection of DPT vaccine.Conclusion: Based on the results, there is no significant difference between case and control groups on using tetracaine, but because of low pain intensity in case group, further researches are needed to be done.

Background and Objective: Electroconvulsive Therapy is a psychiatric treatment in which a group of professions including anesthesia, psychiatry and nursing are needed. One of the most important nursing cares is patient education, especially about having temporary cognitive impairment occurred after ECT. This study investigated the effect of training on cognitive status of patients undertaken ECT.Material and Methods: This pre-experimental study was conducted on 74 patients, first treated with electroconvulsive therapy, who were placed randomly in two equal groups of case and control. In case group, we used pamphlet, images and lecture to give information. Patients’ cognitive status was assessed before ECT and twenty-four hours after the first, third and sixth sessions. The data was collected by a questionnaire called MMSE cognitive status and analyzed by Repeated measurement and t-test.Results: There is significant difference between cognitive status of case and controls (p<0/01) 24 hours after the first and third treatment sessions, but no changes for sixth session.Conclusion: lack of knowledge results in fear and disturbances, which in turn leads to exacerbating of cognitive problems. Thus, nurses are required to give the patients adequate information before ECT.

Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common chronic diseases in Central Nervous system. Its chronic nature, absence of known cure and onset in young adults results in deteriorating effect on the heath of these people. This study was carried out to determine the effect of self-management program on Health Status of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).Material and Methods: the participants of this pre-experimental study were 82 MS patients referring to Iranian society of MS in Tehran selected via convenience sampling. The data was collected by a demographic data sheet and the health status questionnaire, and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Before intervention, the mean of health status subscales show that there is no significant difference between two groups of case and control, While after intervention and two months later (except of pain and social function), there are significant differences in the health subscales of two groups (p≤0.05). Furthermore, in three times of measurement, there is a meaningful difference between two groups.Conclusion: the results show that the self-management program results in improving the health status of patients with multiple sclerosis; therefore, application of this supportive method could be useful to empower the MS patients and help them to manage their problems.

Background and Objective: Academic achievement is associated with the knowledge and application of effective study skills. The aim of the current study was to investigate the study skills of nursing and midwifery students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences.Material and Methods: In this descriptive study, 211 students were recruited through census in 2008-2009 academic years. The data was collected by using Cangas Study Skills Inventory (CSSI). Reading ability, note-taking, memory enhancement, readiness to exam, concentration and time managements were the subscales surveyed. The data derived from the instrument was analyzed by statistical tests, using SPSS software.Results: The mean standard deviation is 2.47±0.40 of four. The reported study skills are weak (43.6%), moderate (53.6%) and sufficient (2.8%). The study skills of female students is significantly higher than males (p=0.017) and freshmen’s Study skills is better than that others (p<0.0001).Conclusion: The study skills of the majority of students are not sufficient. It seems that studying in university could not improve study skills and it is a necessity for the students to pass study skills workshop or even a course as a part of university curriculum.

Background and Objective: Mother’s satisfaction of childbirth is considered as an important criterion of maternal care quality and it has an effect on mental health of family and community, and Mother's mood is significant in the outcome of labor. The parturient supported by significant others has less anxiety, experience of safe childbirth and adequate satisfaction. Thus, we aimed at assessing the effect of the presence of an attendant on satisfaction, anxiety and labor pain of primiparae referring to Hajar Hospital in Shahre Kurd, 2010.Material and Methods: This pre-experimental study was conducted on 60 primiparous women, referring to Hajar Hospital in Shahre Kurd (2010), who were divided into equal experimental and control groups. The parturients of both groups received common cares, while those of experimental group were allowed to be with an attendant. Using a check list, we assessed the level of anxiety, labor pain, newborn's first- minute apgar, the onset of breastfeeding and childbirth satisfaction from beginning to end of labor, and analyzed the data by SPSS-16 software, using t-tests and Chi-square.Results: Our findings show that the support given by an attendant during childbirth significantly decrease the level of anxiety, early start of breastfeeding and increased mother' s satisfaction of childbirth (p<0/05). There is no significant difference between two groups on length of active phase, duration of second phase of childbirth and apgar of the first minute.Conclusion: According to results, we conclude that being an attendant near parturient can bring about childbirth satisfaction, decreased anxiety, and early start of breastfeeding.

Background and Objective: Brucellosis is a zonosis that can be transmitted between species from animals to humans or from humans to animals, which is still a major health and economic problem. The main preventive strategy for brucellosis is to educate rural ranchers on the basis of Precede framework. We aimed to study the effect of educational intervention program based on Precede Model and its main components on preventive behaviors to reduce Brucellosis in the rural district of Khomein.Material and Methods: In this pre-experimental randomized controlled study, the samples were 400 adult men of rural district of Khomein city randomly allocated to case and control groups.Data gathering instrument was a questionnaire based on Precede framework. Reliability of the questionnaire through the internal consistency test on the pilot phase was approved on 25 individual and the validity was confirmed by face validity. The intervention, based Precede framework, was a package of three 60-90 minute sessions conducted weekly. The subjects were followed for three months and the data analyzed by independent T-test, paired T-test, analysis variance with repeated observations.Results: After intervention, the mean scores of predisposing (knowledge and attitude), reinforcing and enabling factors in case group is different significantly from that in control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Planning and implementation of health education intervention via Precede framework could be positive in increasing preventive behaviors to reduce brucellosis incidence.

Background and Objective: Ageing is a sensitive period of life, and attention to the needs and an issue of this stage is a social necessity. The loneliness caused by lack of social relationship impacts on physical health, quality of life and life satisfaction of the elderly. Because of importance of this problem, we aimed at determining the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction in elder people.Material and Methods: In study descriptive-correlational study, 100 senior citizens living in Gorgan and Gonbad were selected via purposive sampling. We collected the data by loneliness and life satisfaction questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman correlation coefficient.Results: The mean and SD (14±6) of loneliness are high and of life satisfaction are average (24±7). Based on spearman, the correlation between loneliness and life satisfaction is significant (p<0.01, r=0.6). Also, there is significant difference between life satisfaction and education al level (p<0.01).Conclusion: In line with this study clarified the effect of loneliness on life satisfaction, we recommend having continual contact with the elderly to recognize their social relationships and beliefs, family and health staff training about aging to enhance the perceptive interactions and designing some educational, therapeutic and rehabilitation programs.

Background and Objective: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is a common sexually transmitted protozoal infection and is associated with several adverse outcomes such as preterm labour, delivery of a low-birth weight infant, and facilitation of sexually transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. In Iran, the prevalence of trichomoniasis has been reported between 2 to 8%. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of this infection among women referred to a laboratory in Zanjan.Material and Methods: In this Cross-sectional study, 328 women were selected via convenience sampling. Because of vaginal discharge, itching, burning and malodor, they were referred to a laboratory by a gynecologist. After preparing a demographical check list, the vaginal specimens were examined by wet smears for Trichomonas vaginalis, in 2010. To analyze the data, we use chi square and fisher exact test.Results: The clients (54.43%) are 25-34 years old, homemaker (87%), illiterate or primary school education (48%).The prevalence of T. Vaginalis infection is 6.4%. there is no significant relationship between T.Vaginalis infection and factors like age, education level, marriage age, contraceptive method, occupation, dwelling place and number of labour.Conclusion: In comparison with other studies, the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Zanjan is moderate. Because of co-existing with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), we suggest conducting further studies about the prevalence of other STDs in Zanjan.

Background and Objective: Nosocomial infection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patient. Some experts believe that nurses have a major role in infection control. We aimed to examine and compare the knowledge and practice of prevention and control of Nosocomial infection among nurses and nursing students in Amol.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 nurses working in state hospitals of Amol (n=100) and internship nursing students (n=90) in 2010.We collected the data by a questionnaire including personal characteristics, knowledge and practice part, and analyzed, using statistical software SPSS-16, by descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test, chisquare and Pearson correlation.Results: The mean score of nurses' knowledge and practice, respectively, was 6.91±1.06 and 8.00±1.33 in the range of 0-10 that is significantly more than students' knowledge and practice 6.29±1.73 and 7.56 ± 7.56 (P=0.009). More Than half of the participants (59% of students and 53.4% nurses) have a moderate level of knowledge. There is significant difference between nurses' knowledge and students' (P=0.003).Conclusion: The results suggest that students’ knowledge and performance is weaker than those of nurses. And they both need to receive Documented and managed training programs related to prevention and control of nosocomial infection during their educational period and work.

Background and Objective: Mental health of adolescents largely depends on family welfare. In secondary school period, most of teenagers’ talents can emerge and at the end of this time, they acquire social skills and independent identity. We aimed at evaluating the mental health and its relationship with family welfare in pre-university students in Salmas city.Material and Methods: The subjects of this cross-sectional study were 160 pre-university students selected via stratified random sampling, based on gender. We collected the data by standard GHQ-28 and research-made family welfare questionnaires, and analyzed by chi square and logistic regression, using SPSS software.Results: Based on the results, 48.9% of girls and 35.7% of boys are suspected to have mental disorder. The percentage of mental disorder among Students whose family welfare are excellent, intermediate and poor is 22.2%, 48.8% and 61.1%, respectively. Using chi square, there is significant relation between variables such as living with parents, maternal education, parental cohabitation, number of family members and all aspects of family welfare and mental health (p<0.05). By performing logistic regression, using Backward method, significant relationship is shown between mental health and variables such as gender, maternal education, parental cohabitation, leisure activities, economic status and family facilities (p<0.05).Conclusion: The relationship found between mental health and family welfare is needed to have appropriate policies of government and family, in the form of welfare and leisure activities, to improve adolescents’ well-being.

Background and Objective: One of the important factors for safe Parturition of women is considering the birth intervals. It seems that knowing about effective factor on behavior and action of people is good for health policy. Thus, we aimed at studying the knowledge, attitude and practice of married women, referring to Gorgan’s health centers in 2008, about contraception methods.Material and Methods: We conducted this descriptive-analytic study on 275 married women, selected via convenience sampling, referring to six health centers in Gorgan. The Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire (α=0.8) including four parts of demographic, knowledge, attitude and practice, and analyzed by SPSS software, using descriptive statistics, correlation and Chi Square.Results: The main reported contraceptive methods are coitus interruptus (36.36%) and condoms (20.72%). There is significant relationship between knowledge and occupational status (P=0.011), knowledge and educational level (P<0.05), practice and educational level (P<0.000), and between attitude and occupational status (P=0.012).Conclusion: Increased level of knowledge is one of the essential components of improving level of the health and hygiene. The main point for family planning should be stress on heightening of educational level. Strengthening the knowledge and changing the attitude may lead to women selecting the safe contraceptive method and modifying their fertility behaviors.

Background and Objective: Evaluation is one of the most important parts of any academic program. One of the latest methods used for clinical assessment is Log book, in which clinical activities and techniques based on educational objectives are recorded to establish learning, recognize inaccessible objectives and provide students’ continuous evaluation. The aim of this study was to assess midwifery students’ perspective about clinical evaluation based on Logbook.Material and Methods: this descriptive research was conducted on 72 senior midwifery students who had been evaluated once by traditional method. In the beginning of the semester, a Log book accompanied by two check list of clinical evaluation and self evaluation are delivered to students. The instruments’, a researcher-made questionnaire, content and face validity were confirmed by a few faculty members of the university. Using SPSS software, we reported frequencies, mean and standard division of the data and analyzed by statistical tests.Results: The students’ viewpoint on the effectiveness of Log book is 71% (nearly desirable) in maternal and child health education, 67.6 % (relatively desirable) in prenatal training, 75.3% (desirable) in gynecology clinic and 74.2 % (nearly desirable) in labour department.Conclusion: In terms of our results, midwifery students’ perspective about using Log book in clinical evaluation is positive; therefore, we suggest it as an effective evaluation method.