SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2022 | Volume:6 | Issue:4|Papers Count:12

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of different chromosomal abnormalities in amniotic fluid samples of Iranian women referred to Sarem Women's hospital. Besides, to identify different indications of referral and the prevalence of abnormalities in each category, and assigning the abnormality rate to mothers' age, of 35 years and above and less than 35. Material and Methods: 8245 amniotic fluid samples of women were referred to Sarem women’, s hospital from March 2006 to March 2022. After receiving genetic counseling, theywere referred for cytogenetics investigation. Findings: 4. 8% of samples had chromosomal abnormalities of which 70. 45% were numerical and 29. 55% were structural. The most common numerical abnormality was trisomy 21 accounting for 36. 11% of all abnormal cases and 51. 25% of numerically abnormal cases. Abnormal Maternal Serum Screening Test (AMSST) was found to be the major indication of referral with 76. 5% of all referrals. 46. 71 % and 53. 29% belonged to the <35 and ≥, 35 age groups, respectively with trisomy 21 responsible for 45. 02% of abnormalities in women of ≥, 35 age and structural abnormalities of 29. 18 % of women <35. Conclusion: This study emphasizes prenatal screening and cytogenetic testing for chromosomal abnormalities. Furthermore, the high level of both numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities in women of both age groups highlights the significance of cytogenetic testing for all pregnant women regardless of their age.

Introduction: Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a placental lesion that is associated with high fetal morbidity and mortality, and definitive criteria for the diagnosis of this factor have not been established. Considering the importance of complications and high fetal mortality, the aim of this study was a successful pregnancy in a case of placental chronic histiocytic intervillositis in the form of a case report. Case introduction: A 37-year-old pregnant woman (G3P1Ab1L1) with a body mass index (BMI) of 26. 7 was referred to the perinatal clinic at Sarem Hospital in Tehran. She had normal menstrual cycles with a duration of 3 to 7 days and an interval of 28 days. The patient did not have amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, or spotting, and her bleeding was normal. Also, the patient had thrombophilia and was hospitalized at 34 weeks due to placental histiocytosis, polyhydramnios, and Doppler condition. The left ovary had a small adhesion to the tubes and it was opened. A 15 cm cyst was observed and the fluid was referred to cytology, which fortunately was not malignant and the left ovary was restored. Conclusion: There are still many unknowns about CHI and the current evidence is limited by a single case report. Although, the evidence for rare diseases is weaker, there are ways to overcome these problems. Furthermore, prospective studies on unselected samples, determining the full range of prognosis associated with CHI, as well as identifying a clear relationship between the disease and pregnancy outcomes, would reduce the possibility of selection or reporting bias

Introduction: The new coronavirus, known as Covid-19, is a highly contagious disease that is spread through the respiratory droplets of infected people. Vertical transmission is the transmission of an infectious pathogen from mother to fetus in the prenatal and postpartum period or to the infant during the postpartum period through intrauterine placenta, contact of body fluids during childbirth or through direct contact due to postpartum breastfeeding. The aim of this study was investigation of vertical transmission of the disease through umbilical cord blood from mother to infant. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 117 patients participated in the project. All pregnant women had positive RT-PCR results for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swabs were used to detect Covid-19 infection. To perform umbilical cord blood sampling, a sterile needle was inserted through the vagina and 10 cc of amniotic fluid was carefully withdrawn under sterile conditions without rupture of the membranes and leakage. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 24. Results: Among the 5 cases (4. 3%) of positive cord blood test compared to the negative cases (95. 7%) of this test, there was no difference between the gender of the newborns (P>0. 05). The average weight of babies with positive umbilical cord blood was 3067. 46 grams and in babies with negative umbilical cord blood, it was 3588 grams, and a statistically significant difference was observed between these two groups (P<0. 05). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups including positive and negative cord blood tests and parameters such as gender, height, weight, heart rate, breathing rate and Apgar scores of one and five minutes of newborns (P>0. 05). Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that the possibility of vertical transmission of the coronavirus through cord blood is not high (nearly 4% of cases). On the other hand, the low weight of the baby at birth can indicate the transmission of this virus from mother to baby. To prove this reason, more studies should be conducted in the future and in a more large number of populations.

Aims: People with disabilities are one of the layers of a civil society and they constitute 10-15% of the population in the whole world, and they certainly need education and training to develop their abilities. In order to maintain their personal independence and human dignity, they need to be empowered. Therefore, conducting this research to find the factors affecting the empowerment of these people seems to be a necessary issue. Research method: Searching in various databases including Scopus, Science Direct, Pub Med, Google Scholar, Iran doc and using articles related to the field of empowerment and women with physical disabilities and using Persian keywords of empowerment of women and in English physical disability and the English keywords women's empowerment and physical disability were searched with a time limit from 2000 to 2018. The inclusion criteria included articles published in English and Farsi and examining the empowerment of women with physical disabilities. Out of a total of 264 articles, 10 articles were reviewed based on the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: There are many factors in empowering women with disabilities. These factors are divided into two areas, the first area is individual and social factors affecting the empowerment of women with physical-motor disabilities, and the second area is psychological factors affecting the empowerment of women with physical-motor disabilities. And these things can give them the opportunity to live a better life and improve the quality of life of these women.

Introduction: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon illness that is characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Patients typically present with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, which can further progress into signs associated with liver failure, including jaundice, encephalopathy, and coagulation disorders. The most common causes of BCS include pathologies that induce portal vein thrombosis, such as myeloproliferative disorders, malignancy, and acquired hypercoagulable states. Case introduction: A 45-year-old woman with primary infertility was referred to Sarem Hospital for two years. The cause of PCOS was diagnosed and finally, she got pregnant after taking metformin. A few years ago, following the feeling of malaise, weakness, and skin itching, he took a Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (Gamma GT) blood test and a liver function test (LFT) and was diagnosed with BCS following ulcerative colitis by a gastroenterologist. During pregnancy, she was treated due to increased resistance of uterine arteries. Finally, due to the onset of labor pains, she underwent a cesarean section and a healthy girl was born. Conclusion: Management of pregnancy with Budd-Chiari syndrome is a major challenge. Therefore, careful monitoring, appropriate anticoagulation, and monitoring of fetal growth and liver status with an experienced and expert team can lead to successful results.

Introduction: ERBB1 gene is highly expressed in various human tumors, including breast cancer, and is considered as the initiator of various important stages during malignancy. The aim of this study was to investigate of mutation and expression of the ERBB1 gene in Iranian women with primary breast cancer and its relationship with the pathobiology characteristics of the disease. Material and methods: Women with primary breast cancer were admitted to Mehrad Hospital in Tehran and underwent surgery. Part of the macroscopically visible tissue sample was collected from 121 patients with this cancer. 81 patients were appropriate for entry into the study. DNA and RNA were extracted. ERBB1 copy number was investigated using the MLPA technique. ERBB1 RNA was extracted from the tissue samples and cDNA synthesis was performed with a kit. Samples were analyzed using Real-time PCR for the determination of ERBB1 gene expression level. Results: The age range of the patients was between 41 and 70 years, and the patients were divided into two categories, below and above 50 years. In 7 patients with ERBB1 copy increase, none showed increased expression for this gene. Also, five patients who had an increase in the expression of this gene did not show an increase in the number of copies of this gene. No statistically significant relationship was observed between increased expression and copy number of this gene in the patients. But,there was significant association between ERBB1 gene expression and III-I stage of the disease (P<0. 001),however, there was no significant association between clinical and histopathological parameters with ERBB1 gene mutation and expression. Conclusion: This study shows that an increase in the expression of the ERBB1 gene does not necessarily reflect an increase in copy number of the gene. Other mechanisms such as epigenetics might be involved. There was significant association between ERBB1 gene expression and III-I stage of disease. However, these findings should be investigated in a larger sample size.

Introduction: The most famous teratoma is related to mature cystic teratoma, which is generally called dermoid cyst because skin elements are dominant in them. This type of teratoma is a benign tumor that is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumors. Therefore, our aim of this study was to report a case of vague abdominal pain due to mature cystic ovarian teratoma in the right lower quadrant (RLQ) and epigastric area. Case introduction: 39-year-old woman with abdominal pain to the hospital? ? ? ? ? ? ? He visited in 1401. The ultrasound of this patient revealed that in the center and right side of the pelvis, the image of a 80 mm thick cyst containing an echogenic component suggesting calcification was evident, and next to it, another solid cystic lesion with thick septa and two solid components was seen. It was concluded that the above set of findings indicated teratoma. Conclusion: Imaging methods have important role in timely diagnosis and treatment. In addition, this situation should be diagnosed immediately and appropriate imaging methods should be used to perform emergency surgery. In the case report of our study, abdominal and pelvic ultrasound, CT scan report, pathology and cancer diagnostic factors helped to diagnose this complication.

Introduction: Conflict is a phenomenon that has positive and negative effects on human performance. One of the complex and conflicting environments of the health system is the hospital. Among hospital jobs, midwifery as a job that deals with two target groups (mother and child) has its own tensions, and on the one hand, individual and organizational factors, as well as the roles of the health team, cause the emergence of There are conflicts in midwifery. Considering the importance of the subject, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between conflict resolution management styles and the level of creativity of midwives working in maternity hospitals in Qom city. Material and methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical study of correlation type. The research population is all 177 midwives working in the delivery rooms of Qom hospitals. Due to the limited size of the statistical population, the sampling is in the form of a census. The tool of data collection in this research is a questionnaire that was developed in three parts: 1) the first part of demographic characteristics, 2) the part related to Robbins' conflict resolution management standard questionnaire and 3) the part related to Abedi's creativity standard questionnaire. After collecting the data, the processing was done at two descriptive and inferential levels using SPSS software. Results: The findings showed that the correlation coefficient between the styles of control strategy (competition) and the solution strategy (cooperation and compromise) was equal to 0. 277 and 0. 215, respectively, which shows the correlation between the managerial styles of conflict resolution and creativity of midwives working in the maternity hospitals of the city. It was Qom. Also, between the strategy style of nonconfrontation and non-competition (avoidance), the correlation coefficient was equal to-0. 253, which indicated a negative and inverse correlation between the strategy style of non-confrontation and non-competition (avoidance) with the creativity of midwives working in maternity hospitals in Qom. The mean of conflict resolution management did not have a statistically significant correlation with demographic characteristics, but a correlation was observed between the level of education of the respondents and creativity. Conclusion: A positive and strong relationship between creativity and conflict resolution in midwives was observed in this research. Therefore, it is suggested that specialized classes and courses in the field of conflict management and creativity be held for midwives to familiarize them with appropriate management methods and styles. This problem has led to an increase in the effectiveness and efficiency of the relevant organization and makes the organization reach its goals.