SAREM JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (SAREM JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE)
Year:2022 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Although new strains of coronavirus such as Omicron are less lethal, they have one of the fastest transmission rates. In addition to pulmonary infection, this disease also has many complications such as kidney complications. In this study, we present an 80-year-old woman with acute kidney injury with a normal creatinine level who was admitted to Sarem Women’, s Hospital. Case presentation: An 80-year-old female patient came to the emergency department of Sarem Hospital, Tehran, Iran, on the morning of April 9, 1402, complaining of weakness and lethargy, and body pain. The patient had previously visited other centers twice and experienced a rise in creatinine from 0. 6 mg/dL to 1. 3 mg/dL. Due to the rales and edema of the lower limbs, the patient was sent to a specialized nephrology center. One round of dialysis was performed for the patient. Fortunately, the patient recovered his kidney function. Conclusion: The net level of creatinine is not a suitable criterion to determine the functional status of all patients and its changes must be evaluated to diagnose AKI. Even changes as small as 0. 3 mg/dL in creatinine level should be considered. Also, the physical examination of patients with Omicron is very important and should not be neglected.

Introduction: Infertility is one of the world's medical problems,about 10-15% of couples have experienced the problem of infertility. In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify a desirable and ideal medicinal plant with a strong anti-metabolic effect and the effect of this plant on male fertility. Sesame is an essential oil seed obtained from the Sesamum indicum plant. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the sesame seed diet on the epididymis and seminal vesicle structure of adult male rats. Material and methods: The 30 adult Wistar rats weighing 200 gr were obtained from the animal house of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Mice were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n=15) and control (n=15). The control group received a standard diet and the experimental group received a diet containing 70% of the standard diet and 30% of sesame seeds after weaning for 12 weeks. The right epididymis was removed and crushed into several pieces in a sample bottle containing normal saline for several minutes to allow the sperm to swim out. Sperm parameters, sperm count, and motility were also determined. The left epididymis was divided into three parts and fixed in Bouin's solution for histological evaluation. Also, seminal vesicles were examined after being fixed. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and the t-test. P<0. 05 was considered significant. Results: The average number of cells and sperm motility in the left epididymis in the experimental group was very significant compared to the control (P<0. 001). The average diameter of the epididymis of the tubes, lumen and epithelium was not significantly different in the three parts (P>0. 05). A significant difference was observed between the treatment and control groups in fibromuscular diameter and seminal vesicle epithelium (P<0. 05). The volume density of the seminal vesicle epithelium in the treatment group compared to the control group increased significantly, but the volume density of the fibromuscular gland and the lumen of the seminal vesicle decreased significantly in the treatment group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Sesame consumption improved sperm motility and number. However, it did not affect epididymal tissue. Therefore, to further investigate this seed on the reproductive system, more studies should be conducted in this field.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but potentially fatal syndrome of immune hyperactivation. The HLH-2004 criteria is a standard guide for the diagnosis of HLH. We report the case of a 48-year-old female who presented with a sore throat, fever, weakness, and lethargy. Initial laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia. A bone marrow aspirate was performed, which revealed hemophagocytosis. The patient fulfilled the HLH-2004 criteria. The present study tries to raise awareness about the proper diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and to notify clinicians about one of the rarest complications of this disease (HLH).

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells that are characterized by the ability to self-renew and differentiate and transform into other types of body cells. Umbilical cord cells are a valuable source of mesenchymal stem cells that are of interest for stem cell therapy. In this study, stem cells of umbilical cord matrix were investigated using several mesenchymal markers. Material and methods: In the present study, after isolation and cultivation of the cells, when they reached 80% confluency, they were trypsinized and passaged, and after the fourth passage, the cells were prepared for flow cytometry. First, the cells were counted and about 5x106 cells were prepared along with 20 μ, l of conjugated antibody of baficoarithrin (PE) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and 100 μ, l of PBS and centrifuged. Finally, the cell plaque was dissolved in 100 μ, l of PBS and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: The findings showed that more than 80% of the stem cells population derived from the umbilical cord matrix expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers. The population of stem cells isolated from the umbilical cord matrix were positive for MSC markers. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that umbilical cord cells matrix are a source of mesenchymal stem cells that can be a suitable substitute for stem cells in clinical applications and cell therapy.

Introduction: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to convert and differentiate into different types of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells that can differentiate into all types of cells. The purpose of this study was to cultivate and isolate mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow and to express some surface markers in mesenchymal stem cells. Materials and Methods: In this research, human bone marrow sample (iliac crest) was used to produce bone marrow stromal cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated based on their adhesion properties. In order to prove that the cells are mesenchymal, in addition to their adhesion properties, CD13, CD49e, CD73, CD105 and CD90 markers were investigated after the fourth passage by flow cytometry. Results: In the culture of cells derived from bone marrow up to the fourth passage, the mesenchymal cells were morphologically more similar to fibroblastic cells. Flow cytometry analysis of surface markers demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from the fourth passage express CD13, CD49e and CD105 markers to a higher extent and CD73 and CD90 markers to a lesser extent. Conclusion: Stem cells isolated from bone marrow have high levels of expression of surface markers specific to stem cells, especially of mesoderm origin, which proves these cells are mesenchymal.

Introduction: Endosalpingiosis is a disorder of the mullerian system characterized by benign glands lined with tubal type epithelium and involves the peritoneum, subperitoneal tissues and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Myometrial endosalpingiosis is very rare. Case report: A 48-year-old female presented to Sarem hospital complaining of abdominal pain for six months. Gynecological and radiologic examination revealed a pelvic mass, suggestive of a leiomyoma with secondary cystic changes. The gross examination showed a subserosal large cyst meatured 11×7×9 cm. The cyst microscopically consisted of multiple macro cysts lined with benign tubal epithelium. As a result of these findings, the diagnosis was cystic endosalpingiosis. Conclusion: In this report, the clinicopathologic features of a cystic endosalpingiosis case located in the myometrium is presented with a review of literature. Rarely, endosalpingiosis is presented with such large cystic changes and significant macroscopic findings. Awareness of the existence of this rare lesion prevents misdiagnosis.

Introduction: Her2 / neu gene (HER2) is a member of the family of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) encoding a 185 kd protein with tyrosine kinase activity. This gene is expressed in a variety of tissues such as kidney, skin, colon, ovary and mammary glands and mostly is found in plasma membrane. Following amplifying or increasing of HER2 transcription, carcinogenesis or deterioration of tumorigenicity has been observed in some cancers. Epigenetic mechanisms and chromatin modifications play a significant role in gene expression, transcriptional regulation, and cancer progression. Studies have shown that these changes can also affect the sequence of enhancers, short DNA motifs that serve as binding sites for specific transcription factors. Chromatin regions such as DNase I sensitive sites and histone modifications such as H3K4me1 and H3K27ac are used to predict possible enhancers. Active enhancers that express eRNAs (non-coding transcriptional RNAs derived from enhancers) have two H3K4me1 and H3K4me3 histone marks. A therapeutic approach that directly targets genomic changes can be valuable because it has no effect on healthy cells. The development of genome editing tools such as the CRISPR system could provide such an opportunity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of the GH17J039694 region as an enhancer, which we called HER2-En1 (HER2-Enhancer1) for short, located in the HER2 gene in the 17q12 region: 37850592-37853472 (GRCh37/hg19. 2009) with the help of bioinformatics studies and by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology for genetic manipulation. Materials and Methods: Genetic editing of this region was done for cis and trans studies in HER2+ and HER2-breast cancer cells. Bioinformatics studies were conducted in different cell lines with the help of databases such as GEO gene, ChIPAtlas and TCGA. The laboratory results showed the reduction of HER2 variants and expression changes of other studied genes. In general, according to bioinformatics and laboratory studies, it seems that this part of the HER2 gene can be considered as an integral regulatory region. Results: The results showed the decrease in the expression of the variants in the studied cell lines after 24 hours in cis and the expression changes of other studied genes in trans. Also, bioinformatic studies such as histone modifications (H3K27ac) showed the importance of HER2-En1 as a regulatory region. Conclusion: In general, according to bioinformatics and laboratory studies in the form of gene editing of the HER2-En1 region, it seems that this part of the HER2 sequence can be considered as an enhancer regulatory region.

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which endometrial-like tissue develops outside the uterus. The present study is a systematic review to classify the types of endometriosis. In this study, 10 classifications of endometriosis were investigated. Even though a considerable period has passed since the identification of endometriosis, a comprehensive and integrated classification has not yet been proposed. We believe that according to the findings related to gene expression, shortly, five disorders of superficial peritoneal endometriosis, cystic ovarian endometriosis (endometrioma), deep endometriosis, extra-pelvic endometriosis, and adenomyosis will be classified as five similar diseases, rather than five forms of a single disease.