SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE
Year:2015 | Volume:4 | Issue:2|Papers Count:19

Background and Aim: Overweight and obesity is a risk factor for osteoporosis. On the other hand, it has been suggested that regular physical activity can prevent bone disease such as osteoporosis in women. The aim of the present was to study the effect of 8 weeks of Pilates along with taking celery seed on the bone mineral density in hip ans lumbar spine of women with overweight.Materials and Methods: twenty eigth women with a mean age of 31 ± 5.5 years, weight 68 ± 9.5 kg voluntarily participated in this study. Individuals were assigned randomly into four groups (Group I: Control, Group II: Pilates exercise, Group III: celery seed consumtion and Group IV: Pilates exercise and celery seed consumption). Celery seed supplements was taken orally 3 capsules daily for 8 weeks (each capsule contained 1.3 grams). Pilates exercise was done with intensity of 50 % to 80 % of maximum heart rate.Results: Pilates and celery seed consumption reduced body weight, but had no significant effect on the bone mineral density. However, Pilates plus celery sedd consumption showed a significantly better effect than the other intervention groups.Conclusion: the esult of present study suggests a protective effect the drug-free strategy, such as Pilates plus celeryf seed consumption on the pathogenesis responses of bone damage in adult women with overweight.

Background and Aim: Early diagnosis of motor problems and initiation of occupational therapy services helps children with motor problems to achieve better results. Because the developing brain has a high potential for improving in the first months after birth. Therefore, in this study, the mean age of onset of occupational therapy (OT) services and the factors tht affects it has been investigated.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in a comprehensive rehabilitation clinic in the city of Shiraz.65 children with motor problems was recruited by convenience sampling method, using a researcher-designed questionnaire and Family Empowerment Assessment Questionnaire.Result: the age of motor problems diagnosis in the clients of this clinic was 9.1±8.5 months and the age of commencing the rehabilitation service was 17.9±13.9 months. There was a 11month period difference between age of diagnose and age of services onset (p=0.001). Children who have been diagnosed by a physician have benefited of OT services sooner than those whom their parents have expressed concern about their motor problems (p=0.041). Other factors such as gender, educational and societal status of parents, the economic level of families, birth weight, and the child’s birth status was not significantly effective in initiating the OT services (p<0.05).Conclusion: Diagnosis of motor problems by physicians and their recommendation to seek OT services has an essential role in the early launch of OT in children with motor problems.

Background and Aim: Investigating the relationship between sensory processing and behavior in 7 to 10 years old children with attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study 28 children with high functioning autism and 29 normal matched children in the age range of 7- 10 years old were participated. After completing a demographic questionnaire and signing a consent informed Letter by their parents, the children's parents were asked to complete Sensory Profile Questionnaire (SP) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). In order to describe the data obtained from the study, Indicators of central tendency, dispersion and distribution of the scores was used. For data analysis, analysis of variance (MANOVA (using SPSS 16 statistical software was used.Results: Results showed that the difference between the means of two groups in sensory seeking, low endurance /muscle ton, inattention / distractibility, poor sensory registration, fine movement/ perception. oral sensivity and emotional reactivity were significant.Conclusion: according to the values obtained, sensory seeking and sedentary are the most relevant factors to behavioral problems in children with autism.

Background and Aim: Aging is associated with reduction in the complexity of biological systems such as postural control system. Somatosensory system plays an important role in the complexity of the postural control system which its inputs reliability is reduced with age. Therefore, the interventions that improve complexity of postural control system by increasing sensory input can improve balance performance and reduce risk of falling.Materials and Methods: In this study 8 faller older adults with the average age of 66.25 (±3.53) years were selected by simple non-probability sampling method. The complexity of the center of pressure (COP) sway was measured by approximate entropy in medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions in different conditions: using textured insole [with and without textured insole] with open and closed eyes.Results: Textured insole significantly improved medial-lateral approximate entropy values in faller older adults. The post-hoc analysis of medial-lateral approximate entropy of different postural conditions showed the approximate entropy in eyes closed with textured insole condition increased significantly compared with eyes closed without textured insole condition (p=0.004). This parameter also increased significantly (p=0.001) in eyes closed with textured insole condition compared with eyes open without textured insole condition.Conclusion: Since textured insole increased complexity of postural sway, it can be used as an intervention which may reduce the risk of falling in older adults with a history of falling.

Background and Aim: Kinesio tape has been considered as a supplementary treatment method for shoulder impingement syndrome. According to the fact that the acuity of the position sense varies at different joint range of motion, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Kinesio tape in different joint positions on position sense of subjects with shoulder impingement syndrome.Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study which was carried out on 12 subjects with shoulder impingement syndrome, the active joint position sense reconstruction test in the middle and inner range of abduction was applied for measuring the proprioception.90º of shoulder abduction was considered as the baseline of the test. One third of the total range of motion was considered as the first aim angle, the half of the range of motion and available range of motion minus 10º was considered as the second and third aim angle respectively. In this study the Kinesio tape attached on the pectoralis major, the middle fibers of the Trapezius, deltoid and supraspinatus muscles. The repeated measure ANOVA was employed for investigation of the relationship between independent variables.Results: the effect of tape showed significantly meaningfull difference (p=0.01) but the effect of diffent angles had no significant effect on repositioning test errors.Conclusion: Kinesio tape results in proprioception improvement during shoulder abduction range of motion in paitents with shoulder impingement syndrome

Background and Aim: Osteoporosis is a common bone disease among the women which reduces quality of life and lifetime span. The aim of present study was to examine the effect of 12 week weight bearing water aerobic exercise program on the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in 50-70 years old overweight women.Materials and Methods: twenty post-menopausal overweight women with the age of 50-75 years were admitted in this study and randomly assigned to water exercise group (n=10) and control group (n=10) (Both groups had an equal number of people with osteoporosis and without osteoporosis.). The exercises group participated in 12 weeks 60 minutes weight bearing water aerobic exercise program 3 times per week that increased gradually to 90 minute during 12 week. While the control group was asked to do not engaged any physical activity. Bone density for all women was measured before and after the training program.Results: The results showed significant differences between pre-test and post-test of bone density in experimental group (P<0.05) While this difference was not significant for the control group (P>0.05).Conclusion: According to our research, aerobic weight bearing water exercise (running, jumping, walking and aerobic exercise) for 12 weeks will increase the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in 50 to 70 years old overweight women.

Background and Aim: Bilingual populations are divided with respect to age of acquisition and proficiency on two languages. Verbal fluency tasks are sensitive to semantic abilities in normal development, aging and neurological disorders. So the performance of bilinguals and monolinguals is assessed by verbal fluency in lexical level.Materials and Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was done over 30 Persian monolingual and 28 Persian-Kurdish bilingual students by Convenience Sampling. Semantic and letter fluency tasks were used. Subject was asked to name fruit and animal categories in semantic fluency and words that beginning with/f/, /a/, and /s/ letters for letter fluency in one minute. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software.Results: Semantic and letter fluency mean in Kurdish-Persian bilinguals in Kurdish language was significantly different from their Persian language (p˂0.001). While this mean was not significantly different in Persian language among monolinguals and bilinguals. Monolinguals in Persian language were better than bilinguals in Kurdish language in all verbal fluency tasks (p˂0.001).Conclusion: No difference was observed on verbal fluency between bilinguals and monolinguals in Persian language. But, there was significant difference in native language between two groups that the Persian individuals were better than Kurdish individuals in their native language.

Background and Aim: Increasing th usage of soft silicon hydrogel lenses and the usage of this kind of contact lenses as seasonal contact lenses for period of three months in Iran and the fact that this priod is longer than the recommended time the manufacturer determined, we decide to evaluate the effect of three month usage of soft silicon hydrogel contact lenses on microbial contamination.Materials & methods: In this cross sectional study we took fifty samples from the surface of soft silicon hydrogel lenses after three months usage and the microorganisms on their surface was evaluated.Results: Microorganisms grown in medium containing Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus Saprophiticus, Micrococcus, Eshrishio coli, Klebsiella, Proteous, Citrobacter and Corynebacterium diphteriae. Microbial contamination was observed in 48% of cases and 52% were found to have no contamination.Conclusion: Results showed that three month usage of soft silicon hydrogel lens increased the bacterial adhesion and ocular infection risk and this type of contact lenses must be used exactly as long as specified by the manufacturer.

Background and Aim: Occupational therapists may be encountered in their clinical practice with a variety of unethical issues. The aim of this study was to explore unethical issues of occupational therapists practice in adult physical dysfunction field.Materials and Methods: 10 graduated Occupational therapists with at least two years experience were selected by targeted sampling method. Data were gathered by semi-structured interview in private clinics and Occupational therapy clinics.Results: Data analyses showed that unethical practice of occupational therapists in the physical dysfunction field categorized in four categories. These categories include: deviation of the treatment, neglect of clients benefit, disregarding of communication principles and emphasis on financial benefits.Conclusion: The findings of this study show that occupational therapists have various ethical problems related to client’s rights in addition to their clinical practice, that according to the participants in this study, lack of awareness about professional ethics related to the occupational therapy and also lack of comprehensive rules in this field are the major causes of unethical practices that the necessity for further research has raised in this area.

Background and Aim: Sensory defects are common complications of a stroke. It has a major role in the proper activity of daily living. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sensory-Motor Training on Recovery of basic and instrumental activity of daily living in chronic stroke patients.Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental 12 stroke patients (n=6, right hemiparesis, left hemiparesis 6 patients) with a mean time of disease 41.50 months were selected. Patients were trained with sensory-motor exercies for two consecutive weeks and 5 days a week, 90 minutes per session. Before and after the intervention the patients were evaluated by Barthel Index, Instrumental Activity of Daily Living Lawton version, Functional Independence Measure (FIM).Results: The mean Barthel Index scores at pre-and post-test (p=0.007), the mean scores of pre-and post-test with a significance level Lawton version (p=0.003), the mean scores the Functional Independence Measure indicators before and after the test showed significance differnces (p=0.002). No significant difference in the Barthel Index and Lawton version before and after treatment were seen. Also, the mean of the three tests showed a significant improvement.Conclusion: It seems that the sensory motor training could be an effective intervention in the rehabilitation of stroke patients, although further studies with larger sample sizes are needed.

Background and Aim: Impairments of joint proprioception make the joints prone to injury. It has been suggested that stretching exercises can cause changes in properties of the joint receptors, thereby alter the sensibility of the joints proprioceptors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dynamic stretching of muscles surrounding the knee on the knee joint position sense in college football players.Materials and Methods: 30 college football players (mean age, 23.20 ± 1.45years) participated in this study. A 5 min warm up was performed before stretching followed by measuring knee joint position sense in dominant knee as pre-test record. Post test record was performed immediately after dynamic stretching of elected muscles.Results: There was significant difference (p=0.04) in pre- and post-stretch on knee joint position sense. The absolute angular error decreased significantly after the stretching protocol (2.38±1.48 vs.3.11±1.52).Conclusion: A dynamic stretch regimen improved the accuracy of the knee joint position sense in 45˚of flexion in college football players.

Background and Aim: Disorders of executive functions and working memory are considered as the components of the Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Executive functions could be remediated by cognitive rehabilitation exercise. The purpose of the current study is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on executive function of children with ADHD.Material & Methods: The present semi-experimental study, designed with pre-test and post-test of control and experimental group. Thirty children with ADHD were requited in the study and allocated into two control and intervention groups each with 15 individuals randomly. The participants were matched in age, verbal and performance IQ. Intervention group received cognitive rehabilitation in 10 sessions. Intervention groups were assessed with N-Back and stroop tests in the first, the fifth and the last session of intervention. Control group assessed with the same tests in the same time. Data were analyzed with T-test and mixed-design variance analysis using SPSS 20.Results: The result showed that intervention group has higher score in n- back test after receiving cognitive rehabilitation. There was no significant difference in attention between two groups after the intervention.Conclusion: in order to analyze the data the result representing the increased mean of working memory score in intervention group in compare to control group. Although, there was no significant difference in attention between two groups after the intervention. It can be concluded that cognitive rehabilitation leads to improvement of the working memory function in children with ADHD.

Background and Aim: Problem with tolerating Levels of amplified background noise is one of the most complications of people with hearing loss. Acceptable noise level (ANL) test can be used as an accurate and valid test to evaluate the ability of tolerating levels of noise among peoples. The aims of this study were to develop and evaluate the reliability of acceptable noise level test in Persian language.Materials and Methods: After selecting suitable materials for multi talker babble noise and running speech signals, Material were recorded in controlled situation in professional recording studio. The test was conducted twice with one week separation on 66 normal people with mean age of 25±4.Results: Statistical analysis showed the mean Acceptable Noise Level in two repeats had no significant difference (0.05>P). The correlation coefficient between the first and second repeats of (ANL) was r=0.847 (0.001>P) and Inter Class Correlation coefficient between the first and second repeats was 0.920 (0.001>P).Conclusion: Based on the findings, the Persian version of acceptable noise level test had desired reliability in the individual with normal hearing. Implementation simplicity, non-invasive and the low cost are the benefits for the clinical use of this test.

Background and Aim: A review of the neurophysiological studies suggests that dyslexia is the result of a deficit in the magnocellular part of the visual system. Most of the evidence cited in favour of this hypothesis is from contrast sensitivity studies. This study tested the hypothesis that visual processing deficits may be present in dyslexia by comparing the visual contrast sensitivity of dyslexic children and controls.Materials and Methods: contrast thresholds were recorded in 67 children, 26 dyslexic (mean age of 8.76±1.33) and 41 control group (mean age 9.07±1.40). Contrast sensitivity was measured using Freiburg acuity and contrast test (FrACT) version 3.7 at frequency 5cpd in both eyes. The results were then analyzed using SPSS-18.Results: mean contrast threshold of Right eyes in dyslexic group (0.62±0.12) and control group (0.68 ± 0.15), mean contrast threshold of Left eyes in dyslexic group (0.61±0.16) and control group (0.67±0.15) were measured. There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in ight eyes (pvalue: 0.279) and in left eyes (pvalue: 0.124).Conclusion: The present study do not support the hypothesis of magnocellular visual pathway deficit in dyslexia. Our result show that there isn’t relationship between reading ability and contrast sensitivity in dyslexic children.

Background and Aim: Disabilities among patients with brain stroke are great based on brain involvement. All these problems leads to decrease self-esteem, reluctance to walk, depression and mental deterioration. The use of appropriate treatment methods to improve the situation of patients with CVA is essential. The use of appropriate treatment methods to improve the situation control of patients with CVA is essential. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of neurofeedback and Pilates exercises on balance and cognitive disorders in chronic stroke patients.Methods and materials: This study is conducted in 6 patients aged 60 ± 2 which randomly divided into three groups (Pilates, neurofeedback and control). Before the training, the patients were evaluated using the balance Berg and MMSE tests. The first group exercises Pilates for 16 sessions and one hour every other day. Neurofeedback group Received 16 half-hour sessions every other day over o1 and o2 protocols. Control group subjects Received only routine exercises of physiotherapy. During treatment phase, subjects in the fourth and eighth sessions evaluated by the same tests. The post-tests were performed after completion of treatment. To investigate the hypothesis of the study the methods d Cohen and bilateral mixed analysis of variance (within-group and between-group) were used.Results: Results showed that the rate of recovery of balance disorders in Pilates and neurofeedback group against the control group was significant. However, the recovery of cognitive impairment was significant only in Pilates group. Also, the recovery rate of abnormalities in the two groups showed no significant difference.Conclusion: according the results of this study, Pilates and neurofeedback have positive impact on the problems of stroke patients and can be used as a complement method to enhance the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

Background and Aim: one important complication of breast cancer treatment is the reduction in the quality of activity of daily living. The aim of this study was to survey the effect of Complete Decongestive Therapy on the independence of the activity of daily living in women with breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema.Methods and materials: A total of 33 women with lymphedema after breast cancer treatment were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were treated with Complex Decongestive Therapy icluding manual lymphatic drainage, compression garment, remedial exercise and skin care. The patients in the treatment phase were taken 2-3 weeks therapy once per day, 5 days per week. The secondary phase lasted for one month after the ending of primary phase. In this study every patient was evaluated 3 times. For evaluating the activity of daily living KATZ questionnaire was used.Results: Significant increasing in the independence in the activity of daily living (p<0.001) was observed after treatment.Conclusion: The use of Complete Decongestive Therapy can improve the quality of activity of daily living in the patients.

Background and Aim: Historically, the prevailing view about hearing impaired people may focus primarily on their disability, which leads to a sense of inadequacy and failure in these individuals. But recent views about hearing impaired people focuses on positive psychology, mental health issues, and their ability and competence to manage their independent living, which all are linked to the concept of resilience. This study provided an overview of resilience in the hearing impaired.Material and Methods: In order to review the concept of resilience in the hearing impaired patients, we used PubMed, Elsevier, ProQuest and Google scholar database and text books in the field of hearing impairment between years of 1979 to 2013, Using “resilience”, “hearing impairment” and “deaf” as keywords.Results: Resilience is a dynamic process in human development which is interaction with one’s personality and environmental factors. This process is not a fixed feature and can change and be improved. Protective factors of resilience are individual, familial or environmeal which can be used as starting points to design and implement clinical interventions for impaired hearing people and their families.

Background and Aim: The most common knee ligament injuries is the Anterior Aruciate Ligament tear. In addition to the high cost of treatment, damage causes loss of sports participation, creation of secondary damage and mental problems in athletes. Accordingly, prevention of ACL injuries has been given top priority in most Studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ACL intervention programs on improvement of neuromuscular deficiencies and reducing the incidence of ACL injury.Materials and Methods: Searching in specific scientific citations PubMed Medline و Science Direct was carried out for relevant articles with the subject coverage of "Intervention Program", "ACL Injuries", "Neuromuscular Deficiencies" during 1996-2013.Results: Some intervention programs (such as Sportsmetrics, PEP, KIPP, FIFA+11) resulted in a significant reduction in the rate of ACL injuries in both male and female athletes especially in individuals less than 18 ages. The result of landing force was controversial, but most of the studies have reported the reduction in hip and knee moment. Increased knee and hip flexion angles were reported in most studies, Changes and improvements over time in various activities, was different. Most studies were reported the improvement of the lower extremities in coronal plan during jump landing tasks. Improving lower extremity muscle strength following training for the hamstring, quadriceps, hamstrings ratio to the quadriceps and early onset of hamstring activity and decreased onset of quadriceps were reported.Conclusion: Selection of appropriate ACL intervention program according to age, sport, and personal characteristic for improving neuromuscular index (corrected hamstring and quadriceps muscle activation patterns) improvement of the biomechanics of movement (landing softer with increased knee and hip flexion and decreased knee Valgus) improving landing pattern and reduction in ACL injury rates are effective.

Background and Aim: Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare genetic disease that caused by a partial deletion of the long arm of the paternal chromosome 15. The prevalence rate of this syndrome is 1 in 20000-125000. Despite of dietary and pharmaceutical treatments, occupational therapy with comprehensive and holistic approach is the best option for rehabilitation because there are both of physical and mental problems in this syndrome.Case report: In this study, a child with Prader-Willi syndrome was presented who Received occupational therapy services. The patient was a 1 years old child who was introduced to occupational therapy clinic after diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome via special paraclinical evaluations. After receiving 1 year occupational therapy services, his muscle tonus, motor development, balance, and posture were improved.