JOURNAL OF SPORT BIOSCIENCE RESEARCHES
Year:2013 | Volume:3 | Issue:10|Papers Count:9

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks yoga exercises on female students’ body awareness. Methodology: in this semi-experimental type of study 40 female students of Payam-e-Nour University in Shiraz with the age range of 18 to 26 years old were selected randomly as statistical samples. The Participants were divided into two experimental and control groups. The instrument used was Shields’ Body Awareness Questionnaire (1989). The experimental group performed Yoga exercises for 8 weeks including 3 sessions in a week with 60-minute exercises duration for each session. Data was analyzed by using independent samples T-test.Findings: The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in body awareness and its sub-scales except sleep and awakening cycle in experimental groups in comparison with control group after 8 weeks of yoga trainings (p=0.001).Conclusion: The effects of Yoga exercises on body awareness can be attributed to the positive effects of Yoga on body and mind. This result implied improved relationship between mind and body and extra attention that students paid to them because of the sport of yoga.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks training in hypoxia-normobaric or normal condition on serum VEGF, erythropoietin concentration, Fatigue Index (as angiogenesis index) and vo2max and fatigue index. Twenty Four untrained volunteer students participated in this study. Subjects were divided to three homogenous groups due to vo2max, training in hypoxia condition according to 4200m height, training in normobaric condition, and control. Descriptive character and clinical questionnaire are completed; in addition some of the body composition indexes of subjects were measured. Fasting blood sampling was taken the day before training protocol. Then fatigue index and vo2max were measured through Wingate test and gas analyzer respectively. Both experimental groups had the same training protocol (55-75% vo2max progressively, 45 min) except hypoxia group trained at 12% hypoxia. Training protocol were included three sessions per week for eight weeks. Control group did not participate in any exercise. The data were analyzed using independent t test and two way ANOVA (p£0.05). Findings showed that eight weeks training in hypoxia-normobaric condition changed serum VEGF concentration (44% increase) and vo2max (14% increase) significantly in comparison to other groups. In addition eight weeks training on hypoxic condition did not create any changes in fatigue index of groups.Conclusion: aerobic training can improve vo2max and angiogenesis, but training in hypoxia condition can accelerate improvement.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and nutritional knowledge and compare them in male and female students of Islamic Azad University of Mashhad.Methods: In this correlative and comparative study 376 students (188 males and 188 females), were selected randomly from among 215 students participating in general physical education classes (113 of men class and 102 of women class). In this study, the validity and reliability of the questionnaires were reported 0.82 and 0.79 respectively. Gathered data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Student t test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test and Pearson's correlation were used at (p<0.05).Results: no significant relationship was observed between levels of physical activity with their nutritional knowledge in total and female and male students (p>0.05). Significant differences were found between female and male students regarding the level of physical activity (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found between these two groups regarding nutritional knowledge (p>0.05). Significant differences were found among students in different fields of study regarding nutritional knowledge (p<0.05).Conclusion: Education in university provides a lot of opportunities to gain knowledge about sport, nutrition and health. Therefore, it is recommended that nutritional and health courses for students.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different methods of recovery after a maximum activity on blood lactate level and heart rate in women engaging in martial art.Methods: In this semi-experimental research, between 23 of martial art athletes who were participated in national competition 10 young martial art were randomly chosen with a mean age of 23±1.88 years. Subjects after a maximum activity in four different days performed a 12 minute specified cool down: 12 minutes of passive rest. 12 minutes jogging. 12 minutes of static stretching. And 6 minutes of Jogging+6 minute static stretch. Blood lactate and heart rate were measured immediately after activity and at the 6 and 12 minutes of recovery. Analysis of the data was done by using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests.Results: All four recovery programs reduced blood lactate levels and heart rate effectively after a maximum activity. Among the recovery programs of methods 6 minutes Jogging and static stretching caused the most reduction in blood lactate levels and 12 minute static stretching program caused the most reduction in heart rate.Conclusion: The results showed that the time for cooling down should be more than five minutes. Moreover, activities in which their intensity is about 50% maximum heart rate cause the most reduction in blood lactate level.

The aim of this research was reviewing of caffeine supplementation’s effect on fatigue index and blood pressure of aerobic and anaerobic male athletes. The subjects included 32 healthy males between aerobic (n=16, age of 24±2 yrs) and anaerobic (n=16, age of 25±3 yrs) which 7 of them in each group double blind fashion ingested placebo rather than caffeine. First session of RAST test (pretest) accomplished at least 4 hours after meal. One week later, the second session of RAST test (posttest) accomplished so that one hour before test subjects used caffeine or placebo in dose of 6 milligrams per kilograms of body weight as gelatinous capsules. Data analyzing with statistics dependent t test showed that 6 mg/kg caffeine usage on both the aerobic and anaerobic athletes has a significant effect on blood pressure amount after RAST test and also on fatigue index. This is so even that in both groups of aerobic and anaerobic athletes who used caffeine there was not any significant difference between pre-test and post-test. Totally, according to research results it seems that athletes could reduce their tiredness by ingestion of caffeine gelatinous capsules in dose of 6 mg/kg one hour before athletic performance. But, on the other hand, caffeine ingestion can cause blood pressure elevation which athletes might consider these results for benefiting before usage.

Visfatin is a recently discovered adipokine, which is highly expressed in visceral fat. Plasma visfatin concentrations increase with obesity. Physical activity is a good way to lose weight and prevent obesity and the diseases associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks aerobic training (walking in water) on serum visfatin levels and insulin resistance in obese diabetic inactive men. Twenty obese diabetic men with mean age of 55.62 years old and mean body mass index 28.39 kg/m² are volunteered to participate in this study and randomly assigned to two control (n=10) and experimental (n=10) groups. Training was performed in 12 weeks, 3 days per week and 60 minutes per day. Blood samples were taken before and after the exercise protocol. Data was analyzed by paired-samples of t-test using SPSS 18 software. The results showed that visfatin levels (p=0.003) and insulin resistance (p=0.005) in experimental group was significantly decreased. It seems that aerobic training prevents obesity and the diseases associated with obesity. It might also reduce lipid profile, visfatin levels and insulin resistance.

In recent years, sports supplements are common among competitive athletes in most sports. This study investigated the effects of eight weeks of weight training and combined supplementation (carbohydrates -protein-Creatine) on the strength and body composition of male bodybuilders. The subjects were 18 bodybuilders from city of Ahvaz, which according to the inclusion criteria were selected and divided to experimental and placebo groups. Both groups, exercised for eight weeks, three sessions per week. Experimental and placebo groups used combined supplements with of carbohydrates-proteins-creatine and placebo twice per day (first at 8 am on breakfast and second after 15 minutes of weight training in the afternoon with 350 to 400 ml of water), respectively. On the non-exercises days, Consumption of supplements and placebo were down at the same time of breakfast at 8 am and at the same time that exercises finished on the rest days. The results of research showed that after training protocol on the experimental group, the dependent variables of upper and lower body strength and lean body weight have significant changes while no significant changes were observed in fat mass and percent body fat.

Intense interval training as an effective approach for improving fitness can be handled in a short time. Physiological effect of HIIT exercises in futsal, especially those of mentally retarded men may lead to increased aerobic and anaerobic performance, has not been investigated so far. Therefore, this study aimed to find a short-term high intensity interval training (HIIT) on aerobic power of men in futsal ID.Methodology: in this study, 16 subjects with a mean age of 20 to 29 years are volunteered randomly to participate in two groups: training HIIT (n=10) and aerobic training (n=6) groups. Training was including ten sessions and three sessions per week. Workouts include warm-up, the main workout and cool down. Volunteers were given full training and one session on the treadmill running test. Department of aerobic exercise training on treadmill running on the main stage, the HIIT group of general and specific warm-up (circuit training-interval, circle) performed on the main stage on VO2 peak candidates ran on a treadmill. Time to rest for 1 to 3 was to increase the intensity of exercises as following: the first three sessions of %100, the fourth, fifth %110, sixth and seventh sessions of the last three sessions of %120 and %130 of VO2 peak. It includes a 20-minute cool-down exercises, relaxation and stretching of the scale for recovery. The tests were conducted a week before the test protocol and 48-hs after the last training session. T-test and related statistical methods were used for data analysis. Findings: the results showed that HIIT training and aerobic exercise protocol on VO2 peak, vVO2 peak, heart rate VO2 peak, oxygen pulse, distance traveled to reach VO2 peak, and heart rate showed no significant effect.Conclusion: this study generally showed for the first time that in a short period of HIIT training in elite futsal ID there was no significant changes in aerobic fitness.