QURAN AND MEDICINE
Year:2022 | Volume:7 | Issue:2|Papers Count:14

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of transformational management in the organization on the quality of work life of the staff of Shariati Hospital in Tehran. Materials and Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and the design of the study was Pearson correlation and structural equation test. The standard statistical population of this study is all staff of Shariati Hospital in Tehran. The collection tools are Transformational Management Questionnaire (Bass and Olivier) and Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (Walton 1973). Based on Cochran's formula, 234 employees of Shariati Hospital in Tehran were selected as the statistical sample. The reliability and validity of the instruments were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed the acceptable reliability and validity for the instruments. Pearson correlation test and structural equation test were used to analyze the data. Findings: The research findings indicate that transformational management has a positive and significant correlation between work environment with safety and health, growth opportunity and security. Fair and adequate pay, employee rule of law, social affiliation, social cohesion and integration, development of human capabilities and the overall working life environment. In addition, 92% of the variance in quality of working life is explained by the research model. Conclusion: Based on the assumptions of this research, transformational management in the organization is on the quality of working life, on the opportunity for growth and security, on fair and adequate payment, on legalism, on the social dependence of working life, on social integration and cohesion, on the development of capabilities. humane and has an effect on the general atmosphere of working life of the employees of Shariati Hospital in Tehran.

Purpose: A healthy lifestyle plays an essential role in improving the health of society. This study analyzed the scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the field of lifestyle by using scientometric techniques. Materials and Methods: This study is of an applied and which has been done using scientometrics method. All scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the field of lifestyle were extracted from the WOS. VOSviewer, Histcite and excel were used for analysis. Findings: A total of 510 documents were extracted. The scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the field of lifestyle have been growing in recent years. zizi, Kelishadi and Mirmiran have been the most productive Iranian researchers, the most scientific cooperation of Iranian researchers has been with the countries of America, Canada and Australia. Also, Tehran University of Medical Sciences has the largest number of scientific productions and has had the most scientific cooperation with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Isfahan university of Medical Sciences. Also, these scientific productions are categorized in the topic cluster of prevention, high-risk diseases, mental and social health, health promotion and daily activities. Conclusion: The results of this study have shown a clear picture of the scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the subject area of lifestyle. Based on the results of this study, the topics of scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the field of lifestyle were mostly in the field of prevention and health promotion, which shows the importance of the topic of lifestyle and its impact on the health of society.

Purpose: The purpose of religious doubts is to prove the conflict between medical findings and religious teachings. In this context, a book entitled "Criticism of the Qur'an" has been published, in which the author, in part of the second chapter, criticizes the verses of the Holy Qur'an that attribute wisdom to the heart, and citing the wisdom of Nahjal Balagha 105, he claims that because in the past, human beings did not know What is the brain inside the skull? This medical mistake entered the Quran from the environment. This research intends to criticize the claims made. Materials and methods: This research was done by descriptiveanalytical method and relying on library documents. The research method in this study is content analysis. Findings: In the Holy Qur'an, when talking about reasoning and understanding facts by the heart, it does not mean the heart of the flesh. Rather, it means the speaking soul, which can be the origin of human traits and characteristics. Conclusion: Knowing the functioning of the brain was obvious in the past, and the instrumental role of the brain in reasoning and thinking is also mentioned in the narrations. In confirmation of the provisions contained in Hikmat 105, new evidences of the functions of the heart in transmitting certain emotions have been discovered. Also, the speaking soul of a human being is called "heart" when the word of truth affects it and turns it upside down.

Purpose: Today, infertility treatment through artificial insemination is one of the common methods in infertility treatment centers. One of the important issues in this method is the legitimacy of the paternity of the embryo obtained from gamete fertilization. Materials and methods: This article aims to investigate the issue of paternity of a baby resulting from artificial insemination in a jurisprudential way by referring to the verses and narrations in a library style and using jurisprudential sources. Findings: The findings of the research show that because it has been scientifically proven that the origin of the development of the fetus from the father's side is the sperm in the human sperm,And custom and vocabulary also considers the criterion to be the customary attribution of the father to the owner of the sperm, so in expressing that fact, the title of "paternal lineage" is recognized and abstracted. Conclusion: Based on the assumption of marital relationship, contrary to the view of the late Ayatollah Hakim, Abbot's sharia lineage in medical fertility is fixed as the first of the child's sharia rights after birth. This attribution is not only not forbidden by Sharia, but the appearance of some narrations also indicates its authenticity. Therefore, it is not possible to negate birth in this case either,Unless the husband can provide reassuring evidence in the court that the sperm was not his, otherwise, in the case of doubt, taking into account the circumstances, the rule of Farash will apply.

Purpose: Quranic verses and hadiths are used in such a way that the human heart is as healthy and diseased as the body. The word heart is mentioned many times in the Holy Quran. The present study aimed to analyze the concepts related to heart damage from the perspective of the Holy Quran. Materials and Methods: The present study is in the field of qualitative research and has been done by content analysis. Findings: After collecting verses related to the heart and its injuries, the obtained concepts were categorized and collected in a table. Then, according to the meanings of the verses and interpretations of the Holy Quran, the concepts were briefly analyzed and the causes, contexts, signs and symptoms, process, consequences, and strategies for prevention and intervention in heart-related injuries were extracted. In this study, we mentioned 23 concepts related to heart damage that have been extracted from verses. Conclusion: Among the concepts that refer to heart damage in the Qur'an are: Hijab of the heart, sealing the heart, cruelty, etc. Closing the heart, depriving man of the perception of divine knowledge and not benefiting from a correct understanding of man, the world And it connects man and the world. By identifying the types of heart injuries, as well as knowing the causes and contexts, signs and symptoms, process, consequences, and strategies for preventing and intervening in heart-related injuries, one can prevent or treat the disease. Related to the heart, took constructive action.

Even though the development of the immune system begins from the fifth week of the embryonic period, the system is still under development at the birth time. For example, the phagocyte cells functionally develop during the first 6 months of neonatal life. Also, A few mature and effective T cells, as the commander of the immune system, circulate in the tissues, B cells have poor efficiency as antibody-producing cells, and some antibody subclasses are not synthesized up to two years of age. Furthermore, the development and formation of some B cells in marginal zone of the spleen last up to two years of age. These cells play a major role in antibody responses and primary defense against pathogens, particularly those agents entering the body via the blood. On the other hand, the neonate is exposed to many pathogens and infectious diseases until the final formation of the immune system. Breast milk, in addition to its nutritional value, plays an important role in the protection of neonate against microorganisms and contains innate immunity factors including probiotics and antimicrobial peptides, as well as acquired immunity factors including leucocytes and the IgA class antibody, thereby granting the neonate immunity against infectious factors. In the Holy Qur'ā, n, seven verses discuss about the breast milk. In the most well-known verse about breast milk (Verse 233 of Sura al-Baqarah), the phrase "Hawlaini Kā, milaini (in Arabic: ِنیَلوَح ِنیَلِماک)" refers to the full breastfeeding period (maximum useful period) i. e., two whole years. Due to the underdeveloped immune system and the absence of efficient defensive cells during the first two years of neonates’,life, they seem to be susceptible to infectious diseases up to this period. Therefore, breastfeeding, by transferring the mother's immune factors to the neonate, supports the neonate's immune system against infectious agents and diseases. In conclusion, perhaps one of the reasons that the Holy Qur'ā, n recommends complete breastfeeding is due to the neonates’,underdeveloped immune system in this period.

Resurrection and life after death means the return of a person after death to life on the Day of Resurrection. Resurrection is very important in the Islamic religion and many verses of the Holy Quran are about resurrection and its surrounding issues. In the meantime. Mulla Sadra, as the founder of transcendental wisdom and the first philosopher who has been able to pay attention to the proof of physical resurrection by using rational arguments, and emphasizing on his philosophical initiatives and in the shadow of Islam, has outlined the quality of physical resurrection. Mulla Sadra has tried to present a rational and completely innovative analysis of the resurrection, especially the physical resurrection, by relying on his transcendental wisdom and by stating eleven principles, and to prove the harmony between reason and Sharia in this field. After Mulla Sadra, the followers of Hikmat Ta'ala also consider the principle of resurrection to be necessary, and using philosophical arguments and the use of Quranic verses, they have raised the issue of the realization of resurrection and the proof of physical resurrection.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of The Prophet and his infallible family (AS) referral to a physician with regard to their needless referral due to sufficient knowledge with infallibility and avoidance of error and error in everything, including medical knowledge and how to use exposure. They work with the Innocent Doctor as a model for their health lifestyle. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, using narrated sources such as Quran and Hadith, typology and etiology of infallible encounters with physicians have been done. Findings: According to the authorities and virtues and special knowledge of the Prophet and his infallible Ahl al-Bayt (AS), their encounter with a physician is either confirmation of the principle of benefiting from medicine or confirmation of the performance of a particular physician or educational aspect that is technically or religiously to the physician. Or teach people around. Sometimes this teaching is shown as a punishment for the lack of knowledge of human medicine and the fallibility of physicians and the nonindependence of their role in treatment by the Prophet and his infallible family (AS) and sometimes without a negative view of the knowledge of innocent human medicine and only for Showing the dignity of the Prophet and his infallible Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and the superiority of their knowledge over other human beings. Conclusion: The reasons for this encounter are propagating and attracting the doctor to the religion, modeling the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) in referring to the doctor for the benefit of others in life by obtaining the permission to refer to the doctor, fighting against exaggeration by showing the illness of the infallibles (AS), the action of the Imams (AS) is based on appearance and not physical knowledge, except in some cases.

Purpose: Despite proving the benefits of breastfeeding worldwide, a large number of mothers in different countries stop breastfeeding early. The prevalence of the sufficient breastfeeding in most countries is low and unacceptable. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and its relationship with variables, as well as enriching the results with Quranic verses and hadiths was done. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 370 mothers with a six-month-old child. Socio-fertility characteristics of mothers were compared in two groups of exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding. Quranic verses and hadiths related to this topic were also reviewed. Findings: The mean age of the studied mothers was 28/96±,5/32 years. 66. 8% of women had exclusive breastfeeding. According to statistical analysis, the amount of exclusive breastfeeding was related to planned pregnancy (wanted pregnancy) (P. V=0/047) and the type of mother's encouragement and support in breastfeeding (P. V=0. 0001). In verses of the Holy Quran are mentioned to the duration of breastfeeding and the importance of breastfeeding as long as possible, even in critical situations. According to Islamic guidelines, breastfeeding is a value and the breastfeeding mother is rewarded for fighting in the way of God. Conclusion: Considering that breastfeeding is considered a great act of worship in addition to having many benefits, it is necessary to increase its prevalence. It is very appropriate and valuable to include Quranic and religious concepts in the educational content in order to encourage and more adherence of mothers to breastfeeding.

Purpose: Scientometrics is one of the most common tools for evaluating scientific publications. Traditional medicine is expanding day by day in developing countries as well as developed countries, and many researches have been done in the field of traditional medicine. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the scientific publications of Iranian scientists in the field of traditional medicine. Materials and methods: The current research is of applied type and from the category of scientometric studies, which analyzed the scientific outputs of Iranian scientists in the field of traditional medicine. The research community included all the scientific outputs of Iranian scientists in the field of traditional medicine in the Web of Science database from the beginning to 2022. For data analysis, Heistsite, Excel, Babe Excel, and Gefi computing software were used, and for drawing maps, Voswe Oer software was used. Findings: Among the topics, traditional medicine is ranked first with a frequency of 269. Among writers, Kamalinejad is at the top with 56 works. Among the institutions, Tehran University of Medical Sciences ranks first with 302 works. Among the journals, JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY has the most number of works with 73 works. Analysis of subject knowledge map shows the formation of 8 subject clusters. Also, the keyword traditional medicine has the highest frequency. The results obtained in the cooperation of institutions, there are 99 institutions that form seven clusters. In the analysis of countries' cooperation, 31 countries have formed 5 clusters. Iran and America are in cluster 2 and Italy in cluster 4. Also, the amount of cooperation is evenly scattered, but the highest amount of cooperation between Iran and Italy was with 28 ties and America with 26 ties. In the analysis of authors, 141 authors formed 11 clusters. Meanwhile, Kamali Nejad is placed in cluster one with 48 degrees and 37 links. The results obtained from the centrality of the authors indicate that among the authors of traditional medicine, Kamalinejad, Choupani and Haji Mehdipour respectively have the degree centrality, Hosseini, Iranshahi and Salehi have the highest closeness centrality, Kamalinejad, Naseri and Abdulahi also have the highest centrality respectively. They have intermediate centrality. Conclusion: Scientific publications in the field of traditional medicine by Iranian scientists have undergone an upward growth trend in the last two decades and it is expected that this growth trend will continue. In the meantime, traditional medicine has been placed at the top of the subjects and is placed as a connecting subject between other subjects and is the connecting point of many subjects. Also, the studies related to the scientific productions of this field have investigated issues and topics related to traditional medicine. This research aims to provide knowledge while creating a comprehensive perspective for researchers in this field and help them in their research path.

Bearing in mind that from the medical and social point of view, pregnancy is considered a beautiful event in life, and on the contrary, abortion is considered as a social problem in all human societies and is an inevitable global phenomenon that plagues populous countries and threatens the health of the family and society. Abortion faces problems because of the integration of medical, psychological, sociological, moral-philosophical issues, it has gone beyond the mere legal and jurisprudential issue. Unfortunately, people resort to illegal abortion due to cultural and economic poverty, which can have dangerous consequences for the mother, and psychological disorders occur before and after the abortion. The crime of abortion is one of the crimes specific to women. and the reflection of this social problem has been effective on the views of criminologists and lawyers. From the point of view of jurisprudence, abortion before and after the dissolution of the soul is discussed and basically in human societies to preserve the life of the mother due to the role of taking care of other children and taking care of the husband and finally preserving the family members as (the least harm and the absolute preference and emergency) is justified. Today, among the countries of the world, only twenty-six countries, including Britain, Japan, China, France, Russia, and Germany (mostly from 1948 onwards by passing their own laws) consider abortion to be absolutely permissible and legal, and in Australia, abortion is illegal. It is a crime and punishable. Basically, through punishment, no effective action can be taken to prevent or reduce the crime, because this action is mostly done secretly with the consent of the legal parents of the fetus, through doctors or other people, and the crime rate is high.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to provide a model for aesthetic education based on the principles and elements of aesthetics stated in the Holy Quran. Materials and methods: This research has presented a model for aesthetic education based on the Holy Quran by using the analytical-descriptive method and using library and documentary sources. The results of the research show that aesthetic education requires the realization of aesthetic principles and elements that manifest beauty at different levels of human belief, thought, desire and will and provide the necessary conditions for the emergence of true beauty. In the proposed model, the ultimate goal of aesthetic education is to become God-like, God-like, or close to absolute beauty, which leads to the attributes of God Almighty in humans. Findings: The Holy Quran expresses aesthetic principles and principles, some of which are: Beauty is a phenomenon that can be understood and generalized by everyone. Beauty can be separated and inherited. Beauty is absolute and objective. God is the source and origin of beauty. Man is a small version of absolute beauty. Beauty is the goal and perfection of man. Beauty exists and is not just said. The aesthetic elements that are emphasized in the Quran include: balance and proportion, purposefulness and efficiency. Conclusion: After examining the basics and aesthetic elements mentioned in the Holy Quran, the themes and axes of education were determined, and by realizing them, it is possible to bring out the hidden talents of the teacher and guide them towards the final goals.

In the culture of the Holy Qur'an and the traditions of the Infallible (PBUH), Shab al-Qadr is a great night of the year. And the privileges of this night over other nights are due to the things that are determined in this night. This article is based on Sadari (document) and Hadith jurisprudence (textual) analysis of the narrations related to the characteristics and characteristics of the Night of Destiny in Shia sources. These narrations are divided into two thematic categories,The first category is the characteristics that are related to the doing of spiritual wisdom by the angels in this night,And in the second category of narrations, there are characteristics that are related to the material and external affairs of Shab Qadr. The research method in this article was library in terms of collection and ijtihad in terms of analysis. In the transmission analysis, according to the priority of the century and the chronological order of transmission of the narrations in the first edition of each, the validation of these narrations as authentic sources, in terms of the connection of the document and the authenticity of the narrators, was discussed. During the research, it was determined that out of 18 narrations, 4 narrations are Sahih Al-Sinad, 2 are authentic and the rest are weak. And in the analysis of hadith jurisprudence, the description of the content of hadiths is taken into consideration. The summary of these narrations is that Lailat al-Qadr was the night of the revelation of the Holy Quran, the night of determining the affairs and planning of the year and its responsibility by the Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH), the night of the angels descending upon the ruler and the night of being safe and healthy until dawn. And this night, repeated every year, is counted as the beginning and end of the year and the beginning of creation and has exclusive signs.

"Gender" is one of the influential factors in the issue of delinquency. Women commit crimes for different reasons than men. The right to health, as one of the human rights, has different dimensions, including mental health and the absence of mental and emotional problems. Criminal women, as one of the most vulnerable human groups, have this right, and the criminal justice system, which aims to rehabilitate this group, must pay attention to it. The present article is written with a descriptive-analytical method in order to answer the question whether the appropriate methods for the rehabilitation of female criminals have been considered in Iran's jurisprudential and legal system. It examines the relationship between gender in rehabilitation in Iran and explains the situation of female criminals and the necessity of rehabilitation for this group. In the criminal policy of the legal system of Iran and Islam, according to the sex of the criminal, there are differences in the amount of ransom, in some types of limits and the way of implementing the maximum punishments. In the criminal law of Iran, there is no special provision regarding the rehabilitation of female criminals. Therefore, according to the principles of rehabilitation, it is necessary to formulate and implement laws and programs that are appropriate to the characteristics and needs of women. Laws related to rehabilitation are few and general and are formulated according to the needs of male criminals and rehabilitation programs target the population of criminals in general. According to the current situation, it is necessary to take into account the health and needs of female criminals in the formulation of criminal and non-criminal laws and to devise and implement rehabilitation programs and to witness gender accountability to reduce the population of female criminals and reform them and return them to society. In Islamic law, the problem of rehabilitating and providing the society with the danger of delinquency and reforming and educating criminals is not far away. The purpose of providing and training measures which is to reform and educate and rehabilitate the criminal and to follow up on the repetition of the crime has always been emphasized and desired by Sharia law. It is important to identify the mental and psychological problems of female criminals and then take measures to reduce their effects through rehabilitation. In addition, paying attention to the right to mental health based on the human rights strategy is considered necessary in the framework of the criminal policy of women criminals.