JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND CARE
Year:2015 | Volume:17 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

Background & objectives: The one-third of human’s lifetime is passed through sleeping Success and well-being of them is related to their sleep quality. The aim of this study was to assess the sleep quality and its related variables among students of the University of Mohaghegh-e-Ardabili.Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 400 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling to fill the researcher-made demographic questionaire and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed by T-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation Coefficient test.Results: Results showed the average bedtime of students was 00: 26 AM; awakeness time was 07: 49 AM and awakeness before sleep was 26 minute; and duration of actual sleep was 6 hours and 51 minutes. Total index of sleep quality (6.24) was higher than normal rate (>5) that indicates a sleep disorder in 214 (53.5%) of the students. There was no difference in index of sleep quality of students based on their gender; but students residing in dormitory had lower sleep quality than who lived at home (p<0.01). Sleep quality of students have positive relationship with bedtime, and awakeness before sleep, and negative relationship with duration of actual sleep, and academic performance (p<0.01).Conclusion: Poor sleep quality in the majority of students suggests the necessity of an especial attention of family and health proffesionals to prevention of adverse effects of low sleep quality and promotion of students’ biopsychosocial health.

Background & objectives: Optimum mental health status of students in the university ables them to deal effectively with numerous stressors that they experience; especially in students of medical sciences. Social anxiety can disturb academic performance, weaken their intellectual abilities and threaten their mental health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social anxiety and some demographic variables in undergraduate nursing students of Medical Universities in Tehran.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 400 nursing students of medical universities in Tehran were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected during the first semester in 2010. Students completed two-part questionnaire including Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and demographic form. Using descriptive statistics of frequency, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics of one way ANOVA, t-test and Scheffe determination tests data were analyzed in SPSS v.16.Results: Social anxiety was statistically related with students’ work experience (p=0.02) and schools they were educating (p=0.01). There was no statistically significant relationship between social anxiety and gender, semester, total mean grade, accommodation place, marital and economic status.Conclusion: According to the significant relationship between social anxiety and the students’ work experience and the schools they were educating; it seems an educational system is required to improve the coping skills, mental health and also providing facilitations; and encouraging the students to work during academic period can able them to influence and control the level of social anxiety.

Background & objectives: According to the effect of attitude on God's in various aspects of human health, this study was done to predict the general health based on the positive and negative image of God among university students.Methods: One hundred and nine hundred students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences were selected by multistage random sampling. The data were collected by using Image of God questionnaire (RSI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple Regression and T-test in SPSS v.17.Results: There was positive association between general health and positive image of God (r=0.55, p<0.001) and negative association with negative image of God (r=-0.59, p<0.001).The results of regression analysis also showed that 43% of the variance in general health is determined by image of God (p<0.001). Also, there was significant difference between male and female students in the image of God (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between them in general health.Conclusion: According to the findings, we can conclude that students’ notion of God plays an important role in forming their general health. Therefore, improving the positive image of God through formal education and extracurricular programs with religious grounds is recommended to promote mental health status of university students.

Background & objectives: Mastectomy is one of the main treatments for breast cancer that may stimulate a lot of psychological distresses in women’s life. It may affect the level of hope among women. This study was conducted with the aim of assessing correlation between hope and mental health after mastectomy in patients with breast cancer.Methods: This is a descriptive-correlational study that one hundred patients with breast cancer after mastectomy referred to Seyed-Al-Shohada hospital of Isfahan in 2013 were selected by the convenient sampling method. Data gathering tool were SCL-25 mental health and Herth Hope Index and data were analyzed by SPSS-17.Results: According to the results, 49% of the subjects had high hope and among the dimensions of the mental health, depressive dimension owned the highest average of score (3.05±1.72). Based on the Spearman correlation coefficient test, there was a direct linear correlation between hope and mental health (p<0.001, ¡s=0.565).Conclusion: Because of positive relationship between hope and mental health; adopting the counseling psychology as the major priority in health centers should be considered by health officials and managers will play a key role to decrease mental health problems in mastectomy survivors.

Background & objectives: This study aimed to compare optimism/pessimism and selfefficacy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and normal people in Imam Khomeini hospital of Mahabad, Iran.Methods: This is a case-control study that was conducted during winter 2014 and spring 2015. The population of the study consisted of all patients with MS referred to Imam Khomeini hospital. Fifty five patients with MS were selected by convenient sampling method for the case group and were matched with 75 clients as the control group. The two groups were matched for variables including age, gender and education level. The data were gathered by General Self Efficacy Scale and Life Orientation Test-Revised. The data were analyzed by SPSS-19, and U Mann-Whitney and Spearman's correlation coefficient tests were used.Results: The findings showed that patients with MS were reported less optimism score and less self efficacy and perseverance subscale compared to normal people (p<0.01). There was no statistical difference between patients with MS and normal people in effort and initiative subscales. There were positive correlation between optimism and self efficacy dimensions (effort, perseverance, initiative) in patients with MS (p<0.01).Conclusions: According to this study, the patients with MS were reported low optimism and self-efficacy in comparison to the normal subjects. Finally, we recommend planning cares to decrease mood problems and increasing feelings of self-efficacy to improve mental health status in patients with MS.

Background & objectives: Relationship with God can play an important role in improving mental health and reducing stress of negative life events in the elderly. The study aimed to predict the relationship with God based on life events, spiritual intelligence, and Life line drawing.Methods: A descriptive- correlational study design was used to conduct this study. The study population included all elderly aged 60 years and above who were living in the city of Hamadan, Iran. Two hundreds elders were selected as a sample using multistage cluster sampling method. The Questionnaires of relationship with God, the life events, spiritual intelligence and the Life line drawing technique were used to collect the data. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical regression tests were used.Results: The results showed that there was a significant and inverse correlation between the life events and relationship with God (p<0.05). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the relationship with God and spiritual intelligence and relationship with God and the life line drawing (p<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the spiritual intelligence, life events, and life line drawing predicted 45%, 31%, and 28% of relationship with God respectively.Conclusion: The relationship with God had a significant impact on reducing the mental stress of negative and stressful life events in the elderly. It was also an important factor in increasing the spiritual intelligence and determining the more pleasant life line drawing of this group of people.

Background & objectives: Domestic violence is a major cause of serious threat to the health and rights of women in the world. The modifiable risk factors in low and middle income countries are less well known. The present study was undertaken to determine the predisposing factors of domestic violence against women by identifying at risk women and taking steps to reduce violence.Methods: A descriptive and comparative design was used to conduct the study. The study sample consisted of 110 women (n=55 per group) referring to health centers and family courts in Rasht, Iran from 27 July to 10 January, 2013 that selected by convenience sampling method. Study tool retrieved from World Health Organization questionnaire includes the areas of domestic violence, physical violence, psychological and sexual abuse by a 34 questions which uses Likert scoring to rate the level of experienced violence. Through SPSS v.18, descriptive statistics, Man-witney, chi square and t-test were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed a significant relationship between husband's job (p<0.04), housing conditions (p<0.03) and husband's education (p<0.02) with violence on women, as unemployment and low rental housing and education in the abused group was significantly higher than the group without violence.Conclusion: Because factors such as unemployment, low education levels and lack of housing can rise the prevalence of domestic violence among women, the need to train women to identify factors contributing to domestic violence against women in the family and dating their familiarity with the strategies and methods to reduce violence and seek help from support centers more than ever felt.

Background & objectives: Nowadays, organizations are spending heavy cost for the lack of staffs commitment. Therefore, increasing the ability of organizations to provide the proper context, it will lead to benefits such as increased organizational commitment. Thus this study investigated the relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment in nurses working in Taleghani and vali-e-asr hospitals of Abadan and Khorramshahr.Methods: This study was a descriptive and correlational study. Sampling was done with consensus method. The tools of data gathering consisted of demographic characteristics form, Spritzer empowerment and Allen and Meyer s organizational commitment questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSSv.16 using linear regression test.Results: The mean and standard deviation of organizational empowerment was 66.15±10.58, which was above average, and organizational commitment was 55.42±11.29 which lower than average. There was a significant relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the positive relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment, we recommend using encouraging ways to enhance the motivation and organizational commitment among nurses.