RESEARCH ON EDUCATIONAL SPORT
Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:15 |Papers Count:15

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of observational learning on Students’ promoting metacognitive behavior in soccer chip task. Forty-two students, aged 11-13 years old, in region 2th of Tehran, participated in this study. They were divided in 3 groups (control group, observation of skilled model group, and observation of skilled model with metacognitive activities group). An experimental intervention study in soccer chip task was conducted with pre-and post-tests. Metacognition was assessed pre and post-intervention using metacognitive process in physical education questionnaire. Paired sample t-test analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between pre-test and post-test in groups. The results of ANOVA & Bonferroni test showed that in addition to being metacognitive strategies are an effective way to improve metacognitive behavior, observational learning also is an effective way to improve it, in physical education classes.

The aim of this research was explaining and comparing the coach's performance in university sport teams in Iran. Sample encompassed four groups associated with coaches’ performance, including 324 athletes, 99 coaches, 41 managers and 79 supervisors, (total = 543) presented in the 12th National intercollegiate competitions, held 2014 in Iran. The data collection method was library research, interview and researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. For data analysis was utilized exploratory factor analysis by SPSS software and used AMOS software for designing model. In order to the criteria, a group of experts (N=8) prioritize coaches' performance criteria by decision-making technique of AHP. Eight dimensions including communication skills, technical knowledge, management skills, role model, program success, supporting the student-athlete model, recruiting new athletes, and financial skills were deducted by using exploratory factor analysis method. The research model was designed and fitted. we recommended to collegiate sports managers to apply this model for assessment of coaches' performance.

The present study was designed based on aim of the effect of teacher-centered, moderate, and student-centered teaching styles of teachers on the sport goal orientation (task and ego orientation) of students in physical education. In a quasi-experimental research of pre-, post-, and pursue-test, sixty and six fifth grade school boy students and three similar physical education teachers of Kallaleh schools were randomly assigned to the three teaching styles groups of teacher-centered (n= 21), moderate (n= 23), and student-centered (n=22). During three stages of beginning, week 5, and week 10, students of each group responded to goal orientation questionnaire (Cuming et al, 2008). Repeated measure analysis results showed that task and ego orientation a significantly decreased among students educated with teacher-centered teaching style. In contrast, students who had been given student-cantered teaching style education from their physical education teacher increased significantly in ego orientation while task orientation decreased after ten weeks. Changes in the mechanism of goal orientation is different in various sport settings (club vs. school), individual types (professional vs. amateur), and other substantial factors. The research findings clearly showed that the moderate teaching style is the best teaching style for sport goal orientation of students during physical education classes.

Sports, recreation and healthy body and mind refreshing grants, the principles are essential in the lives of human beings. Since Islam is a religion of nature is the desire to be recognized and it has confirmed and strengthened, but this concept and its various manifestations in the form of a scientific model is not provided. Whereas sport is one of the things that the topics raised in the world and in many ways it's a lot to deal. The study was patterned after the Qur'an as a guide to practical life, sports fields and strengthen the verse of the Quran's strength. The aim of this study examines three basic questions of why, what and how of Physical Education and reinforce the strength of the Qur'an and the valves provide a comprehensive approach in the field. This research is a fundamental study of descriptive-exploratory, to investigate the pattern of physical education and reinforce the strength of content analysis was used. To collect and identify issues related to the theoretical foundations of experts were the first sports, the full study the Quran, related themes were extracted and coded. The results showed that this model has three dominant theme, 7 overarching themes, 18 themed organizers and 50 basic attributes. The relationship between these themes are presented in the form of a pattern. According to the results of the research, it is suggested that the managers of sports organizations be considered Merit and expertise.

The purpose of this research was the relationship between information literacy with entrepreneurial capabilities of Physical Education Graduated students of Tehran Universities. The Statistical population were all of the Physical Education graduated students of Tehran Universities (N=1100). According to Morgan table, 270 people were chosen with sampling stratified random method. Information literacy standard questionnaire (2003) and Durham entrepreneurial capabilities standard questionnaire (1991) were used to collect data. The results showed there was significant relationship between information literacy with entrepreneurial capabilities of Physical Education Graduated students of Tehran Universities. Also, based on regression analysis, there were significant relationships between components of the information literacy and entrepreneurial capabilities and information literacy can predict entrepreneurial capabilities. In addition, the two components of "the ability to effective access to information" and "the ability to use targeted information" had the most ability to significant prediction for entrepreneurship capability of sport sciences graduated students in Tehran universities. Considering the effective role of "the ability to use targeted information" in predicting of student entrepreneurship capacity, it is necessary that universities to provide specialized information related to entrepreneurship and employment to students interested in sport entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this study designing a sports sacred construction in athletic students. The sample is sufficient to model and hypothesis testing (150) of the Eleventh Olympiad sports were classified random sampling survey. The research instrument was a questionnaire made on the basis of theoretical study and interviews (teachers and professors), respectively. The validity of the instrument using the experts (content), Cronbach's alpha (reliability) and reliability factor (fit) was confirmed. To analyze the findings of structural equation modeling (software PLS) was used). The results showed that spirituality and prayer as much as 44 percent of change and moral obligation to directly explain. On the other hand 0. 81 and 0. 456 are two factors suggest that spirituality and prayer variable indirectly through the mediating variable disposition and sense of commitment and ethics affects 37% of the variable. According to identify and explain the structure and the commitment and moral consequences are expected in the development of sports culture; Athletes can say that the spiritual context of character and a sense of individual and institutional commitment and ethics in sport athletic Process factor in them.

The present study has been done with the aim of pathology of physical education and Sports in elementary schools of Khuzestan province. In This research, that was done in a mixed method, the researchers were referred to experts in the field of Sports Students in Khuzestan and began to collect information from them through in-depth interviews. Then coded and analyzed data from 25 interviews using grounded theory. Then a questionnaire was designed based on received codes. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by Delphi technique by a number of professors and experts and confirmed its reliability with Cronbach's alpha(α =0. 80). According to the research community and Morgan table, by proportional stratified random sampling, were distributed questionnaires among the 280 physical education teachers, physical education experts from the education departments and physical education professors in Khuzestan. Data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS software. According to findings, organizational, personal and background factors were the most damaged in the field Physical Education and School Sports. Among the subcategories of all three levels, the physical education teacher (organizational level) had the most damage and the environment (background level) had the least damage. Given that organizational-level damages has had the greatest impact on the development of Physical Education and School Sports, it is therefore necessary to review the Ministry of Education in planning, allocating resources and equipping schools. At the individual level, education to families and at the background level, promoting the culture of the tendency toward sport for all is a necessary and useful actions.

The propose of this study was Designing of affective factors of knowledge Maturity in employees of Physical Education and Health Department uses the FCM model. The research method is a survey and its target is applicable. The face validity of the Questionnaire is verified by some of management professionals. For this purpose, a review of previous studies and also of expert's comment, we identified 17 variables that influence in knowledge Maturity. Then, variables for weighting was provided to experts through a questionnaire, and these 10 variables was extracted in the form of a Fuzzy questionnaire for weighting was of the 15 Members of the focus group. Results show that variables; Creativity, education, motivation, experience, leadership, organizational culture, organizational structure, organizational strategies, information management and organizational communications, and human resources management as the main factors affecting the maturity of knowledge have been identified.

The evaluation and ranking of the participating universities in Olympiad games is done based on the total points gained by them. However, it should be taken into account that achieving the competition outcomes (total points gained in the competition) is only possible in the context of exploiting inputs and using proper processes. Therefore, using one of the nonparametric methods of operations research, called Data Envelopment Analysis, this study tries to evaluate the performance of universities sports teams of boys and girls participating in the thirteenth Iranian National Cultural-Sport Olympiad. The results of the model for evaluating the performance of the boys' sports teams showed that among the 24 universities participating in the Olympiad, 10 universities obtained the maximum efficiency from this model. In addition, the performance evaluation of the girls' sports teams demonstrated that among the 23 universities participating in the Olympiad, 8 universities obtained the maximum efficiency from this model. Finally, the ranking based on the DEA model indicated that Ferdowsi University of Mashhad was ranked first in the boys group and Kowsar University of Bojnourd was ranked first in in the girls group, while Kowsar University of Bojnurd was ranked eleventh based on the obtained medals. This huge difference was due to the optimal use of the limited resources of this university to gain medals. Thus, in order to evaluate the performance of sports teams of universities, in addition to considering their rankings based on the total points obtained, it is essential to consider the inputs of universities, so that fewer inputs along with more outputs should also enter the evaluation model in order to have accurate, principled, and purposeful evaluation of sports teams of universities.

Nowadays, the phenomenon of counterfeiting introduce as a huge economic, social and political issue in all around the world. Accordingly, aiming of the present study was to investigate the impacts of moral awareness, emotions and Intensity on the intention to buy counterfeit brands of sport apparel. Present study was done in descriptive correlative approach. Students of Physical Education in the University of Kurdistan were chosen as statistical sample by census approach (N=200). The findings showed that the moral awareness variable had a significant relationship with moral judgment (0. 59), moral emotions (0. 58) and Moral Intensity (0. 90) had a significant relationship. There is also a significant relationship between moral emotions with moral judgments and Moral Intensity with moral judgment on the purchase intention and the proposed model has an appropriate fitness. It is possible to promote the level of moral emotions and Moral Intensity of the consumers by planning campaigns and programs for raising the moral awareness of the consumers via expressing the consequences and aftereffects of purchasing and consuming counterfeit brands of sport apparels. Therefore, they can have a better moral judgment which lead to reduce intentions to purchase counterfeit sport apparel.

Sports and sporting events in today's world have become an important part of everyday life. People's sport participation is influenced by various factors, including the sport socialization, structural and social factors. Therefore, the present study uses a symbolic interaction approach to explore the sociological study of the process of sports participation. In this regard, using the quantitative method and Socialization of Sport, athletic identity, sport commitment, social-structural constraints and sports participation scales, a sample of 574 athletes in the city of Rasht, the hypothesis were tested using structural equation model. The results indicate that the athletes' sport participation process in the first place generally began with sport socialization and the amount of sport support received, In the next step, athletes’ athletic identity and sport commitment are formed with continued participation in sports. Furthermore, the structural and social pressures play a decisive role in the sport socialization, athletic identity, sport commitment and sport participation of athletes. In general, as the findings of this study showed, sports participation is socially constructed and sustained by structural-social factors.

The purpose of the present research was identifying and prioritizing effective groups in the institutionalization of sport for all in Iran. The research method was exploratory mixed method that was conducted in two phases of qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of this study in the qualitative section was all individuals who have had experience in the field of sport for all and institutionalization that 15 persons interviewed to reach theoretical saturation by purposive sampling and in the format of Snowball Sampling method. In the quantitative section statistical population was composed of all managers and experts responsible for sport for all that subjects were selected by the census method (306 people). In the qualitative section semi-structured interview and in the quantitative section questionnaire were research tools. The validity of Interviews and questionnaire were investigated by professors and experts and reliability of interviews through a retest (%83) and questionnaire’ s reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0. 91) was calculated. In the qualitative section open coding, axial coding and selective coding for analysis research data were used. In the quantitative section also kalmogorov smiranov test and first order confirmatory factor analysis for prioritizing effective groups in the institutionalization of sport for all in Iran were used. The research results in the qualitative and quantitative section revealed seven groups in order of preference include school, mass media, reference groups, family, government, religious institutions and friends and peers affect in the institutionalization of sport for all in Iran. Hence, helping to perform the basic roles of each of the above groups in institutionalization of sport for all in the country should be put on the agenda of the authorities with proper policy, planning and organization.

This study aimed to investigate the familiarity of physical education teachers with sports laws in Isfahan. This was applied descriptive-survey study. The population consisted of all physical education teachers in Isfahan (N=1740). Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated to be 407 subjects. Using random stratified sampling method, the subjects were selected. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for collecting the data; this questionnaire was made based on theoretical foundations and valid sources in sports laws field. The face and content validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by specialists and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’ s alpha test = α ) 0. 84). The data were analyzed using one-sample t-test and Friedman test. The findings indicated that the physical education teachers' knowledge of sports law components including obligation and duty, sports equipment standards, and goals and mission of education in schools was above average (μ >3), of rights and privileges of education and organizational responsibilities of manager was moderate (μ =3), and of rules and regulations was lower than average (μ ≥ 3). Considering high average of physical education teachers’ familiarity with sports laws and its components, except familiarity with rules and regulations, it was recommended that the in-service training courses to be hold for teachers as soon as new laws and regulations were formulated to promote regulation knowledge of sports teachers. As soon as certain research findings were received on pathology of sports events, also, the teachers and administrators should immediately be informed.

The aim of this study was to Understanding the process of formation of social marketing for the development of sport for all. This study was qualitative research that has been done with using of grounded theory. Statistical population included of executive and academic experts in the field of sport and marketing that after interviewing with 13 people from the community, this study reached theoretical saturation. Result of this interviews, open coding process (the Code), axial (with causal, strategies, confounding factors background conditions and consequences) and selective (course story) was done. In this research causal conditions affecting of social marketing was perspective and approach to the sport, acute social problems caused by the lack of attention to the development of sports, the importance of sports in sustainable development, lack of exercise due modern technology inapplicability the of the used sport for all. Condition background affecting to strategies was demographic characteristics, attitudes and family approach to sports, environmental impact, self-efficacy and psychological empowerment, society situation. The strategy research includes six p elements of the marketing mix (price, product, place, promotion, people, and physical evidence) endorsement, segmentation, targeting and positioning and lubrication interaction or networking were identified. Interfering factors, including human resource empowerment, infrastructure issues of sports, external misalignment and planning problems identified in sport and the consequences include the social consequences of changing attitudes and behavior of the individual. Therefore, organizations related to sport for all, can set a more accurate planning regarding to Identify concepts to develop sport for all.

The present study was done to construction and validation of sport status for drug abuse prevention questionnaire. To do this, 200 student aged 18-32 were assessed by research product questionnaire based on research literature and handbook of using sport for drug abuse prevention, United Nations office for drug control and crime prevention, published by United Nations organization. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’ s alpha and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results showed that social, sportive, family and individual factors were preferred as addiction prevention factors from student viewpoint, respectively. Also, exploratory factor analysis supported factorial capacity of questionnaire items of sport status in drug abuse prevention in two factors including Socio-Sportive and Individual-Sportive. The results of indexes including CFI (0. 93), NNFI (0. 92) IFI (0. 93), PNFI (0. 81) and RMSEA (0. 07) showed that in this questionnaire two factors of social sportive 12 items and individual sportive 16 items suitably confirmed. Internal consistency and internal stability of questionnaire were confirmed. Also, Sport for drug abuse prevention questionnaire had acceptable validity and reliability from student viewpoint. Constructed questionnaire could be used in the field of investigation of same group’ s point of view in about sport status in the prevention of addiction.