Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry
Year:2017 | Volume:4 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: Being bilingual from the beginning of life affects cognitive functions including working memory and inhibitory functions of the frontal lobe. purpose: Thus, the aim of this study is to compare verbal working memory and inhibitory function of frontal lobe in the young bilingual and monolingual.Methods: The method of research was causal-comparative. The Sample of this study included female college students who was bilingual (Azeri language- Persian language) and monolingual (Persian language) at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University during 2014- 2015.For this purpose, 30 female bilingual students and 30 female monolingual students from whom were selected by convenience sampling method. Computerized test was used for collecting data to measure in this study. To measure the inhibitory function of the frontal lobe we have used the Stroop task, and computer software was used to measure working memory task from laboratory cognitive psychology. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software. Descriptive statistics and data were analyzed by using t student.Results: The results showed that verbal working memory performance in young bilinguals and monolinguals was not significantly different (p<0.05). And Inhibitory frontal lobe function in young bilinguals and monolinguals was significantly different (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on these Results, we can conclude that Bilingualism does not increase verbal working memory performance. On the other hand, bilingualism enhances the performance of bilingual people in the inhibitory function of frontal lobe; in fact, bilinguals perform duties related to executive function inhibition better than monolinguals.

Introduction: Coaching is one of the most pamphlet troubled, attractive and difficult jobs in the world. Aware of the characteristics, abilities, leadership behaviors, social and emotional competencies of trainers and coaches, especially football school coaches, are the effective factors of teachers and their ability to affect the performance.Objective: The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and self-coaching sports and fitness perfectionism football schools in Kurdistan province.Methodology: The research is descriptive and analytical. Sample included all soccer school coaches Kurdistan was in 1394. According to the survey identified and limited (45 patients) were all numbers for sampling were used. To collect the data, the scale of emotional intelligence in sports (Lan et al., 2009), Self-Coaching (Fyltz et al., 1999) and perfectionism Dunn and colleagues (2006) were used. The following descriptive statistics to describe the variables and then test statistics and Kolmogorov - Smirnov test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression on the p£0.05 were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The results showed emotional intelligence in fitness with self-coaching and sport perfectionism associated components (p£0.01). Emotional intelligence also forecast that coaches are coaches for efficacy and perfectionism (p£0.05).Conclusion: It turned out mentors that have a higher emotional intelligence the self-coaching and perfectionism have more, and can be emotional intelligence as a variable transition effects, especially in the field of coaching football school coaches named.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between family function and identity styles of female high school students in Karaj.Methods: Thus, 300 girl students of Karaj city have been collected trough cluster random sampling method. In order to collect information in this research, Berzonsky identity style inventory (ISI) and Bloom family functioning scale (FFS) have been used.Results: The results show that there is significant positive relationship between family function and identity style. The results of regression analysis particularly highlight that 10% of the students’ informational identity can be predicted and affected by family functions.Family functioning to predict informational style is significant in three subscales, namely organizing, cultural trends, and tendencies of taste and entertainment.Conclusion: The results shown that there is relationship between identity styles in high school female students in Karaj and family function.

Introduction: Social intelligence and physician empathy with patients are considered two effective factors in the quality of medical services. These variables are influenced by culture and have various manifestations in different cultures. Considering them is effective in providing appropriate communication between physician and patient.Aim: This study aimed to compare the social intelligence and physician empathy towards patients of the medical students from Iran and the United Kingdom to investigate the potential relationship between these two variables.Methodology: The population was consisted of medical students from medical universities in 3 cities: Tehran (Iran), London and Sheffield (England).The sample consisted of 182 students from two countries (88 Iranian, 94 English) which were selected by convenience sampling method. Data was collected by Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (2001), Jefferson scale of physician empathy- Health provider student revised version (2001) and researcher made demographic questionnaire. To analyze the data, t-test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used.Results: results show that there is a significant positive correlation between social intelligence and empathy of medical students (R=0.37, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis also showed that the two subscales of social intelligence including social awareness and social skills in Iranian students were higher than in English students. But in the social information processing component there is no difference between two groups. The compassionate care and Standing in the Patient’s Shoes are two components of empathy which were higher in Iranian students rather than in English students. But there is no difference between the two groups in another subscale of empathy called perspective taking.Conclusion: The result of this study reveals the importance of cultural differences on personality factors such as the social intelligence and the physician ability to empathize with patients.

Introduction: Social anxiety is regarded as a debilitating disorder So that it can disturbs many aspects of human life.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the Neuro-feedback and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Social Anxiety Disorder.Method: The research design was Qousi-experimental with pre-test, post-test with two groups. In this study, research population was all of students at Payam Noor University. The method of sampling was accessible. By means of sampling, 20 students were chosen as research sample and randomly divided into 10 groups of neuro-feedback and Mindfulness.The instrument of the study was Libowitz social phobia and MMPI inventory. The Statistical method was Co-variance analysis and dependent t-test. The data was analyzed by co-variance analysis and pair t-test.Results: The result shows that there is significant relationship (p≤0.05) between neuro feedback and Mindfulness on social anxiety. Statistical analysis indicates that there is no significant relationship (p≥0.05) between neuro-feedback remedy and Mindfulness based stress reduction in reducing the anxiety symptoms.Conclusion: since the neuro-feedback can cause the anxiety reduction so neuro feed and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction can be used as modern methods in psychology that emphasis on biological basis for healing the Anxiety disorder.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, depression is one of the most common psychological problems. Many cognitive factors play a role in vulnerability to depression, one of the factors that has attracted the attention of many researchers, is autobiographical memory. Autobiographical memory is a personal representation of a person from his past.Object: Over generalization in autobiographical memories is one of the cognitive problems that depressed people are facing and makes continuation and recurrence of symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the autobiographical memory.Method: The research design was quasi-experimental, pretest and posttest with control group. From universities of Tehran were randomly selected three universities. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 patients were selected and randomly divided into control (2 people dropped) and experimental groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 2 hours of group intervention. Tools used in this research include Beck Depression Inventory and the autobiographical memory test. Data from the study were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.Results: The results of data analysis showed that specification scores of autobiographical memory had increased and reaction time was significantly increased in experimental group.Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, theoretical explanations and relevant research, acceptance and commitment group therapy as an effective treatment for autobiographical memory in depressed patients is recommended.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group training problem solving skills in order to decrease depression and bullied-victimized among male students in third grade guidance school.Method: 20 students were selected on simple random sampling from among students of third grade guidance school in ministry of education. Those were tested through the B.V.S and B.D.I scales for participate in problem solving skills training and divided into two groups (control, experimental) randomly. Problem solving skills training were administrated to the experimental group in eight 60 minutes sessions. The control group did not receive any training. All two groups completed the study’s scales after the training. Bully Victimization Scale (BVS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), were used. Data were analyzed using covariance test (pre test- post test with control group).Results: the results of co-variance test in post test assessment showed significant difference between the variables in the two groups.Discussion and Conclusion: problem solving skills training is effective in order to decrease depression and bullied-victimized among students.

Aim: This study utilised a multiple case study design, grounded in self-determination theory, which examined changes in motivation and psychological courage throughout an 8-week quality of life coaching intervention.Method: Eight nonclinical adults participated in six one-hour tele-coaching sessions. Sources of data included a pre-assessment survey, a pre-post questionnaire, field notes, and postsession interview transcriptions. The coaching process included six telephone sessions, use of the profile reports, and HeartMath resources.Result: The qualitative cross-case analysis describes how integrative life coaching supported participants' expression of psychological courage and facilitated shifts toward autonomous motivation.Conclusion: the study described how a coaching intervention, grounded in self-determination theory can affect an individual’s sense of personal autonomy, relatedness, and competency.