JOURNAL OF APPLIED HEALTH STUDIES IN SPORT PHYSIOLOGY
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:9

Considering anti-aging and preventive effects of Exercise and Nutritional interventions, the present study was carried out to demonstrate combined effects of 12 weeks of Pilates exercise training and daily turmeric supplementation on serum Klotho level and health related quality of life in overweight middle-aged women. Forty-eight post-menopausal overweight women (mean age: 50. 3 ± 3. 8 years and BMI: 25-30 kg/m2) were selected and randomly divided into four groups of Pilates exercise, turmeric supplementation, combination of both and control. Each Pilates training session (12 weeks, three sessions per week) consisted of 45 minutes of exercise with an intensity of 11-13 Borg RPE scale. The supplementation contract included daily receiving 2, 100 mg of turmeric powder. Blood samples were obtained 48 hours before and after the intervention and serum Klotho levels were measured. HRQL was assessed by using short form 12 (SF-12) questionnaire, completed before and after intervention. Data analysis was performed by t-test and ANOVA (p≤ 0. 05). Results showed that 12 weeks of Pilates training with and without turmeric supplementation significantly increased Klotho levels and improved HRQL, physical health, mental health and social function, but turmeric supplementation alone, did not have significant effect on these factors (P> 0. 05). Collectively, these findings highlight the beneficial effects of Pilates training on Klotho level and HRQL in middle-aged women.

Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death in women in the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of continuous training and soya on the expression of the mir-29 gene in the heart of the ovariectomized rats. 40 Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into 5 groups after ovariectomy surgery. Continuous exercise and soya supplementation were done for 6 weeks. After 24 hours of the last workout, the heart is transferred to the lab. The amount of expression of the mir-29 gene in the method RT-PCR was measured. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Ovariectomy reduced the expression of the mir-29 gene expression, however, there was no significant difference between the effects of continuous training, combinated training and supplementary soya on the mir-29 gene in the heart of the ovariectomized rats (P>0. 05). Exercise and soya supplementation non significantly prevented the reduction of the expression of the mir-29 gene.

Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein that plays an important role in the maintenance and repair of the nervous system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-weeks of Pilates training with massage on serum BDNF level and fatigue index in women with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, 18 volunteer female MS patients (0, diseases history: 4/5; 7± 2 years, age: 30-40 years) were randomly divided into Pilates training with massage (n=9) and control (n=9) groups. Training program for Pilates training with massage was carried out for 8 weeks (3 s/wk, consisted of 20 to 40 min Pilates & 20 min massage per session). The BDNF of serum and fatigue index were measured before and after the intervention. Analysis of the data was performed by Paired samples and independent samples t-test by SPSS21 at p<0. 05 statistical significance level. Following to eight weeks of Pilates training with massage, serum BDNF level was significantly increased and fatigue index was significantly decreased (p<0. 05). It seems that Pilates training along with massage could be proposed as a complementary treatment alongside medications to prevent disease progression in MS patients.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to study consumption of anabolic steroids prevalence and awareness of their side effects among male body builders in Iran. 31 studies were eligible for entry into the study by using anabolic steroids, ergogenic drugs and bodybuilder keywords from Persian and Latin databases. Data analysis was performed using meta-analysis (random effects model). The heterogeneity between studies was assessed by using I2 test. It was found that the total prevalence of anabolic steroid consumption in Iranian bodybuilders was 32. 9% (95% confidence interval 17 to 48%), and the prevalence of four drug classes consumption’ including Testosterone, Nandrolone, Oxymethanol and Dianabol were found as 29, 24, 19 and 15% respectively. Moreover, 74% of the athletes introduced their coaches and/or friends as the most influential persons to encourage the for using sports supplements. Only 34% of athletes have awareness about anabolic steroids side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to increase both athletes and their coaches’ information in connection with anabolic steroids side effects to diminish consumption prevalence.

Reactive oxygen species can induce cardiomyocytes apoptosis. But this mechanism has been unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of continuous exercise training on some of proteins involved in cardiac apoptosis (BAX, BCL-2) after the injection of H2O2 in different doses in male wistar rats. 50 males rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 10 rats in each group, including on Control (C),: injection of 1 (H1) and 2ml H2O2 (H2), exercise and injection of 1 (HE1) and 2 ml H2O2 (HE2) groups respectively. Exercising groups were running on a treadmill for eight weeks, four days per week. 24 hr after the last exercise session, all rats were sacrificed. Elisa technique was performed to determine cardiac tissue bax and bcl2 proteins level. The data were analyzed by ANOVA at level of p≤ 0/05. There were nonsignificant differences in cardiac BAX, BCL-2 and BAX/BCL2 ratio between groups. We concluded that participation in endurance training following to H2O2 injections at both doses may not lead to apoptosis induction in rats cardiomyocytes.

Menopause is effective in weight gain. By contrast, the use of exercise and herbal supplements minimizes the damage caused by overweight. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of one course of circuit resistance training with Thyme supplementation on serum levels of FGF-21 in postmenopausal Overweight women. 48 overweight postmenopausal women, aged 45-55 years old, were randomly divided into four groups (n=12 each group): controls, thyme supplement, resistance training+ placebo and resistance training + thyme supplementation. The resistance training protocol was performed for 8 weeks, three days a week with 35% 1RM. Blood samples were taken from the venous vein 48 hours before the exercise protocol and after the last training session. FGF-21 values were measured using ELISA kit. Data analysis was performed by t-test and ANOVA (p≤ 0. 05). Thyme supplementation and resistance training create a significant difference in serum levels of FGF-21 in supplement, resistance training and resistance training + supplement groups (p = 0. 001 and F = 290. 8). Additionally, the results showed a significant increase in FGF-21 serum levels in resistance training and resistance training + thyme groups (p = 0. 003). It seems that adminstration of herbal supplement of thyme, along with resistance training, creates a more positive adjustment in serum FGF-21 levels, which is an effective way to lower obesity rate and prevent its related diseases in overweight menopausal women.

The Axonal transmission is a vital process in nervous system that protects neuron and nervous terminal by provide proteins, fats and mitochondria and cleanses supplemented proteins to prevent toxicity. Keynesin-1 is a one of proteins involved in axonal transport that involves in rapid forward transmission. With respect to, prevalence of dysfunction in proteins that are involved in axonal transport in nervous disease, this research is aimed to investigation the effect of decreased physical activity and neuropathic pain on present the keynesin-1 gene expression of sciatic nerve in Wistar male rats. 10 male Wistar rats in the weight range of 250± 30 gr were randomly divided into two groups, including control group (C) and decreased physical activity group (SNL). For 6 weeks, neuropathic pain behavior tests were conducted continually in both groups. At the end of the 6 week, the changes in keynesin-1 gene expression in sciatic nerve were measured with Real time technique. The behavioral tests demonstrated that spinal nerve ligation induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in the SNL group. Decreased pain threshold was observed throughout the study period (p<0. 05). Additionally, in comparison with the C group, keynesin-1 gene expression in sciatic nerve fiber was significantly higher in the SNL group (p<0. 05). It seems that SNL and neuropathic pain associated with up regulated keynesin-1 gene expression in sciatic nerve. With respect to physiologic actions keynesin-1 in nerves, probably this conditions lead to dysfunction of neuromuscular system.

Exhaustive exercise increases the production of active free radicals and outbreak of oxidative stress in the body. Using antioxidant supplementation is one of the most efficient methods for reducing oxidative stress in the Athlete's body. Therefore, aim of this study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks aerobic training accompanied by dietary supplementation of spirulina on Oxidative stress index in obese inactive men followed by one session exhaustive exercise. 32 inactive obese men They were randomly divided into four groups: homogeneous (supplemented exercise, supplemented control, placebo, placebo control), complemented by spirulina for 6 weeks and 5 training sessions per week A blood sample from all subjects was administered four times to determine the MDA, SOD, GPX, CAT and total antioxidant capacity was taken. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software at a significant level of p <0. 05. The results showed that exhausting exercise significantly increased the level of MDA, SOD, GPX and CAT in subjects and supplementation of spirulina significantly decreased this exercise index, It also increases the total antioxidant capacity, as well as differences There was a significant difference between the groups in relation to 6 weeks of aerobic exercise with the use of spirulina supplementation on oxidative stress indices in inactive obese men after an exhaustive activity session. The findings showed that the supplement of spirulina in inactive obese men can prevent oxidative damage caused by an exhausting exercise.

Developed countries have presented a better plan for evaluating the frequency of genes related to sport performance in order to promote the goals of championship sports of the community, but less research has been done in developing countries. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate ACTN3 gene polymorphism and some athletic performances of non-athlete male adolescents of Urmia. The subjects of the semiexperimental study were 123 healthy non-athletic boys who were in the second stage of Tanner's maturity. DNA genome of SALIVA was extracted using a suitable kit and the study of polymorphisms was performed by PCR-RFLP method. In order to compare the mean of different exercise performance, at first the subjects were categorized based on three types of ACTN3 polymorphism, then the means of exercise performance of the three groups were separately compared with one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA). The significant level of p<0. 05 was considered. results: The findings of this study showed that genotype XX has a significant effect on the endurance function, but genotypes ACTN3 does not have the significant effect on the speed and strength performance of subjects. The results of this study showed that despite the effect of genotype XX on the endurance performance, this gene polymorphism cannot be considered as a determinant factor in speed and strength performance.