DANESHVAR MEDICINE
Year:2002 | Volume:9 | Issue:40|Papers Count:11

In this quasi experimental study we compare evaluation of two different pulmonary rehabilitation methods to modifying ventilation of spinal cord injured (SCI) patient. The subject of the study was selected randomly. Hence they formed two groups of 20 individuals. The aim of this research is to compare the effects of two pulmonary rehabilitation methods (chest mobility and diaphragm strengthening) to improve ventilation status in SCI patients. The patient,f in both groups did their special respiratory training exercises for 5 hours. Pulmonary evaluation by PFT, ABG and pulmonary physical examination were done before and after the exercises. Comparison of two groups under the investigation shows that: 1- Increasing of VC-FVC-FEVI in both groups were significant, but by using t-test and the signification of p<0. 05 chest mobility methods were more effective than the diaphragm strengthening method. 2- Changes of Pao2 and Paco2 in diaphragm strengthening group were not significant, but they were significant in chest mobility group. So the signification of p < 0.05 chest mobility methods were more effective than diaphragm strengthening methods to increase Pa02 and decrease Paco2. 3- Results indicate that chest mobility methods with signification of p < 0.05 were more effective than diaphragm strengthening methods in increase coughing rate, cough and sputum, repelling sputum without coughing by using MACNIMAR test.  

Menstrual disorder and its complications are one of the main causes of early avoidance in lynestrenole users and an effective contraceptive method during the lactation period. In order to determine incidence rate of menstrual disorders among Lynstrenole users in breast feeding women, a prospective study was performed in 927 qualified women and Health clinics in Hamadan city, in 1998-1999. In the present study exclusively and non-exclusively breast feeding women, who took lynestrenole 6-12 weeks after delivery, were assigned in two groups. After the delivery the study groups were monthly fallowed up to one year. During the research period, the related questionnaires were filled based an interviews of the studied women. The study groups women whom referred to the health clinics monthly, were asked the questions regarding the methods of breast feeding, beginning of menstruation, menstrual disorders and etc. Then the obtained information was filled in the questionnaires. Finally the two groups were compared to. menstrual disorders. Incidence rate of menstrual disorders was 130 per 1000. Far the exclusively breast feeding women the figure was 97 per 1000 and 159 per 1000 in the nonexclusively group. A statistically significant difference was observed in the two groups (P<0.01). The mast common type of menstrual disorders was metrorrheagia (61/1 %). There was a weak association between increasing the length of exclusively breast feeding and reduction of menstrual disorders (r=0/07, 95% confidence limits 0.01 <p<0.14). The mean and standard deviation of time taking the pills was 300±92 days. 47.4% of the studied persons did not follow the method before the end of a year. The mast common cause of changing in the method was women's reluctance (66%) and irregular bleeding (12/6%). The findings of this research indicate that increasing the exclusively breast feeding period reduces the menstrual disorders. Therefore, women should be encouraged to exclusively breast feeding and also increasing the length of exclusively breast feeding.    

Food poisoning is one of the most commonly related by salmanella typhimurium. This bacteria is considered as a major hazard to health of the world. Garlic has many therapeutic properties in herbal medicine. In this regards, we studied the effect of choroformic garlic extract on clinical signs of salmonellosis in rabbits and zone inhibition of garlic in culture media. After preparing garlic from Hamadan and dry it, the chloroformic garlic extract were prepared with suckcele. The extract were prescribed with different concentration (40 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) to rabbits in standard methods orally. Before it, the animals were infected with 109, 1010, 1011 salmonella typhimurium per one mililter of culture media. Rectal temperature and weight loss of animals were measured from one day before infection to 6 days after infection. The results were evaluated with SPSS software and ANOVA. In vitro studies showed that the inhibition zone of garlic in culture media Was 17mm. As a result, galic was an effective in reducing the rabbit's body temperatures and inhibition the weight loss significantly (P<0.05). We suggested the studies on mechanism of garlic and an effective material.      

This a quasi-experimental research that carried out to survey the effects of regular exercise training program on depressive children aged 8-12 years old underlying hemodialysis. For this purpose 48 children on maintenance hemodialysis were studied. 32 children were selected randomly for 3-months regular exercise program (REP). The other 16 children assigned to control group. Data were collected by children depression scale (CDS) and also a physical sign checked list were completed before and after the REP in two groups. After this time, the t-independent statistical test showed that there was a significant difference between case and control group in average of depression (Case group, 126.13±17.41V.S control group, 141.69±14.69, p=0.005). According to the results, we could say that application of a REP is an effective method for children underlying hemodialysis because it diminishes their depression and improves their quality of life.  

The use of sound wave ha5 been defined from many years ago and physical effect of this power on body tissues are through thermal and non thermal mechanism. By the use of thermal mechanism it decrea5epain, joint stiffness and increases range of motion, vasodilatation and promote recove1Yof heal and inflammation. By the use of non thermal mechanism it is useful for repairing soft tissue and bone with protein synthesis because of increa5ingblood flow. The effect of sound wave in inflammation site is immigration platelet, mast cell-macrophage - neutrophil and changes in permeability and cell membrane diffusion with influx Ca +2 into cell as internal signal or second messenger for  serotonin and histamine exocytosis. This research was performed on patient with De'Qurvian or inflammation tendon of extensor policies brevis and abductor policies longus, which we used phonophoresis by ultrasound device. The patients were divided into two groups, in each group we used gel ultrasound and in case group hydrocortisone 10% was added. The results showed phonophoresis hydrocortisone 10% increased repair of tendinities with range of motion for adduction wrist (P<0.05) and decrease in pain (P<0.05) and ha5 no relation with adduction wrist (P>0.05).

In present study for evaluation of bone induction and processing of new bone regeneration in cranial bone, we implanted BMG particles in the rat parietal bone defects. The BMG was prepared as previously described by urist. The defects with 5-mm in diameter were produced in left parietal bones and filled by 5-mg of BMG particles. No BMG particles used in control group. For evaluation of new bone induction and regeneration, speciements were harvested on days 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 after implantation. The samples were processed histologically, stained by H&E, Alcian blue and Alizarin red S and studied by using a light microscope. The results are as fallows: In control group: Twenty-eight days after operation a few clusters of new bone were observed near the defects margin. In BMG group: The first cells that differentiated from the mesenchymal cells, were osteoblasts that appeared 3 days after implantation, followed by synthesis of bone matrix which classified shortly thereafter. A few clusters of cartilage cells were observed at beginning of day 7 which located in the central position of the defects. By 14th days after implantation, Alcian blue staining showed hypertrophic chondrocytes and classified deposition were detectable by alizarin red S staining. The new trabeculae bone was observed in peripheral position and near the defects margin in this day. The numerous trabeculae bone with adult osteocytes and red bone marrow well developed on day 21 after implantation. Finally typical lamellar bone with regulated osteocytes, osteoblast cells and some osteoclast cells' were detectable in day 28 after implantation. In Conclusion, the BMG could stimulated bone induction and new bone regeneration by ordinary both ossification methods "Preferely intramembranous ossification" in cranial bone defects. So it seems that the BMG could be good biomaterial substances for bone repair.    

An increase in vaginal delivery rate in comparison to cesarian can be considered as a remarkable step in reaching ideal delivery with healthy infant and mother. The purpose of this study in the research of the effects of IV injection of hyoscine in the first stage of labor in progress of dilatation and effecment. In this reserch we would compared the lenghth of the first stage in second and third pariety and same age in 70 women. The pateints divided in two groups, case (30) and control (35) with the same obstetrics and demographic characters. The hyoscine injected IV and double blind in case group and stryle water injected to control group in the begining of the active phase of the lab or. There was no significant effect in progress of dilatation and effecement and hyoscine injection has no effect on the second stage of labor.    

Cryopreservation of single human spermatozoa is a new technique to improve the management of male infertility which first introduced by Cohen et al. (1997) and was repored by the others. The aim of this research was to examine the efficiency of this cryopreservation method for the sperm with different sources (ejaculated sperm- PESA-TESE). Spermatozoa was obtained from the patients attending the ICSI program at Koassar Fertility Center and was divided into three groups: a-ejaculated sperm b-PESA c-TESE (both with shaking sperm). To every group, 10 empty zonae were prepared by using degenerated, immature or unfertilized human oocytes. 8-10 spelmatozae were transferred into every empty zona. The zonae were put in a droplet of follicular fluid + 15% glycerol (V/V) for five minutes and after loading in a 0.25µl straw plunged in liquid nitrogen. After thawing removal of the spermatozae from the zonae were performed and the viability and motility of the sperms were recorded and analyzed statistically. The results showed that less than 12% of the sperms was lost prior cryopreservation and there was no significant difference between groups. Post thaw viability rates did not differ between groups and it was 80-84%. Mortality rate was 70-74% with no significant difference between groups. This sperm cryopreservation is suitable for olygoazoospermia patients, because of high recovery and motility rates. It can help the mentioned patients by prevention of repeating surgeries.  

Cell death is classically divided into two modes; Apoptosis and Necrosis. Characterization and determination of cell death types are essential in treatment management. The mode of cell death is controversial in Mcf-7 cell line following cisplatin treatment. In this study, electron microscopy as golden criteria was carried out for determination of cell death mode. McF-7 cell line was cultured in complete medium. At late exponential phase, the cultured cells were divided into two control and experimental groups. Experimental group was treated by 1µM cisplatin for one hour. Both groups were washed and then incubated for 48 hours. After completion of incubation time, the attached and detached cells were separately collected and prepared for electron and light microscopy. Results indicated, morphology of attached cells in experimental group were similar to attached cells of control group. Attached cells were seen with cell membrane microvillie, nuclear uochromatin and normal organelles. The detached cells of both control and experimental groups were characterized three types of cells; apoptotic, secondary necrotic and normal cells. Apoptotic cells; were observed with nuclear heterochromatin, disappearing of microvillie, appearing of cytoplasmic vacoules and condensation of cytoplasm. Finally some apoptotic cells were Fragmented into apoptotic bodies and some other cells were undergone to secondary necrosis. The number of detached cells was high following cisplatin treatment. In conclusion, the mode of cell death in Mcf-7 is apoptosis following cisplatin treatment.