KOWSAR MEDICAL JOURNAL
Year:2009 | Volume:13 | Issue:4|Papers Count:17

AIMS: The objective of this study is to examine the protective effects of lithium chloride against induced apoptosis in rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) culture.METHODS: In this experimental study, rat bone marrow cells were plated in 2, 5 and 10 mM of lithium chloride and expanded for three successive subcultures. At the end of cultivation period, the number of viable cells in treatment groups and control (without lithium chloride) was determined and compared using propidium Iodide (PI) staining. Furthermore, at passaged-3 cultures, the cells were induced by serum deprivation and TNF- addition and concomitantly treated by the mentioned concentration of lithium chloride. At 24, 48 and 72 hours after apoptosis induction, the cultures were stained with Acridine Orange and Ethidium Bromide.RESULTS: Flowcytometric distribution of dead and living cells after PI staining indicated that treatment of cells with varying concentration of Lithium cause the increase in number of viable cells compared to that of control. In this term, the highest number of viable cells belongs to culture with 6 mM Lithium chloride (p<0.05). Percentages of apoptotic cells for control, 2, 5 and 10 mM lithium were respectively, 19.34, 13.55, 5.75 and 10.31 after 24h that increased by time advancement (48 and 72 hours), cause more differences. In this regards, the least percentages belongs to culture with 5 mM of lithium (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: Lithium chloride, especially at 5 mM concentration, can decrease the amount of apoptotic cells at MSCs cultures that are induced to undergo apoptosis.

AIMS: Topiramate is an anti-convulsing drug, which produced its effects via glutamate metabotropic receptors inhibition and/or GABA receptor excitation. Previous studies indicated that both glutamate and GABA systems have a role in morphine tolerance. In the present study, attempts were made to investigate the effects of topiramate on the tolerance to morphine-induced locomotors activity in male mice.METHODS: Male N-MARI mice (20-30 g) were used in this study by open field method. In a pilot study, ineffective doses of the drugs were determined. Then the animals became tolerant to morphine (50 mg/kg; Twice a day for three consecutive days) and their locomotors activity were calculated. Different doses of topiramate were administered to the animals 30 minutes before each morphine injection during tolerance development or on the test day 30 minutes before the experiments begining.RESULTS: Injection of morphine in order to develop tolerance, abolished the locomotors activity induced by effective dose of morphine. Injection of topiramate reduced the acquisition but enhanced the expression of morphine tolerance. Topiramate by itself reduced the locomotors activity in morphine-nave animals.CONCLUSION: Topirmate administration leads to inhibition of acquisition but exagerates expression of tolerance to morphine-induced locomotors activity in male mice. It may be due to glutamate and/or GABAergic mechanisms. In addition, topiramate by itself reduces the locomotors activity in animals.

AIMS: Abnormalities of the modulatory roles of endothelium and smooth muscles may be initiating factors of diabetic vascular disease. In this study, Effects of chronic exercise training and detraining on cutaneous microvascular responses in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats and also its effect on LArginin/ Nitric Oxide pathway are investigated.METHODS: 50 male wistar rats (220±10 g) were made diabetic by streptozotocin (60mg/kg, s.c). After 1 week of diabetes induction, animals were submitted to exercise training for 10 weeks on treadmill and then some of them detrained for 8 weeks. Laser Doppler flowmetery technique used to characterize cutaneous microvascular responses.RESULTS: Ach- induced cutaneous perfusion were increased significantly by training and attenuated by detraining and L-NNA in diabetic groups. Cutaneous microvascular responses to SNP did not alter in control and diabetic by training but decreased significantly by detraining in diabetic rats. Local microinjection of LArginin increased cutaneous blood flow in diabetic and normal rats. However this effect augmented by training in diabetic compared to age-matched normal rats.CONCLUSION: Chronic exercise improves endothelium-dependent dilatation and potantiate L-arginin/ NO pathway activity in diabetic rats.

AIMS: Noradrenaline protects myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion-induced infarction and arrhythmias via activation of a1-adrenoceptor and mitochondrial KATP channels (mKATP) in anesthetized rats. In present study we evaluated the effect of noradrenaline and role of a1-adrenoceptor and mKATP channel on plasma level of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine kinase-MB (CKMB).METHODS: Anesthetized rats were subjected to 25 minutes regional ischaemia and 120 minutes reperfusion. In control group (n=9) saline was injected prior to ischemia. In IPC group (Ischemic Preconditioning; n=9) ischemia was preceded by three short episodes of ischemia/reperfusion. In group III (n=9), noradrenaline (2 mgr/kg) was injected prior to ischemia. In group IV (n=6), an a1-adrenoceptor blocker (prazosin, 0.5 mg/kg) was administrated prior to noradrenaline. In Groups V and VI (n=6), rats received 5-hydroxydecanoiate (5-HD; a specific mKATP channel inhibitor) prior to and after noradrenaline injection, respectively.RESULTS: IPC and noradrenaline markedly reduced plasma level of LDH and CKMB. Administration of prazosin or 5-HD suppressed effect of noradrenaline on LDH and CKMB.CONCLUSION: Noradrenaline reduces plasma level of LDH and CKMB via activation of a1-adrenoceptor and mitochondrial KATP channel in anesthetized rat heart.

AIMS: Evaluation of probable interaction between Pralidoxime and thiocholine substrates by colorimetric Ellman's method and its effect on cholinesterase activity assay in human peripheral blood.METHODS: 10 human peripheral blood samples were collected. We compared effect of Pralidoxime (PRX) and enzymes (ENZ) on Acetyl-thiocholine (ATC) and Butyryl-thiocholine (BTC) by Ellman's method at 37oC. For each enzyme, absorbance of two experiment groups (Enzyme group [Enz(50ml+Sub(2mM)] and PRX group [PRX(100mM)+Sub(2mM)]) were read at 410nm against suitable control (all substances in test tube except enzyme and Pralidoxime) and used in enzyme activity calculation. Data analyzed by Kruskal- Wallis test by Prism 5 software. We repeated PRX group with 3, 10, 30, 100 and 300 mM of pralidoxime in 1 up to 5 minute and calculated relation between false activity (without any enzyme) and PRX concentration or reaction times by correlation analysis.RESULTS: False activity due to PRX and ATC interaction in Ellman’s method was 19.4±3.736% of AChE activity. False activity due to PRX and BTC interaction in Ellman’s method was 8.2±1.474% of BChE activity. False activity had direct correlation with PRX concentration (r>0.89) and reverse correlation with reaction time (r<-0.9).CONCLUSION: Pralidoxime ability to dose and time dependent hydrolysis of thiocholine substrates, seems to increases cholinesterase activity falsely. So Ellman’s method test has some limitation for cholinesterase activity assay in presence of Pralidoxime and usage of this test for concentrations more than 200mM of Pralidoxime is not recommended.

AIMS: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a chronic superficial fungal disease caused by Malassezia spp. The incidence is as high as 30-40% in tropical climates. Epidemiological data suggest geographical variations in the rate of the isolated species from PV. Our aim is to identify Malassezia spp. from PV patients in Kashan.METHODS: Isolates of Malassezia were collected from 118 PV patients. A direct microscopy with KOH and methylene blue was carried out. Cultures were made in modified Dixon agar medium and the isolates were identified by macroscopic and microscopic features, physiological characteristics (catalase test) and biochemical criteria (esculin and lipid assimilation tests). Data were analyzed statistically by SPSS 11 software and Fischer's exact and descriptive statistical tests.RESULTS: Hyperhydrosis was reported as the most important finding with 58.1%. Back (42.2%) and extremities (7.4%) were the highest and the lowest involved parts, respectively. The isolates found were M. globosa (43.8%), M. furfur (38.4%), M. obtusa (9.8%), M. sympodialis (6.3%) and M. slooffiae (1.8%).CONCLUSION: It is suggested that M. globosa presents the main species implicated in the pathogenicity of PV and M. furfur as the second agent of importance. In this study, hyperhydrosis is the main factor of disease by opportunistic yeasts of Malassezia.

AIMS: The purpose of this study is to determine N-acetyl cysteine effect on life quality of addicts who are in treatment period camparing with placebo.METHODS: In this double blind, placebo control clinical trial study, two groups (drug and placebo; each 20 people) among the persons who respect for treatment of their opium addiction in treatment center in Tehran were selected with systematic sampling method. 1200 mg/day drug and placebo were administered to drug and placebo groups, respectively, for 45 days. Quality of life was evaluated with SF-36 standard questionnaire, before and after drug administration. Finally, the results were analyzed with Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests and SPSS software.RESULTS: SF-36 total point mean, before intervention was 44±11 in drug group and 40±9 in placebo group that there was no significant relation before intervention (p>0.05). After intervention, SF-36 total point mean in drug and placebo groups were 78±7 and 70±9, respectively, that there was significant relation after intervention between SF-36 total point in Mann-Withney test (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: N-acetyl cysteine has significant effect on improving of life quality in addicts in their addiction treatment period.

AIMS: This study was performed to Assess the efficacy of adeli suit therapy (AST) in 4-8 year old children with spastic CP with normal intelligence quota (IQ).METHODS: This is a quasi-experimental and interventional study performed on 20 CP spastic 4-8 year old children who acquired the entrance qualification for intervention. The clinical tests were Wechsler intelligence scale for IQ evaluating and GMFM-66 (Gross Motor Function Measure) for evaluating gross motor performance.RESULTS: There were significant difference in gross motor functional abilities after using AST (p<0.01). Evaluation each of the functional levels before and after the intervention showed that the best result of using AST seen on children at IV level. But evaluation comparing of motor performance levels showed no significant difference (p>0.1).CONCLUSION: AST is a new and effective approach in children with CP and it was caused meaningful improvement in gross motor function of CP children and this approach is useful for all CP children in different levels of motor function.

AIMS: The goal of this study is evaluation of effects of educational intervention according to the health belief model on health believing, knowledge and self-care behavior of patients under CABG.METHODS: 64 patients under CABG were chosen through purposive non-probabling method in a quasiexperimental study and randomly placed in two control and case groups. After determining the needs through health belief model, educational intervention was done on the case group. Data was gathering by the questionnaire twice (previous and 2 month after the educational intervention). data was analyzed by describing statistic and central indexes tests.RESULTS: In case group there was significant correlation in enhancing average of perceived severity, benefits of dietary performance, benefits of exercise, knowledge of disease, knowledge of dietary, knowledge of exercise and self-care behavior in exercise and also significant correlation in decreasing average of barrier severity of exercise and barriers of dietary performance. In control group there was only significant correlation in enhancing average of knowledge of disease and knowledge of exercise and decrease in average of barrier severity of exercise.CONCLUSION: Educational intervention according to HBM leads to enhancing knowledge level, changing in health believing and finally leads to promotion of self-care behaviors in the patients under CABG.

AIMS: Cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is a rare condition with poor prognosis. It is a dramatic event with profound impact on patients', families' and physicians' lives. This study is to describe the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with cancer in hemathology department of Urmia Imam Khomeini hospital.METHODS: The clinical records of 12 patients, who presented to reference center in Urmia in the west of Iran over 10 years from 1998 to 2008 were reviewed collecting demographics, pregnancy characteristics and outcomes, type of cancer, clinical stage, treatment and oncological outcome.RESULTS: In patients, 1 uterine cervix, 6 ovary, 1 Hodgkin lymphoma, 1 endometrium, 1 liposarcoma, 1 neuroblastoma and 1 lung tumors were observed. One of pregnant woman had synchronous ovary and endometrium cancer. Mean gestational age at diagnosis of cancer was of 25.5 weeks, resulting in 8 deliveries with healthy products, 2 abortions and 2 intrauterine deaths. The majority of patients had advanced clinical stages. Overall survival was 25% after 48 months.CONCLUSION: Cancer during pregnancy appears to have a worse outcome when compared to the results reported in the literature of non-pregnant women with the same conditions. Cancer during pregnancy requires specialized attention to improve both fetal and maternal outcomes.