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مرکز اطلاعات علمی SID1
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    5165
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

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Author(s): 

چوبین حسین

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1380
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    179-192
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    334
  • Downloads: 

    95
Abstract: 

دعبل شاعری است عراقی، متعهد به مبانی اسلامی و شیعی که در برابر طاغوتیان بنی عباسی زبانی بران دارد و سفرهایی به شهرهای ایران چون شوش، قم، ری، مرو و سمنجان (در خراسان) در خراسان کرده است و فرمانداری شهر سمنجان را برای مدتی به عهده داشت، و در سالهای آخر عمر، در نزدیکی شهر شوش به سر می برد، و همان جا به فیض شهادت نائل شد.سفرهای پی در پی او به ایران اثر خود را در اشعار او گذاشت، و تعدادی از واژه های فارسی در اشعار او دیده می شود.

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Author(s): 

HAKEMI E.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    1-10
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1244
  • Downloads: 

    189
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Some of the poets have composed poems about heaven and its effect on human being distiny from ancient time, and complained of injustice and lyranny of heaven and nature. In this article I try to study the subject from anciant Greek literary criticspoint of view such as Socrate and plato first, and then represent some samples of method of thinking of old and modem poets. The result of studing different thoughts and ideas show that some poets believe in the effect of heaven on human being destiny and some deny any positive and negative influence of heaven on human fate.

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Author(s): 

TABATABI F.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    11-31
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    884
  • Downloads: 

    477
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

The word "Lover"in the first place is a name of God and then it is attributed to the creatures.In the chapter 178 of Fotohat Maldyeh, Ibn Arabi while discussingthe station of the lover,has paid attention to the delicate and noteworthy point that if he is to enlist the features of the divine lovers, it is better to find out the manifestations of these characteristicsin the sublime source in the light of the Quranic verses. Then he would attribute them to other lovers through a relational approach which is a new and unprecedented approach. The author of this article tries to select, elucidate and elaborate on it and enumerate some of thefeatures that Mohyeddin hasfirst attributedto the "Lover of God" and then to other lovers.Evidently,the present articleis apart of a lenghty chapter on the aesthetic manifestations of God for the gnostic lovers.It is hoped that the present article would open a new vistasfor the readers.

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Author(s): 

AKBRI M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    33-53
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    930
  • Downloads: 

    155
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In this essay the similarities of "Imam Khomeiny" and "Najmoddin Kobra"from different points of view are discussed. They both considered verses and narrations of the religious leaders in their works. Their gnostic manners and their efforts for the eminency of the Islamic education and culture were the same too. Imam Khomeiny with stood the violation of the people"s rights and Najmoddin Kobra resisted the Mongol invation too. They both devoted their lives in contemplation and educating the disciples sincerely. In this essay we compare ""Arbaien Hadeeth" with "Osool -e- Ashareh". These two gnostics believed that deciples should repent and by perpetual patience and for bearance worship God. Although they had obvious similarities, the way their personality were shaped is quite different. Imam Khomeiny was trained with the religious authority (Howzeh Elmieh) but Najmoddin was trained in the Monastery and finaly they both devoted their lives to jurispnldence.

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Author(s): 

AMIN MOGADDASI A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    55-74
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1058
  • Downloads: 

    622
Abstract: 

Showghi as a poet, lived in a period that wasfull of political social and religious problems. His Divan can be regarded as a reference of contemporary history of Arabic world specially Egypt. Beside the Showghi"s social and political ideas, his religious view points also can be examined. He considers society of Egypt as a complexity of national history of ancient time and Islamic identity. He, by comparing those subjects and by,preference of Islame, believes that religion has always been the basis of civilization and reaching to good morals . The Qoranic words and religious terms have an religious influence on his poems. Showghi loved prophet so eagerly that encouraged people of Nahdjolbardeh to certify his sincerity.

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Author(s): 

AFKHAMI A. | DINMOHAMMADI G.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    75-78
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2004
  • Downloads: 

    224
Abstract: 

In this article, we are to justify the variety in the word-order of Persian, Arabic and English in the framework of the theory of Govemment and Binding and to show that this variety is partly due to such processes as "Topicalization" in English and "Scrambling" in Persian and Arabic. We have particularly emphasized the difference between these two processes in that the former is related to configurational languages like English and the latter to flat languages like Persian and Arabic. On the basis of Saito"s proposal 1982, we have assumed that Persian and Arabic are flat in Phonetic Form and configurational in S-structure. Then on the basis of Berwick"s "Subset theory" 1982, we have assumed that D-structure in these languages are of an svo order and that S-structure can appear in an svo or/and sov order. As a result the variety in these languages results from two types of movement. One is NP movement, which is optionally applied in Phonetic Form and the other is Head movement, which is obligatorily applied between D-structure and S-structure.

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Author(s): 

KEYMANESH A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    89-102
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    994
  • Downloads: 

    687
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Seyed Karim Amiri Firouzkouhi (1909 - 1984) known as "Amir" is a contemporary elegist and lyric composer poet from a well- known family. Amiri has a distinguished face among contemporary poets having all charachteristics of a number one poet. Amiri is not only in elegy and lyrics but also in other kinds of poems such as fragment, continuous quatrain and couplet (Mathnavi) has a talent as fluent as pure water. Although his lyrics reminds us Saeb lyrics in elegant taste and details, but his reputation in following Indian style is due to his defence, along with supporting of Saeb and Indian poets. Despite all, his poems have a good taste of Iraqi style.

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Author(s): 

GHADIRI MASOUM M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    103-115
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2596
  • Downloads: 

    449
Abstract: 

The cities and process of urbanization in Iran have been changed since recent decades, so that the number of cities and their population and their spacial expansion have been developed chiefly. The city of Kho"amabad, the center of Lorestan province has not been immunized from this transition. The population of city of Kho"amabad that located in the way of Tehran and Khozestan increased greatly because of rural immigration. In this article beside the study of population growth rate in Kho"amabad and its causes, the time when the population will become double during 2005-2020 has been forcasted.

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Author(s): 

AZAD H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    117-137
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2712
  • Downloads: 

    4468
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Anxiety is a most prevalence problem which is seen in the field of medicine, psychiatry and Psychology. (Robert, et al., 1998). Relaxation is a method that has a noticeable value on reducing anxiety (Bemstein, Borkovec, 1973). The use of relaxation technique in medicine, clinical psychology, and psychiatry has a long history. Performed studies indicate that relaxation can cause visible reduction of anxiety (melamed, 1984)

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Author(s): 

BASTANI A.A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    139-154
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    938
  • Downloads: 

    576
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Since the creation of beings has a goal and the Divine supreme wisdom is based on guiding of everything to its final perfection, God set certain rules for reaching this objective. Human being, certainly, is not an exception. But since human being is equipped with the faculity of intellectthere should be special rules in his regards. Also, since human"s real happiness is meeting the Almighty God (lighaullah) and his final objective is God"s friendship (wilayatullah); the rule of faith and laws of his conducts should be immune from e"or and mistake. Reflection on this subject guides us to the necessity of following the "masumll (infallible). Because only the masum IIdoes not speak out of desire"."It is naught but revelation that is revealed". (53/3, 4) The Divine revlation is divided in to two parts: revealed text = the HolyQuran;revealed meaning = the Tradition. There are many verses and authoritative traditions urging us to follow "thesunnall. For example: 110you who believe: obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those in authority from among yoUIl. (4/59) Imam Sadiq (p.b.u.h) relates: IISurelythe Exalted Allah disciplined his prophet, then he disciplined him in full. And after he made him perfect in good manners (adab), He said: "Indeed you reached sublime morality". Then he submitted to him affairs of the religion and the people in order to guide his servants." (Usul - i Kafi, 1/266) Although the prophet explained all the principles and laws conceming the human guidance and showed their applications through his mission and in order to prevent the enemies from putting in practice their seditions as well as their duplicities, the pure Imams were assigned by God to protect and explain these two Divine deposits, that is the holy Quran and the Apostolic traditions.

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Title: 
Author(s): 

PISHGAHIFARD ZAHRA

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    155-172
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    5281
  • Downloads: 

    2577
Abstract: 

This paper is written to light economic, cultural, communiction and political managment"s layers in globalization dircation. Economic"s layer of globalization is explained under title of upper layer of this process in two ways:1. New space regions systems. 2. World"s companies, and also descriped that in both kinds of less effection of geographical boundaries on economic prossesses and the creation of economic weightless. Cultural layer is about two sightseeings: 1- Colaption of nationality. 2.lntention to global popular culture with a liberal democractic characteristics. The layer of information"s communication as main major of world revolutions in the cultural, social and political domains tells a new description of distance with a practical nature. The layer of political management of the world with a different nature from international organizations which is based on nation-states has a decision to find a popular solution to formation of global civilized society.

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Author(s): 

SADJEDI T.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    173-190
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    722
  • Downloads: 

    506
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

La grammaire persane a une histoire aussi bien europeenne qu"iranienne. Des le debut du dix-neuvieme siecIejusqu"au debut du vingtieme,plusieurs grammairespersanes ont ete pubIiees en langues europeennes. Ces grammaires avaient ete redigees par les orientalisteset quelquefois meme par les iraniens.Alexandre Chodzko, a Paris,MilZa Habib Esfahani, a Constantinople,Albert de Biberstien-Kazimirski,Cl Paris, et tout particuIierement Mirza Abdolazim Gharib Garakani, Cl Teheran, ont deploye d"estimables efforts pour la composition des grammairespersanes,notamment ce demier qui entrepritla composition de sa grammaire persane en meme temps que l"enseignement de la Iitterature persane. Dans cette seconde partie de l"articIe, nous examinons le processus historique de la grammaire persane de ces savants dans la seconde moitie du dix-neuvieme siecIe, ainsi qu"au debut du vingtieme.

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Author(s): 

SHEYKHI M.T.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    191-212
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    747
  • Downloads: 

    460
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Due to structural weaknesses in the developing societies, social researches in these societies are carried out in a poor manner. Such a short-coming in these societies has caused the complexity of the problems to be more serious. Solution to such probleml situation needs an efficient care of social researchers, sociologists, demographers etc., to study the society scientifically, and thereby reach suitable solutions. In this manner, the planning machinery would be able to meet the social, economic and cultural needs of the society. Research motivation also counts much among the social researchers, and they must implicitly find the surely that their applied researches would bring about further improvements in peopl"s life. One of the difficulties pertaining to social researchesin Iran as well as many other Third World societies is the lack of impartial and unprejudiced researchers. Hence, attaining a Welfare - State, and sustaining it in Iran, is subject to social research. Problems pertaining to population growth, unemployment, deserting agricultural life etc., all need sociological studies, and in that way, the problems of theyouth, employment, family, women population and the like could be solved.

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Author(s): 

MOHAMMED G.H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    213-227
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    686
  • Downloads: 

    467
Abstract: 

The Present article contains a literary values, Historical events and Indo- Iran cultural relation during the Mughal -Rulersin India. It is collections of biographies from the Tazkarz of Persian. Now we made the whole text in a Modem-formfor the sake of persian scholars and Iranology Researchers.

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Author(s): 

MOHAMMAD REZAEI A.R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    228-248
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1564
  • Downloads: 

    608
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Ibn Bane (320 -362) is one of the greatestand the most learnedshiit Poetsin history of Andalos, who wrote, in literature books, summary of Ibn Bane indicated him as a reactionary for excessive Praises and called hima man of easy virtueand be said : He Commit Debauchery, and be said : Because of drinking, he died. This essay reply these multiple indictment.

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Author(s): 

SAJEDI SABA H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    249-268
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    254
  • Downloads: 

    347
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

French literature,from the beginning of nineteenth century, at the Period of Romanticism which was close to English romantic literature and this approach proximity which was reciprocal, tends to the American young literature and its new style writers and sometimes uncommon and shows a greatdeal of enthusiasm and passion toward it and even triesto be its introducerin Europe. The present articleintends to get through for a discussion in this process and it also surveys its importance in French literature. On this accout, some remarks are presented regardingthe acquaintance and the impressionof the oriental literature which have been brought about by the orientalists.It is proper to mention that the recentfield which has been a prominent subject of studying in the western universities" theses,finds its special position in our country and gains its importance and dignity which deserves to be so

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Author(s): 

CHOOBIN H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    269-277
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1081
  • Downloads: 

    710
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Debel was a poet from Iraq and obliged in Islam and shiit. He had an acrimonious tongue against Abbasid govemors. He traveled to many cities of Iran such as Shoosh, Qom, Rey, Marve and Samandjan, located in KJwrasan, and became the govemor of that city for sometimes. At the end of his life he went to Shoosh city and it was there, he was put to death. These travels to Iran caused that persian language effect on his poems and we see many persian words in his works.

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Author(s): 

MOTIEE LANGEROODI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    279-292
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1231
  • Downloads: 

    852
Abstract: 

The aim of all populations and countries are getting social justice and development. For reaching this goal special elements are requaired. The first step is economic development in order to insure the elementary welfare of population. The planning and investigation for human development and wise management is the second step to reach the goal. It must be noticed that the economic development is the elementary needs but it is a medium for reaching the human development goal.

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Author(s): 

ABD ELAHI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    293-310
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1621
  • Downloads: 

    321
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

cIbn-i cAbial-Hadid is one of the greatest and the most foumous Sunni Scholars in 7th century A. H. He has written several books including A Commentary on Nahdj al-Balagha in 20 volumes. He wasa greatpoet and a man of letters,and has composed many elegant poems. Among hispoems areseven odes whicharecomposedin praiseof Hazrat CAli (A.S) and are known as 11 cAlawi-yyat-eSabc kasidas ". In this piece of poetry, the poet has depicted cAli as a great figure. This panegyircpoem is originatedfrom his greataffectionfor cAli.This love is basedon a rigorous kuowledge of CAli, for he believedthat he inherited prophets" knowledge and learning and owns numerous virtues and miracles,and nobody is aspowerful and brave as He. To God, cAli is so honoured and esteemed that He has createdthe universein his honour, and on the day of Judgement He decides between heaven and hell for allpeople and intercedes with God on behalf of them. Finally,although this Sunni learnedscholar, in his A Commentary on Nahdj al-Balagha, in the discussion about caliphate considersthe priorityof Superiorto Non-superiorpermissible,in thesekasidas he finds fault with the selection of Non-superior.He poses the question whyin spite of C Ali "spresence, the community had referredto other candidates and ranked him the Fourth Caliph. In this atticle, though strating a number of verses of these poems, we are going to clarify, elaborate, and discuss the most important issues in which the poet tries to posit about Ali "s huge status and personality. In addition by these verses we are going to display an overview about this greatand everlastingperson

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Author(s): 

HADJYZADEH H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    311-322
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1524
  • Downloads: 

    510
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Since one of the necessary sources to reach the literary situation in previous centuries are the biographies written by ancients, this biography has been studied carefully. First, its errors and omissions has been corrected and then few of the writer"s Amir Sir Ali khan Doudy which was due to lack of reliable sources has been omitted. This biography like many other past biographies lacks introduction, table of contents and chaptering (sectioning). There fore after adding table of contens, introduction, chaptering and appendix, a section under the name of "suspensions" has been added to eliminate mistakes and to clear ambiguities. The biography of Marut-ol-khial whose main object is the biography of few poets (one hunderd fifteen poets and fifteen poetesses) whose objectional relation some of its papers with Farsi literature has added to. its usefulness and explantion of the dark points by showring the behavior of literary people, kings and rulers of India especially in the begining of the 12th century (Before Hejrat), to poem and poetical art shows the position of Farsi literature and literaryposition of Farsi speakers of that land. The important point is that by studying poems that have been composed in Indian style, the internal changes in above-mentioned style will be clearly understandable.

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Author(s): 

MOGHIMI E.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    323-340
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    2307
  • Downloads: 

    806
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In this essay "time" is discribed in geography. In each knowledg tspecialy geography time is important. Geographists work partly, with time for phenomenology now, this is one question, that which philosophy problems of geography have caused that time be apear in geography? The different problems have caused in diffe"ent science and geography, temporally of total geography phenomena and their variety have caused relief, and in order to express in 6 rules of timely is symbolable in geography and express in 4 symbol: i-Astronomical time, 2-Geological time, 3-Historical time, 4-Live time. The, geographists analyse time, themselves achievements and geographical facts, with each one from these symbols or with their universal time.

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Author(s): 

SIFE A.R.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    341-360
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    2116
  • Downloads: 

    676
Abstract: 

Thefeature of Crist in Matlmavi has been discribed as in Quran. Mowllanameanwhile discribingthe story of christ birth and talk in his craddlefrom what has happen to Mery his mother who became preganent without any husband through God order and has been condemend by people. Then in remembrace of chirist"s life and his mirackleas revivingdead people and curing ill people and curing the blinds and demand for divine food, meanwhile Mowllana did not neglect the result,which based on gnosticism,about christ"scondition.

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Author(s): 

MOUMENI F.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    361-380
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    3032
  • Downloads: 

    907
Abstract: 

What is right and what is wrong? This is a saint apprehension which has ingaged human thought through the history and its response was different acording to various views. History confirm that human being always devide events into right and wrong, and explain them from their point of views. Human being is truth seeker by nature, and by this quality must travel toward his aim. The first step is the recognition of truth and vanity. In this article I try to search this point in Nahjolbalagheh.

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Author(s): 

LESANI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    381-388
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    1
  • Views: 

    5185
  • Downloads: 

    1332
Abstract: 

One of the characteristicsof the Russian Langeuge is its having continuousand absolute cases of verbs. In other words, it is almost possible to express any action by using both continuous case and absolutecase, but the processes of action in these two are different. In this articlean aUempt has been made to make a distinction between these two cases and also to investigate the ways they are expressedin Persian.

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Author(s): 

ANVAR A.M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    389-401
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    637
  • Downloads: 

    519
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

In this lecture at first I talked about the shortcomings about the qualities of eminent position of Hazrat Ali (A.S) and his heavenly personality. A great man whose various characters surprise human being. His self respect and genuineness, knowledge and intelligence, braveryand interpidity,leadershipand sufficiency and kindness honour his noble human body. If we deliberate on his eminent qualities we see them drawned in heavenly personality that aquire his spiritlike a wavry sea and it is so because of his sincerity. In this article after his sincerity we hint to his virtue and piety and refer to his point of view about the truth. I mentioned that if there were not some heavenly and social concept of Nahjolbalagheh there were not some persian and Arabic poems. At the end I cited some examples from Quran, Nahjolbalagheh and some traditions for his spritual, scientific and religious personality. I also cited some verses from different poems such as Slidi, Moulavi, Avicina, Seyyed M. Hassan Anvar and Elahi Ghomsheii and the author of this article.

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Author(s): 

SOLTANI M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    403-419
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1956
  • Downloads: 

    720
Abstract: 

In this resarch we have firstly tried to provide a quite comprehensive definition of biography and history of literature, their difference and give a proposal for compiling and collecting the history of literature. Writting the history of literature has been initiated since 1285 (1906) and under the influence of orientalist"s work but as it had undergone a peak of peifection upto 1332 (1953), the period has been considered and analyzed to get the desired result we have divided the interval into 5 decades in any of which the main works on the mentioned subject have been criticized and studied, and finaly a general conclusion has been appeared as the study end point. The proposal for compiling the history of literature had been based upon object, subject, research method and inclusion and required matters have been given in detail for anyone of them.

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Author(s): 

DUSTMUHAMMADI H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2001
  • Volume: 

    45
  • Issue: 

    157
  • Pages: 

    421-441
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1742
  • Downloads: 

    416
Abstract: 

In the article, following a definition of Sira "biography", it is remarked that Sira looks to the type and manner of historical events. Thereare somedifferencesbetweenSira,"tarikh" "history"and Maghazi "battles". Then the goals or analysing Sira are elaborated. Also its significant is mentioned, key role in appreciating the noble Islamic culture. It is posited that without analysingand understanding:the Sira, gaining a knowledgeof Islamic teachingswill be impossible. To prove the thesis, a number of referencesare made to the Quran, history, and hadith, "tradition".

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