Koomesh
Year:2002 | Volume:3 | Issue:1-2|Papers Count:13

Introduction: In addition to their actions on reproductive function, estrogen has important effect on neovascvlarization, proliferation of cells and increase of growth hormone secretion. In this study, the possible effects of 17-b estradiol on cutaneous wound repair in ovariectomized rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: This experimental study performed on eighty adult female rats. After anaesthesia, all animals were ovariectomized, and they were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=12 in each group). Group I and II (control groups) received daily topically or subcutaneous injections of 0.1ml of sesamin oil (vehicle), respectively. Group III and IV treated once dialy with 17-b estradiol valerate ointment (10, and 25 mg/kg, respectively). Group V andVI recevied daily subcutaneous injection of 17-b estradiol valerate on the day of wounding. After aneasthesia, full thickness skin of upper dorsal part of the rats removed in 3 cm2 area. Wound surface area measured in 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22 and 25 post-operative days. The time required for complete healing was also recorded. Results: The results show that mean of surface area of wound in all groups at the 1st day were similar. Surface area in group IV at 4th, and 7th day was more than groups I (P<0.001) and III (P<0.01), and also at l0th day was more than group III (P<0.05). Surface area mean of wound in group II at 16th, 19th, and 22th was less than group V (P<0.01). There are nosignificant differences between  percentage of wound healing in all groups at all postopertive days as compared to control. The time required for compelete healing in treatment groups was more than control groups, but these differences were not significant. In other hand, this time in group II (16.5±0.42) was less than group I (21.5±0.8,  P<0.05). Conclusion: These data suggest that estradiol particulary, topical application of high dose at the primary days and low dose injection at the end days of wound healing period can impair wound healing.

Introduction:Leukemia is a heterogenous group of neoplastic disorder, which derived from malignant transformation of hematopoietic progenitors. In most cases, leukemia is associated with cytogenetic disorder. In addition, cytogenetic disorders are induced by chemicals and radiation which are used as therapeutically regimens. Micronuclei assay is one of the sensitive methods in evaluation of genetic and chromosomal aberration. In the present study, genetic alteration due to radiotherapy and chemotherapy protocols in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are evaluated by micronuclei assay techniques. Materials and Methods:Total of 40 patients with ALL and 10 controls were used as sample subjects. According to treatment phases, patients were divided are into four groups as a without treatment, remission induction, consolidation and maintenance groups. Genetic alteration in these groups were evaluated by micronuclei assay techniques. Results:The frequency of micronuclei observed for each group was significantly higher than control group. Data also indicated that there were significant differences in the frequency of micronuclei among four groups. Conclusion:The findings indicate that radiotherapy and chemotherapy in ALL patients mainly kills cells by induction of genetic loss (chromosomal aberration). Observation of genetic loss in erytrocytic cells can be considerd as a significant side of  radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Introduction:Internal evaluation plays a fundamental role in quality improvment and development in teaching department. The aim  of this work was an internal evaluation of the Department of Anatomical Sciences in Semnan university of medical sciences. Materials and Methods:This study  was performed in  department of anatomical sciences of SUMS, during May 2000 to April 2001; utilizing an  grading model. The evaluation covered 4 areas, namley; "educational activity", "organizational ranking", "logistic parameters", and "research activity". Educational objectives and teaching achievement were evaluated at the level of first and second years of pre-clinical medical students and also evaluated by members of department. Organizational ranking included the head of department, the members of the organizing body, and the teaching staff of the department. Logistic parameters encompassed the manpower and personal of department; as well as available space and facilities. Research activities  consisted  of the numbers of the theses supervised, numbers of papers published in outstanding journals, amount of research projects and contirbutions made to congress and seminars. Data collection involved the use of some questionnaires and criteria. The final score obtained as the average of all scores and interpreted according to Gourman classification. Results:Educational objectives and activites ranked as "good" with 3.63 and 3.96 pts. (evaluated by students and members, respectively). Organization and logistic parameters of the department ranked as "good" (3.6 pts) and "more than satisfactory" (2.85), respectively. Research activities ranked as "good" with  3.58 pts. Conclusion:Analysis of the results placed the department of anatomical sciences of SUMS in the "more than satisfactory" class of the Gourman classification. This department needs to progress the training function and the compesnsation of the demerits.

Introduction:As verb in persian language includes doer of action, acting and tense, thus it plays an important role in speech. In this study, verb aspect and structure have been studied in normal children at the ages of 2-4.5, on the basis of this investigation, inter and intra group comparisons have been done between each variable in different age groups. Method and Materials:This comparative cross-sectional study has been randomly performed on 101 children among the ages of 2-4.5, in 5 age groups. Collecting the date has been sounding evaluation. The children's speech samples for verb tenses and verb inflectional suffixes collected through spontaneous speech, describing pictures, completing the incomplete sentences, repetition and open-ended questions. For simple and compound verbs; verb complexity, verb prefixes (b, n, mi), auxilliary verb and imperative verbs have been obtained through the spontaneous speech and describing the pictures. Data have been analysed in the significant level of 5% by using correlation rate test; Pearson, Kruskal- Wallis, Wilcoxon and Friedman. Results:Studies showing, there is a significant relation (P=0.000) between age and verb complexity, variation in verb tense, in the verb inflectional suffixes on the basis of person numeration and auxilliary verbs in children's speech. But there is not any meaningful relation between age, verb suffixes variation (b, n, mi) and variation in imperative verbs. Conclusion:Increasing the age, level of using aspect elements, the verb structure except imperative verbs, verb prefixes (b, n) and past tense verbs will be increased in children's speech. Hence, the acquired results can be used, in other words, as a part of the rules of language development in the field of language and speech pathology and, on the other hand, the text of the children books in this age group should be reevaluated on the basis of the obtained findings.

Introduction: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillus's (ABPA) is an immune disease due to Aspergillums antigens which can cause allergic reactions as well as intensive inflammatory reactions in deep parts of pulmonary system in human. In the present study, 147 patients with asthma that referred to Dr. Shariati hospital and mycology center of the faculty of health in Tehran university of medical sciences have been investigated for the probability of ABPA cases.Material and Methods: Patients were examined by physician and after confirmation of asthma, their blood samples were used for staining and WBC counting. Blood sera were also used for estimation of total IgE amount and antibody precipitation tests. Also we evaluated skin prick test to commercial antigen of Aspergillums fumigatus. Sputum samples were used for direct examination and fungal culture methods.Results: ABPA disease found in 6 patients and 3 other patients recognized as allergic asthma due to Aspergillums agents. The whole 4% of the patients indicated as ABPA cases, matched with the area situation in Iran.Conclusion: On the basis of these findings, more investigations for ABPA cases in asthmatic patients are recommended.

Introduction: History taking and physical examination help physicians to find a valid diagnosis.  the basis of it, care process is provided. According to adversed reports in pertaining to medical students and assistants, taking history and physical examinations in some of educational hospitals of medical sciences universities (Shahid Beheshti, Isfahan and Shahid Sadooghi Yazd). It is important that practice of medical students and assistants in educational hospitals of Semnan university of medical sciences in this subject, will be survived.Materials and Methods: The study is a descriptive and analytic which studied on 134 assistants and medical students history taking and physical examination in educational hospitals of Semnan university of medical sciences in 1999-2000. The measurement device was a forty section checklist that was used after its validity and reliability. Data collection was carried by indirect observation of interview between statistical society and patients and study of the medical history and the patients physical examination reports.Results: The relation between educational location and educational courses to practice was significant (P<0.001), and (P=0.003), respectively. %51.5 of them were not able to find the first diagnosis. Only %15 of them were able to obtain the medical information from the patients more than %90 by history taking and physical examination.Conclusion: The practice of society was indesired. Process of clinical education must be evaluated in out-patient and in-patient wards.

Introduction: The convulsive disorders are among chronic diseases, which usually need a long-term drug therapy. Unfortunately, most of the drugs used clinically to treat disorders exert many side effects. Therefore, search for finding new drugs is being carried out in many laboratories. The object of this research is a comparative study on the anticonvulsive effect of the aqueous extract of the plant Rosmarinus officinalis with phenobarbital in pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice.Materials and Methods: After acclimatization, animals were randomly divided in different groups. Control group received normal saline (6 ml/kg), standard groups received (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg) phenobarbital and the test groups received aqueous plant extract (3, 6, 9 and 12 ml/kg). All injections were carried out as i.p. All animals were firstly exposed to pentylentetrazol (80 mg/kg, i.p). The onset of seizures, behavioral changes, duration of the seizures and number of death were recorded in all groups during the first 24 hours.Results:Results showed that all amounts of the plant extracts delay the onset of seizures but the most effective dose was 12 ml/kg, which was comparable to phenobarbital (30 mg/kg). All amount of the extract, except 3 ml/kg, significantly reduced the duration of seizures, compared to the control group. Number of death was 45, 0 and 10 percent in control, standard and test group; respectively.Conclusion: Findings showed that 12 ml/kg of the aqueous plant extract is able to reduce the onset of seizures, duration of seizures and number of death after 24 hours in pentylentetrazol-induced seizures.

Introduction: So far Eucalyptus camaldulensis is the only known environmental source of Cryptococcus neoformans var.gattii in Australia. Based upon the hypothesis that Australian origin E.camaldulensis trees could be a natural habitat for the C.neoformans var.gattii in Iran as well, this study was performed on 380 E.camaldulensis.Materials and Methods: Trees grown and located in Garmsar, Gonbade Natural sources training center and Sadd-e-Ghaboos. Over a period of 23 months samples of stem bark (380), flowers (300) and fruits (80) were obtained. The supernatants of the sample suspensions were inoculated on to sabouraud dextrose agar and niger seed agar, incubated at 30ºC for 7 days. The identity of 138 isolates which produced blast conidia on cornmeal agar supplemented with ween-80 based on the results obtained from using a battrey of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests including staining by lacto phenol cotton blue and India ink technique, urease production and assimilation tests by API 20c Aux. Finally, canavanin glycine bromotymol blue (GCB) and glycine cyclohexamid phenol red (GCP) were used to distinguish C.neoformans varieties.Results: Overall, 2 of isolates (one from Garmsar and the other from Sadd-e-Ghaboos Voshmgir) were found to be C.neoformans var.gattii and 43 of isolates determined C.albidus and 36 of isolates determined C.laurentii and 57 of isolates determined C.sp. Niger seed agar containing 0.1% glucose is used for rapid melanin production, consequently C.neoformans produced dark-brown colonies and most strains of C.laurentii turned niger seed agar to green and a few C.sp turned niger seed agar to blue. Also 3 isolates of Hendersonula toruloidea were recovered from the Gonbade natural sources training center.Conclusion: The results show that australian origin E.camaldulensis trees could be a natural habitat for the C.neoformans var.gattii and this study also showed that GCB medium serves as an excellent total for the sepration of the two varieties of C.neoformans, but it is not useful in detection of C.neoformans from C.laurentii.

Introduction:Cutaneous lesihmaniasis (L) is a world wide infectious disease. Several  approach toward vaccine have been taken around the world. Recombinant vaccines using gp63 in coctail form is one of the candidates. Because, a significant protection against a challeng with L. major was elicited in senssitive BALB/C mice after vaccination with recombinant BCG producing gp63, as well as, gp63 delivered orally by salmonella typhimurium C an preferably induce the development of Th-1 subset of CD4+ T cells. Since expression of eukaryotic genes are similar to Pichia pastoris as a eukaryotic cell, refolding and glycosylation may be analogous to native form. gp63 gene from L. major (NIH strain) cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris. Materials and Methods:Modified gp63 gene that encoded mature protein only (478 aa) cloned in shuttle vector pHIL-S1. Under control of  alcohol oxidase 1 gene promotor (pAOX1) with yeast acid phosphatase signal sequence (PHO1). KM71 and GS115 strains of Pichia pastoris transformed with it and selected on histidine minus medium. PCR and Southern blotting were done on chromosomal DNA of transformants yeast. Expression of rgp63 was evaluated by using Northern blotting, SDS-PAGE, Western-blotting and immunoelectron microscopy. Its activity was evaluated by using SDS-PAGE gelatin gel. Results:PCR and Southern blotting analysis on chromosomal DNA of transformants have been demonstrated that gp63 gene integrated into chromosomal DNA of yeast. Expression of rgp63 in transformants of Pichia pastoris confirmed by using Northern blotting and SDS-PAGE. The findings were confirmed by Western blotting analysis and immunoelectron microscopy too. Conclusion:Rgp63 expressed in Pichia pastoris had glycosylated form too. It was active on SDS-PAGE gelatin gel. Thus, it was more similar to native gp63.

The present of tooth in dermoid cyst is reported frequently. We report here, one to the rarest cases of ovarian cysts in which located a well recognized maxillary bone containing five well-formed teeth. It seems that this is one of the rarest or may be the first reported case with this level of differentiation in dermoid cyst. Mature cystic teratoma, which is germ cell ovarian tumor, includes more than 20% of all ovarian neoplasis. This is the most common ovarian tumor in pediatric age group and early reproductive years. Abouth one third of these tumors contian tooth. Although there are many examples of tooth in teratomas, the exact level of differentiation of fetal germinal layers in these tumors is not reported. Despite extensive searches in medical literature and references, we found no other case with this level of differentiation and it seems to be one of the rarest or the first reported case in the history of medical researches, regarding differentiation in dermoid cyst.

Introduction: The insufficient specificity and sensitivity of clinical manifestations, ECG and common cardiac biomarkers, such as CK, CK-MB and LDH, caused problems in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and make some patients not be diagnosed and completely treated. To improve the management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and reduce hospitalization, rapid and bed side measurements of new cardiac biomarkers are interested and investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study,  208 patients with ACS were involved. The clinical findings, ECG and level of cardiac enzymes including LDH, CK-MB, total CK, quantitative and qualitative cardiac troponin-I (CTN-I) were recorded on admission (time 0), 12 and 24 hours there after. Complications of each patient were recorded during hospitalization. Results:There was no typical angina pectoris (11%); no typical diagnostic ECG changes (41%) (3% were completely normal); no increasing in total CK (12%) and CK-MB (8%) in patients with AMI; so, common cardiac biomarkers leads to fault in diagnosis of some of these patients, while CTN-I was an ideal diagnostic biomarker, because of its high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (99%). There was a significant relation between increasing CTN-I and cardiac complication, specifically, arrhythmia in AMI cases that indicate the hight risk patients. Also CTN-I was a marker of reperfusion. In 13% of unstable angina cases, CTN-I slightly increased, indicating the high risk group. The sensitivity and specificity of quantitative measurement of CTN-I was slightly higher than qualitative method.Conclusion: CTN-I was more cost effective with high diagnostic and prognostic value, as compared with the other biomarkers; so routinely quantitative or qualitative measurement of CTN-I, on admission (time 0), 12 and 24 hours there after is recommended in ACS patients, instead of other biomarkers