Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2017 | Volume:26 | Issue:103 |Papers Count:12

Introduction: Nowadays, herbal products often have been used as an alternative or supplement to chemical drugs in the treatment or prevention of psychiatric diseases with low side effects and cost of treatment.Objevtive: Therefore, in this study we compared the effects of fluvoxamine and hydro-alcoholic extract of Pistacia atlantica kurdika on the immobilization stress-induced depression in male rats.Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult male Wistar rats with the average weight of 175 g were randomly divided into five groups of six rats in each. Induction of immobilization stress was done using restrainer. In this experiment, the treatment of rats was assigned to 3 weeks with hydroalcoholic extract of pistachio in dose of 400 mg/kg and fluvoxamine drug in dose of 120 mg/kg using oral gavage. Tail suspension test for depression, Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and catalase activity of the homogenized hippocampus tissue, and blood glucose and corticosterone level were measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.Results: A significant increase was observed in the immobility time, malondialdehyde, corticosterone, blood sugar level, and decrease in the catalase enzyme activity and damage in tissue of hippocampus in the cas group. Whereas, there was a significant decrease in the immobility time and increase in catalase enzyme activity and decline in corticosterone, blood sugar and malondialdehyde and lack of hippocampal tissue damage in the group under pistachio extract treatment. Also, in the group under fluvoxamine treatment alone or concomitant use of drug with pistachio extract, we observed an increase the immobility time, decrease in Malondialdehyde, corticosterone and catalase enzyme activity. In addition, concomitant use of drug with pistachio extract caused a significant decrease in the blood glucose level.Conclusion: The findings showed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of pistachio or fluvoxamine drug incidentally decrease the immobilization stress-induced depression and improve condition of antioxidant in the hippocampus tissue of the treated groups.

Introduction: Spirituality and spiritual growth have increasingly attracted the attention of mental health specialists in the past decades. One component of healthy lifestyle is paying attention to spiritual needs. The goal of this survey is to study the spirituality among students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spirituality among students at Guilan University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the fall of 2015.A total of 357 students from Guilan University of Medical Sciences were selected through quota sampling data collection the standard five-item Likert-scale distribution. The scores for ' spirituality' were between 0 and 172, for ' spiritual outlook' between 0 and 96 and for ' spiritual ability' from 0 to 76. Analysis of data was done using statistical software SPSS21, and with descriptive and inferential statistics and indicators Results: The mean score of students in the field of spirituality was 120.05±20.24, in spiritual attitudes was 65.49±13.05 and in spiritual ability was 54.56±9.15.There was a direct and positive correlation between scores of spiritual ability and spiritual attitudes (p=0.0001, r=0.651).Significant difference was observed between the scores obtained from the spirituality questionnaire based on marital status, age and the school of education (p=0.038, p=0.0001, p= 0.001).Conclusion: The results show the importance of addressing the issue of spirituality among students of medical groups. The planning for promotion of spirituality of students seems necessary. Encouraging marriage, especially during the time of studying, and the co-operation of school authorities are important to the improvement of the spiritual atmosphere.

Introduction: Different factors such as trauma, occlusal disorders, loss of posterior teeth, anxiety, depression, orthodontic treatment, oral habits, unfavorable socio-economic situation and the genetic predisposition are involved in the development of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has been reported extensively varied among different populations.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of TMD in patients referred to dental school of Guilan University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: This prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients referred to dental school of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Demographic data were collected. TMD was considered as the presence of at least one of the signs, symptoms including click, pain and tenderness of masticatory muscles, pain of tempromandibular joint (TMJ), jaw deviation, or limitation in mouth opening. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 17) using Chi-Square, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson’ coefficient correlation tests (P<0.05).Results: Five hundred patients including 218 males (43.6%) and 282 females (56.4%), age range of 11-69 years (mean age of 41.4±1.13) were evaluated. The prevalence of TMD was 66.6%. However, TMD was more common in patients with older age, oral parafunctional habits, previous trauma, remarkable attrition, jaw dislocation, loss of posterior teeth, balancing side interference as well as financial unsatisfaction (P<0.05).Conclusion: This study revealed that temporomandibular disorder was a common condition. Factors such as age, parafunctional habits, trauma, remarkable attrition, jaw dislocation, loss of posterior teeth, and financial condition can affect TMD development.

Introduction: The services provided to the prehospital patients and their level of satisfaction may confirm the quality of prehospital emergency services. Therefore, patients' satisfaction is recognized as a key indicator of service quality.Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the patients' level of satisfaction with the prehospital emergency services in city of Rasht Materials and Methods: The participants in this descriptive research were 216 patients, transported to the hospital by 9 urban and road emergency bases in Rasht from the February 20, 2016to the June 20, 2016. The patients were selected through quoting-random sampling method and the data were collected out of satisfaction measuring standard questionnaire. It consisted of two parts, the first part of which containing demographic and personal information, and the second part containing 23 questions. The obtained information was analyzed using SPSS 19 application through Pierson correlation test, independent T, and one way variance.Results: The results showed that among satisfaction areas, the highest level of satisfaction, with an average of 4.43 is the performance of prehospital emergencies and the lowest one with an average of 4.04 is concerned with the performance of the technicians. The average satisfaction with the general prehospital services is 4.49 which demonstrates a good level of satisfaction. There is a significant difference between satisfaction with prehospital emergency services in terms of age, history of using prehospital emergency services, time of the mission and having a relation to the health care system. The average satisfaction of emergency patients with behavior of technicians and their expertness is higher than that of non-emergency patients.Conclusion: In order to promote the level of satisfaction of patients, it is necessary to increase the level of skills and abilities of emergency technicians and develop specialized training courses for emergency technicians. Equipping ambulances with modern medical equipment and ambulance cleanliness, uniformity of clothing, and the regularity of emergency staff are emphasized, too.

Introduction: Despite the research on the effects of multiple psychological variables on the quality of life of veterans, the role of religious beliefs and strategies for coping with stress has been less studied.Objective: This study examined the mediating role of coping strategies and marital satisfaction and religious beliefs which predict mental resiliency in veterans’ wives of Rasht. The study population consisted of all wives of veteran.Materials and Methods: The research method is descriptive and its type is correlational. The statistical population includes all veterans' wives. Sample size includes 175 women with war veteran spouse in Rasht city in 2016, selected by available sampling method using Morgan table. Four questionnaires were used to collect the research data. The questionnaires were Alport Religious Orientation Scale (1963), Andler& Parker's Coping Stress Questionnaire (1990), Researcher's Conner & Davidson (1991) and Enrich Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were used with SPSS 21 software.Results: Results confirmed the coping strategies and marital satisfaction of veterans’ wives in Rasht, (p<0.001) as well as strategic relationships to deal with stress and mental resiliency and relationships, religious belief and mental resilience (p<0.001).Conclusion: Considering the relationship between psychological variables and the important role of marital satisfaction in the quality of life and coping with life problems among the veterans and their wives, development of workshops by the government organizations can increase safety and comfort in the veterans' families.

Introduction: Malingering is one of the most important and highly studied issues in the forensic psychiatry. It seems to be due to differences in personality traits and psychic profile of individuals.Objective: The aim of this study is to compare personality dimensions on the basis of personality traits approach, including neuroticism, extraversion, acceptance, responsibility and psychic profile, in malingerers and normal people.Materials and Methods: In this analytic study, two statistical groups were surveyed. The first group consisted of 30 malingering clients to Guilan Province General Office of forensic Medicine. The second group included 30 nonmalingers referred to this center selected purposefully, matched with the first group. They all filled five factor personality questionnaire and Minnesota personality questionnaire (MMPI-2). Data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) using SPSS.Results: Malingerers suffered from more neuroticism and less extraversion, compared to normal people. Also, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding flexibility, acceptance and responsibility. Malingerers suffered from more schizophrenia, paranoia, hypochondriasis and depression and less social-psychological pervert than normal people. There was no significant difference in hypomania, hysteria and psychic weakness between malingerers and normal groups (p³0.05).Conclusion: Malingering is one of the fundamental personality disorders and malingerers should be evaluated in different fields.

Introduction: Due to weakness of self-care during pregnancy, adverse pregnancy outcomes including abortion, stillbirth, premature birth, etc may occur. Individual and social factors affect self-care of pregnancy Objective: Use of path analysis method to determine predictors of pregnancy self-care based on combination of health belief model and social support.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive analytical study conducted on 215 pregnant women living in Baluchistan region, Iran. Two-stage cluster sampling was performed. Data collection tool was questionnaire of integrated model (HBM and social support constructs). To analyze the data, SPSS version 18 statistical indicators and descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and linear regression.Results: Self-efficacy, perceived severity and sensitivity were found to be directly effective on self-care. Also, social support had indirect effects on self-care through an effect on self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility and severity. Social support was identified as the strongest predictor of self-care of pregnancy (46.6%). A significant correlation was found between susceptibility and self-care (0.598), severity and self-care (0.726), benefits and self-care (0.348), self-efficacy and self-care (0.824) and social support (0.745) with self-care (p<0.05). An inverse association was observed between perceived barriers and self-care (p<0.05, r=-0.685).Conclusion: Integrated Model (HBM and social support structures) with an emphasis on social support and self efficacy can be used as a framework for designing educational interventions to promote self-care.

Introduction: The performance quality serves as the most important determinant of success in the global competitive arena, and survival key of organizations. Human resource is the most valuable asset of any organization. Indifference to human resources can lead to poor organization consequences.Objective: This study assesses the impact of human resource management tools on organizational performance in Guilan University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, statistical population research included staff of Guilan University in the fall of 1395, randomly sampled size of 380.The method of collecting data, field data collection instruments and two standard questionnaires, include organizational performance Hersey and Goldsmith 42 questions and human resource management tools (education, attract, engage, retain and develop) consisting of 19 questions were used.Data analysis was performed using software spss 20.Results: The human resources management tool with a coefficient of 0.23 improved performance, training with path coefficient of 0.23, participation of 0.22, absorption of 0.17 and development and maintenance of staff of 0.21 were identified as the most important factors affecting the performance of the organization.Conclusion: Given the human resource impact on improving organizational performance, the health authorities and managers and policy makers should make more serious efforts to implement an efficient human resource tool.

Introduction: science survey for the evaluation of scientific activities and their respective scientific activities count the number of scientific products in various fields and analyze them using related metrics and consequently elaborate on the procedure of knowledge production and scientific output and efficiency, based on a combination of indices.Objective: this study investigates the conducted research in the cardiovascular chronic disorder field in various aspects (citing analysis, scientific cooperation network, geographic distribution, target journals, metric of intelligence and synonyms).Materials and methods: this study was carried out using science survey techniques. First, data selection is significantly important in science survey research and data have a direct influence on the findings and results and hence, it’s better for the initial records to be adequately inclusive and exclusive. Given this fact, the articles with the subject of “cardiovascular chronic disorder” in English in the years 2000 to 2015 classified under “cardiovascular systems” of Web of Science” were retrieved in this research. In this regard, the following search method was used and resulted in the restoration of 11967 documents (articles, reviews and proceedings).Results: the findings of this study indicated that the quantitative process of scientific production in the field of cardiovascular chronic disorder has had a relative growth. Three researchers with the most scientific productions were able to gain the highest H index and merely 10 journals (5.07%) published more than 43% of the articles (5202 titles) in the cardiovascular chronic disorder and USA with 4431 research (37%) with the subject of cardiovascular chronic disorder was in the first place by a great distance, compared to other countries of the world. Moreover, the findings of this study suggest that the most frequent keywords of such collected research were classified into 7 main clusters.Conclusion: there is a great difference between countries’ share and journals’ share in scientific production in the field of the cardiovascular chronic disorder.