LITERARY ARTS
Year:2018 | Volume:9 | Issue:4 (21)|Papers Count:12

Semiotic is taken of the word "semion" and it is a fieldof knowledge that studies signs and their applications on the text. We can name it "semiondoctorian". In the studies on the semiology, linguists present the different theories about "semion". One of the theories is semiology on the basis of a couple of contrasts that search method to analyze. This method is a good opportunity to study the state of the meaning production on the way a relation on the semion system…

Before Abdolghaher Jorjani, "rhetoric" term has been expressed in rhetorical books and literary criticism but the limits of eloquence or eloquent speaker have not been explained. In the works after Jorjani, they have considered a word or words eloquent that they have no particular imperfections; but they have not explained about the eloquent speaker except a vague and general statement. In this research, the presented subjects from the point of view of the rhetorical scholars, from the beginning until now, that were incommensurably given about the eloquent speaker was studied, criticized and compared; finally in addition to state the conditions for speaker to be eloquent, a definition has been presented for it…

The pun is one of the most important types of rhetorical figures. Two pillars or two conditions for the realization of an absolute pun include both the same spelling and sound and different meanings. Although the verbal similarity of two homonymic words has been discussed so far, the semantic dissonance of the two words has not yet been taken into account for various reasons. Therefore, it is not yet lucid which of the different meanings of a word is of interest and what the meaning difference is. In the current study, the descriptive- analytical method was used to both investigate the origin of absolute pun according to the views of past linguists and lecturers and contemporary scholars and determine what kind of meaning is intended in this type of pun in line with the rhetorical heritage of Persian and Arabic...

The term "intertextuality" refers to the analysis of a text with other previous or contemporary literature. The term was first coined by Julia Kristova, and later expanded into various sub- disciplines by Gérard Genette. This paper is an attempt to intertextually analyze a poem by Parvin E' tesami who composed it with reference to some antecedent poets like Mowlavi; highlight its ethical teachings, and clarify their similarities and differences. Doing this, the article sheds a modern light on the ancient teachings. No such an attempt has thus far been conducted on intertextual analysis in Iran; yet there are such works as that of Bahman Namvar Motlaq and Farhad Sasani. Next to the presentation of theoretical hints on intertextual analysis, the article catches a glimpse into the life and work-style of Parvin E' tesami; then the poem "drunk and sober" is given previous to the poem "drunk and inspector" by Rumi...

Defensive actions and reactions versus psychological pressures have been always a common theme in psychology and literature. In the meanwhile, story/ fiction functions a good role for a better understanding of these actions and reactions. In Shahname, because of the numerous characters and a variety of incidents, host of tensions, behaviors, and defensive reactions could be identified. A study of these reactions can reveal underlying structures of the story, and hence, help to achieve a psychoanalytic understanding...

Rhymes are the same letters or letters that appear at the end of the verses and sentences of the poem. Rhyming science is also a science that examines its rules and its characteristics. Rhymes that have long been the subject of poetry, many aesthetic abilities have a lot to help the poets in expressing the meaning and meaning of the music of the word. The most important roles of rhymes in the structure of poetry are: "The musical effect, the distinction that rhymes give to the specific words of each poem, the pleasure that rhyme provides from the fulfillment of expectations, spiritual beauty or diversity at the same unity, the regulation of thought and feeling, the strength of poetry, memory assistance and the speed of transmission Creating unity of form in poetry, separating and identifying petitions, helping to conjugate meanings, paying attention to the intrinsic beauty of words, fitting and mirroring, creating specific forms and preserving unity, developing images and meanings, and inducing the concept through the way of the words of words" (Shafi’ee Kadkani, 1384: 62)...

While many studies have been done on the influence of Quran on Mathnavi, almost no research has been done on the creative usage of Quran verses in Mathnavi. Quran itself is a miracle of rhetoric, and an opportunity for creating exquisite and artistic terms and expressions has predisposed in Mathnavi. Based on this, Rumi’s creativity in using Quran verses is investigated in this research…

The letters and collections of the remaining letters of various historical periods are considered to be important Persian prose types and are considered important and worthy in different aspects. These letters are the influences of writers and literary writers who have enjoyed a great reputation throughout the history of Persian literature…