DEPICTION OF HEALTH
Year:2020 | Volume:11 | Issue:3|Papers Count:11

Financial constraints to support research in many countries, including Iran, have led to a critical look at methods of measuring the effectiveness of research. Today, relying solely on citation impact to measure research productivity is not justified for funding organizations. Institutions pay more attention on understanding of the extent their research has been able to meet the needs of society and solve existing problems (1). Therefore, organizations seek to find more comprehensive tools and methods to measure the impact of research that is not necessarily the frequency of citation. Because the use of the whole society such as professionals, doctors, educators and the general public from the research work is ignored, at the expense of the limited community of "other researchers" as long as citation impact is used for measuring the impact of the research (2, 3). In addition, other proposed methods for measuring impact of research on industry, patent, quality of life, economy and trade market is encountered with suspicion due to delay between research conduction and use of research in products, processes and practices (4). Meanwhile, Altmetrics offers a potentially different way to measure the immediate social impact of research. Altmetrics is an index that is constructed by tracking the use of a scientific research work on the social networks. Altmetrics measures the social influence of a research work based on several components of downloading, discussing and sharing on social networks, news and policy documents. By the field based normalizing, Altmetrcs tries to provide a suitable tool for measurement. However, following the dynamic nature of web environment, more functional and diverse platforms are added to Altmetrics sources to be able to measure other aspects of social and scientific impact, online. The Dimensions has been added to the metrics since 2014, as a platform for tracking both academic and social impact. (https: //app. dimensions. ai/). . .

Background and Objectives: organizational justice is employees’ perceptions of fairness and equity in their behaviors and relationships so this perception can be effective in responding to patients. Accordingly, this study aimed to decide the correlation between the dimensions of organizational justice and responsibility at affiliated hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study performed on 342 patients and staff with direct relation to patients. Niehoff and Moorman’ s questionnaire and WHO standard questionnaire used to measure justice and responsibility. Data analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics (t-test, ANOVA and Pearson) with SPSS software. Results: The mean and standard deviation of justice and responsibility was obtained 62. 70± 15. 23 and 105. 16 ± 18. 75. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between justice dimensions and responsibility so that the weakest and strongest relationship was obtained between “ distributive justice and Quality of Basic Amenities” and “ interactional justice and dignity” . In addition, there was no significant relationship between demographic variables and justice, and only type of insurance and academic degree had a significant relationship with responsibility. Conclusion: The results showed that the level of responsibility could be improved by improving employees' perceptions of justice. This will lead to a better vision of the hospital in the minds of patients, which will increase the ability to attract customers. Therefore, it is recommended to managers to enhance the responsibility by organizational justice, especially equity in resource distribution.

Background and Objectives: The purpose of training and applying family physicians in the health system is to optimize rating the services and referral system. The purpose of this study was to explanation of the expected outcomes of family medicine graduates from the viewpoints of professors, assistants and senior managers of the health system and its comparison with the defined consequences in the curriculum of this major at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: This is a qualitative study with the content analysis approach. Sampling method is non-random and purposive. Three focus group discussions and six semistructured interviews conducted with 31 participants, including three groups of professors, assistants and senior managers of the health system by FGD method and also including 25 participants and 6 individuals were used for individual interview. Interviews continued until data saturation. Content analysis method used for data analysis. Results: After conceptualizing, extracting and coding themes into 56 themes, the findings were categorized into three general themes: Occupational status (such as: Conscientious physician, policy maker, supervisor or provider), job duties (Education, research, management, consulting and visit) and employment outcomes (such as: Cost reduction, unnecessary refer and population health promotion). Conclusion: The use of specialist family physicians in positions such as the physician in charge of the health complex and service provision in comprehensive health centers can have outcomes such as appropriating referrals, reducing costs and preventing overuse, and reducing the workload of levels 2 and 3.

Background and Objectives: Healthcare organizations in terms of providing and maintaining community health have many challenges throughout the world and their proper functioning depends on how well they are managed. Also, the study of the state of Iran healthcare system shows that Iran does not have the proper clinical leadership and needs to made some modifications. The aim of this study was to identify and explain the competence of clinical leadership among the managers of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: This research is a qualitative research that was done by using content analysis approach. The statistical population was the managers of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2019, which selected with the approach of purposeful sampling of 18 senior managers as participants. To obtain reliability and validity of the data, two methods used by reviewing participants and reviewing non-participating experts. Results: After analyzing and combining the data in the form of 264 basic concepts, 5 main categories (specifications, importance, barriers, executive tactics and achievements) and 28 sub-categories classified. Conclusion: Given the importance of leadership competence and the complexity of professional work, the role of the Ministry of Health in determining the management perspective, its implementation and monitoring throughout the country for determining the comprehensive road-map for health is very key and important. At the individual level, educating individuals and equipping Iran health managers with management tools, also to purely specialized generation training, is very key and vital.

Background and Objectives: Empowerment of managers and employees can be considered as one of the most important factors for making employees and organizations more efficient. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of managerial factors and identifying its components and variables in empowering health networks managers. Material and Methods: This applied, exploratory and cross-sectional study conducted among 430 managers of health networks of East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan and Ardabil provinces that were chosen by stratified random sampling method in 2018-2019. Data collected using a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity confirmed by experts and its reliability calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0. 96 Data analyzed by using descriptive statistics and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Based on the standard coefficients of confirmatory factor analysis, the "guidance and participatory management" with a factor loading of 0. 96 and "manager’ s feeling of belonging to a group" with 0. 87 factor loading were the two effective management components on empowering health network managers and the indicators of both managerial components were significant at p<0. 001 level. The variables of "consulting", "information sharing", "ability development" and "participatory management" with factor loadings of 0. 85, 0. 76, 0. 75 and 0. 71, respectively, had the highest importance. Conclusion: The approved model of empowerment managerial factors in this study can be used as a practical guide for health system policy-makers and managers to play an effective role in empowering their managers by improving the managerial factor in health networks and organizations and through the participatory management, information sharing, guidance and support, delegating authority and responsibility.

Background and Objectives: Health System Reform Plan was implemented with the aim of modifying the health system structure with the overall aim of responding to the needs of society, improving and promoting the health system and a fundamental step in solving community health problems in the country. The purpose of this study was identifying and ranking the barriers to implementation of health system transformation plan by AHP method. Material and Methods: This study was an applied descriptive-survey study conducted Public Hospitals in Ahwaz. Statistical population was hospital managers, 12 of whom were selected by purposeful sampling. Open and closed questionnaires used for data collection. The t-test used to weight the indices, the AHP technique was used to rank the indices by paired comparisons based on the 9 ° hourly spectrum and also SPSS and the statistical software, Expert Choice, were used. Results: Findings showed that 4 factors (financial, infrastructure, planning and human) with 22 d subfactors were identified as barriers to implementation of Health System Reform Plan that financial barrier with weighted average (0. 381), infrastructure weighted average (0. 332), Planning with Weighted Average (0. 162) and Human with Weighted Average (0. 120) gained first to fourth rank, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that for the successful implementation of the Health System Reform Plan, it is necessary concetrate on the financing of the project, providing the necessary infrastructure, correct monitoring of the implementation, motivation and participation of human resources.

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Workaholism (work addiction) and its dimensions including work involvement, internal willingness to work and work enjoyment on job burnout in Non-industrial Iranian South Oil Company. Material and Methods: The statistical population studied consisted of 514 official employees of non-industrial operations management in South of Iran. The sample size is 220 people who were selected through random stratified sampling according to the Cochran formula. Maslach (2001) questionnaire was used to measure job burnout and Spence & Robbins (1992) questionnaire was used to measure Workaholism. Questionnaire scoring was based on Licker's five-choice range. The data was analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software. The validity of tool was determined by using experts view and factor analysis and the reliability determined by Cronbach alpha، which was higher than 0. 7 for all the cases. Results: The effect of workaholism on job burnout was 0. 71 and the effect of the dimensions of workaholism including work involvement, drive to work and work enjoyment on job burnout were 0. 79, 0. 83 and-0. 61, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that workaholics and its dimensions have significant impact on job burnout. workaholics, work involvement and internal willingness to work. have positive significant impact on job burnout and work enjoyment has negative significant impact on job burnout. Based on the results, the dimensions of workaholics have different effects on job burnout.

Background and Objectives: Reassuring women to take part in screening program for cervical cancer cause early diagnosis and declining complication of this cancer. The aim of this study is determining knowledge and attitude of health providers, worked in healthcare centers of Mianeh, a city in north west of Iran. Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study included 117 health providers providing primary health services in the Mianeh healthcare facility centers. Data collected by using a 27‐ items questionnaire that its validity and reliability had been confirmed. Data analysis performed by an Independent Samples t Test in SPSS Results: This study included a total of 187 health providers. Among them, 117 health providers completed the questionnaire (response rates 63 percent). The majority of participants were women (75 percent). The mean knowledge and attitude scores were 10. 06 ± 2. 31 (the range from zero to 14) and 8. 03 ± 3. 17(the range from zero to 13), respectively. More than half of participated women, who all were married, had done twice or more screening test for cervical cancer (55. 67 percent). There was no statistically significant difference in knowledge and attitude of health providers' score with respect to age, gender, education, marital status and work experience. The knowledge and attitudes score of the female health providers who had done twice or more screening test for cervical cancer were statistically significant higher than others (p value > 0. 05). The negative attitude considering cervical screening was caused by experiencing pain (67 percent), ulcer and hemorrhage (53 percent). Conclusion: Though health workers have partially suitable knowledge, attitude and practice toward cervical screening test, appropriate interventions are required to improve them.

Background and Objectives: Enterprise architecture began 22 years ago. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Enterprise architecture on human resource productivity from the perspective of librarians of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: This research in terms of purpose was Practical, in terms of relationship of variables was correlational, and in terms of data collection was surveyanalytical. The study population included all librarians (45) of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Two prefabricated questionnaires, Ghadrdan et al and Alaa Al-Maleki and colleagues were used for organizational architecture and the productivity of human resources. The validity of the questionnaires was content validity and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0. 96 and 93. 65). Data were analyzed by SPSS software using KolmogorovSmirnov test and Pearson correlation. Results: The average of enterprise architecture was (3. 17) and human productivity was (2. 94). Enterprise architecture and its layers (business layer, information layer, application layer and technology layer) have had a significant positive impact on on human productivity of studied libraries (Sig>0. 05). The results of the Pearson correlation test also showed that; There is a positive and significant relationship between enterprise architecture and its layers and the productivity of human resources of libraries of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (the value of the coefficient is equal to 0. 547). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that by improving the level of enterprise architecture, the productivity of human resources in libraries will be improved. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations to design and implement architecture in the organization in order to achieve appropriate productivity, based on the missions specified in their strategic document and with the motivation to implement the best processes.

Background and Objectives: The release of information without scientific basis about the new corona virus (2019) pandemic has now become a global anxiety. The aim of this study was to analyze the performance, planning and flexibility of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in response to the new coronavirus (covid-19) Pandemic crisis to produce and disseminate evidence-based information. Material and Methods: This was an organizational study which was done by descriptive methods. After announcement of a call for Covid-19 research project from the website of Tabriz University of Medical Science (TUOMS), a new policy was arranged for review process. The time and production of evidence were the major factors for this experience. Electronic arbitration methods and virtual discussion were used. Quantitative data was performed in MS Excel version 16 and the results were presented in the form of tables and graphs. Results: Due to the urgency of aggregating the evidence, the review process was done by the scientific team during a maximum of 72 and by the ethical team within 24 hours (excluding the spent time by the principal investigators), 64 research and technological projects were prioritized. The shortest possible review process, the interactive approach of reviewing and problem-based nature of the approved topics were among the most important achievements. Conclusion: This experience showed that cohesive organizational activities in the field of research and flexibility of the processes can play a significant role in dealing with epidemics and crises in order to overcome obstacles, challenges and for production of scientific evidence.

On the page 52 in engelish abstract and 53, in abstract section, line 5 and 55 column first paragraph, the method section of article the method of conducting is quantitative-qualitativeand in terms of time it is cross-sectional. The reliability of the questionnaires was determined through re-testing and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was. 872% for the whole questionnaire and 85% correlation coefficient. In the present study, a researcher-made questionnaire based on a comparative study was used and 41 questions were asked. In the following, in order to enter the stage of exploratory factor analysis, the adequacy of the data was first measured, for which the KMO Bartlett's test, which was 0. 952, was used. 10% of the articles were coded by 3 people with a doctorate degree and work experience or research in the field of aging in the introductory stage, and the coefficient of agreement was 85%, and in the next stage, the whole sample was examined by one of them. Also, in page 56 the title of Table 2 is "Results of Comparative Studies of Active Aging Management for Iran".